3.4.4 Match the sentences in the left-hand column with proper ending from the right-hand column. Use background information from ex.3.3.

1	We are all equally entitled	A	with the rights and duties of countries and states, but not of individuals.
2	International human rights law lays down obligations of governments to act in certain ways	B	to solve international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character.
3	Traditionally, international law was exclusively concerned with	C	the cornerstone of international human rights law.
4	The United Nations was founded	D	to our human rights without discrimination.
5	The Universal Declaration was	E	in order to protect human rights of individuals or groups.
6	The principal of universality of human rights is	F	they should not be taken away, except in specific situations.
7	Human rights are inalienable, which means that	G	a set of recommended standards rather than a binding treaty.

3.4.5 Scan the text again and find the English equivalents for the following:

1. свобода вероисповедания_____________________________________

2. право на судебную защиту_____________________________________

3. право на участие в политической деятельности_____________________

4. быть взаимосвязанным, взаимозависимым и неделимым_____________

5. действовать соответствующим образом___________________________

6. воздерживаться от определенных действий________________________

7. уменьшить вероятность повторения больших войн__________________

8. создать основу для развития международной защиты прав человека___

9. относиться к каждому человеку в любой стране____________________

10. независимо от_______________________________________________

11. способствовать продвижению__________________________________

12. оказывать отрицательное воздействие____________________________

13. воздерживаться от вмешательства_________________________________

14. защищать от нарушений прав человека___________________________

3.5 Practice

LANGUAGE FOCUS

3.5.1 Read the extract and fill in prepositions or conjunctions wherever necessary. Translate the text. Give the text the appropriate heading.

___________________________________

The foundation documents … human rights law are the Universal Declaration … Human Rights (UDHR, 1948), the International Covenant … Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR, 1966) and its Optional Protocol, and the International Covenant … Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR, 1966). Known collectively as the International Bill … Human Rights, these four documents were followed … more than twenty human rights conventions – treaties that become binding law … those countries that ratify them. When a UN member state ratifies … a convention, it agrees to abide … its provisions, to change the laws of the country to conform … the convention, and to report … its progress in doing so.

Some conventions define and ban abhorrent, inhuman acts (e.g., The Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment); others address populations in need … particular protection and provision (e.g., The Convention … the Rights of the Child; The Convention … the Rights of Migrant Workers and the Members of Their Families) or groups who experience particular discrimination (e.g., The Convention on the Elimination … All Forms of Racial Discrimination; the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms … Discrimination against Women).