If certain words and phrases are repeated in direct speech, they must not be reproduced in indirect speech.

She said to him, "It's very kind of you to offer to help me, very kind indeed."

She said it was very kind of him to offer to help her.

So and such are replaced by very, exceedingly, etc. in excla­matory sentences.

She said, "Jane plays the piano so well!" She said, "Jane is such a good pianist!'

She said Jane played the piano very well She said Jane was an exceedingly (very) good pianist.

Interjections must be replaced by suitable adverbial modifiers.

She said, "Alas! I'll never be happy again!”

She exclaimed in despair she would never be happy again.

j Must, as a rule, remains unchanged in indirect speech if it expresses advice (order) or a supposition bordering on assurance (должно быть).

She said to him, "You must be more careful." (advice) She said, "You must be very fond of music if you go to concerts so often." (supposition)

She told him he must be more careful. She said he must be very fond of music if he went to concerts so often. She was informed that she must never again walk much. He said he was afraid you must think him ungrateful. (Marryat)

Mr.Brownlow smiled and said that Mr.Grimwig was an old friend of him and he must not mind his being a little rough in his manner. . (Dickens)

Must is generally replaced by had to if it expresses necessity arising out of circumstances.

She said, ”I must get up early every morning.”

She said she had to get up early every morning.

Must is generally replaced by was to if it expresses arrangement or a kind of order.

She said, "I must ring him up at two o'clock."

She said she was to ring him up at two o'clock.

Exercise 7. Convert into indirect speech.

1. ...the General said: "I want to consult you, Lionel. It's about my boy, Hubert." (Galsworthy) 2. The old man said, "I had to go in the cave, son." (Warren) 3. "My father is a preacher," Isaak said, "so I have read my Bible, I remember about the miracle of the loaves and fishes." (Warren) 4. "Hans," said the Miller, "I will give you my wheel-barrow." (Wilde) 5. "Well!" cried Pinch, "you are the strangest young man, Martin, I ever knew in my life." (Dickens) 6. "Very well, then," said my friend's wife, rising, "all I have to say is, that I shall take the children and go to a hotel until these cheeses are eaten. I decline to live any longer in the same house with them." (Jerome K.. Jerome) 7. "Maurice," she said, "I've just telephoned to the doctor." (Bennett) 8. "I can go to England at the beginning of June, doctor, but not before," I said. "You must go before. It is absolutely necessary," said the doctor. "You must go at once." (Marryat) 9. "I will ring when I want you," she said to the maid. (Bennett) 10. "Boy," the lieutenant said, "if you aren't careful you'll be. ordered off this mountain." (Warren)

Exercise 8. Convert into indirect speech.

1. Не has just said, "I want to speak to you." 2. He has just said, "We have finished our work." 3. He will say, "I will do it at once." 4. He said, "This exercise is very easy." 5. He said to her, "I met him last year." 6. He said, "He is going to Leningrad to-morrow." 7. He said to me, "I have never been here before." 8. I said, "I was ill yesterday." 9. He said to them, "She will be here in half an hour." 10. I said to him, "I have been waiting for you since two o'clock." 11. He said, "I was working hard all the time." 12. He said to me, "I'll come as soon as I can." 13. He said, "I sent them a telegram two days ago." 14. He said, "I'm afraid I can't go there now but I shall probably be able to go there to-mor­row." 15. She said, "I have been very ill, but I am feeling much better." 16. He said, "I met him in 1950." 17. He said, "The price does not include the cost of packing." 18. The director said to him, "You must charter a steamer of 8,000 tons." 19. He said, "The buyers agree to accept the cargo on condition that it is not shipped before the 12th December." 20. He said, "I was writing a letter when he entered the room." 21. He said, "We must ship the goods at the end of August." 22. He said to me, "You ought to send him a cable." 23. He said, "I must sign the letters before I go." 24. He said to me, "You should wait until the weather changes." 25. He said to me, "You must eat more fruit."