Бабанова_Стратегический анализ
.pdfɞɢɜɢɡɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɟɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɬɢɯ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɢ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɪɵɧɤɨɜ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɮɢɪɦɵ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɧɚ ɷɬɢɯ ɪɵɧɤɚɯ
Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɢ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɫɨ ɫɯɨɠɢɦɢ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹɦɢ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɬ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɫɨɢɡɦɟɪɹɹ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶ ɢ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɵ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɨ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɣ ɗɬɨ ɫɚɦɵɣ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɣ ɷɬɚɩ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ ɝɞɟ ɜɟɥɢɤɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɟɪɨɜ ɢɯ ɭɦɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɜɢɞɟɬɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɫɜɨɟɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ©ɱɭɬɶɹ ɪɵɧɤɚªɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɧɟɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ
Ⱦɨɫɬɨɢɧɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɝɥɹɞɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ
ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ
ɚɤɰɟɧɬ ɧɚ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɨ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɷɤɫɬɪɚɩɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɟɜ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨ ɞɜɭɦ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹɦ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɢ ɢ ɬ ɞ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɛɟɡ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ
Ɉɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɹ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɦɧɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɥɢɲɶ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɜ ɨɩɵɬɧɵɯ ɪɭɤɚɯ Ʉɚɠɭɳɚɹɫɹ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɬɚ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɪɢɰ ɨɛɦɚɧɱɢɜɚ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɢ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɟɝɨ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɥɚɛɵɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɚɯ
ȼɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɆɚɬɪɢɰɚ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ Ȼɨɫɬɨɧɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ
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ɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɰɢɤɥɆɚɬɪɢɰɚ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ Ⱥɧɫɨɮɮɚ
Ɍɪɟɯɦɟɪɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ȺɛɟɥɹȾɟɥɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ3,06
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Ɋɚɡɥɢɱɢɹ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɬ ɜ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚɯ ɤ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɢ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɵɧɤɚ
Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɭ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ Ȼɨɫɬɨɧɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ȼ ɟɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɥɟɠɢɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɢɥɢ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɜ ɫɜɨɟɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɜɵɯɨɞ ɧɚ ɪɵɧɨɤ ɬɨɜɚɪ± ©ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚª ɪɨɫɬ ɬɨɜɚɪ ± ©ɡɜɟɡɞɚª ɡɪɟɥɨɫɬɶ ɬɨɜɚɪ ± ©ɞɨɣɧɚɹ ɤɨɪɨɜɚª ɫɩɚɞ ɬɨɜɚɪ ± ©ɫɨɛɚɤɚª
ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɨɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶ ɫɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɟɟ ɪɨɫɬɨɦ ɢ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟɦ Ɍɨɜɚɪ©ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚª ± ɷɬɨ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬ ɜ ɪɚɫɬɭɳɟɣ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɤɚɡɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɧɨ ɨɧɢ ɧɭɠɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɟ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ Ƚɥɚɜɧɵɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɣ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɭɸ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ± ɤɨɝɞɚ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɢɯ ɢɡ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɹ"ȿɫɥɢ ɷɬɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɪɚɧɨ ɬɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɬɟɪɹɬɶ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɨɜɚɪ©ɡɜɟɡɞɭª Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦɢ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɦɢ ɩɨɬɨɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɫɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɨɜɚɪɵ©ɡɜɟɡɞɵªɊɢɫɤ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɜɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɷɬɭ ɝɪɭɩɩɭ
ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɟɥɢɤ Ɍɨɜɚɪ©ɡɜɟɡɞɚª ±ɷɬɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɵɦ ɥɢɞɟɪɨɦ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɫɹ
ɧɚ ɩɢɤɟ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ Ɉɧ ɫɚɦ ɩɪɢɧɨɫɢɬ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɭɸ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶ ɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɬɶ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɦɭɸ ɞɨɥɸ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɧɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɟɝɨ ɱɢɫɬɵɣ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɣ ɞɨɯɨɞ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɧɢɡɨɤ
ɍ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɟɪɨɜ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɢɫɤɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɣ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɢ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɷɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɤɚɡɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɟɞɚɥɶɧɨɜɢɞɧɵɦ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɞɨɥɝɨɫɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɜɚɪ©ɞɨɣɧɭɸ ɤɨɪɨɜɭª ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ ɜɚɠɧɵ ɛɭɞɭɳɢɟ ɞɨɯɨɞɵ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ©ɡɜɟɡɞɵªɚ ɧɟ ɬɟɤɭɳɢɟ Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɬɟɦɩ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɡɚɦɟɞɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɵ©ɡɜɟɡɞɵª ɫɬɚɧɨɜɹɬɫɹ©ɞɨɣɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɪɨɜɚɦɢª
Ɍɨɜɚɪ©ɞɨɣɧɚɹ ɤɨɪɨɜɚª ±ɷɬɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɣ ɥɢɞɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɪɵɧɤɟ ɫ ɧɢɡɤɢɦ ɬɟɦɩɨɦ ɪɨɫɬɚ ȿɝɨ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɨɧ ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɣ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɨɤɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɨɩɵɬɧɨɣ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɤɭɩɚɸɬ ɫɟɛɹ ɧɨ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɮɨɧɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɵ ɨɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɛɭɞɭɳɢɣ ɪɨɫɬ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ
Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɮɟɧɨɦɟɧ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ©ɞɨɣɧɵɯ ɤɨɪɨɜª ɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɫɹ ɜ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɦɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɦɚɪɤɟɬɢɧɝɚ Ʉɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɹ ɜ ɫɬɚɝɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɯ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɠɟɫɬɤɚɹ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɢɥɢɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɢ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɢ ɩɨɢɫɤ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɵɯ ɧɢɲ
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Ɍɨɜɚɪ©ɫɨɛɚɤɚª ±ɷɬɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɧɢɡɤɭɸ ɞɨɥɸ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɢ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɯ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɡɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɑɢɫɬɵɟ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɨɤɢ ɭ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɧɭɥɟɜɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ȿɫɥɢ ɧɟɬ ɨɫɨɛɵɯ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ©ɞɨɣɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɨɜɵªɢɥɢ©ɡɜɟɡɞɵªɬɨ ɨɬ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɡɛɚɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ
ɋɭɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ ȻɄȽ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɯ ɩɨɬɨɤɚɯ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɟɝɨ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚɦɢ
ȼ ɯɨɞɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚɟɦɨɣ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɟ Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɞɜɭɦ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹɦ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɨɥɹ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɢ ɬɟɦɩ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɪɵɧɤɚ
ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɨɥɢ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɈȾɊ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɞɨɥɹ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɞɟɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɧɚ ɞɨɥɸ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɤɪɭɩɧɟɣɲɟɝɨ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɚ ɉɨɧɹɬɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɞɥɹ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɥɢɞɟɪɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɨɥɹ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɪɚɜɧɚɹ ɞɜɭɦ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɞɨɥɹ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɥɢɞɟɪɚ ɜɞɜɨɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɱɟɦ ɭ ɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɟɝɨ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɚ ɋ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɨɥɹ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɛ ɨɬɫɬɚɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɬ ɥɢɞɟɪɚ ɪɵɧɤɚ ȼɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɞɨɥɹ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɭɟɬ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɨɤɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɨɠɢɞɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɨɤɚ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɗɬɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɨɩɵɬɧɨɣ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ
Ɍɟɦɩ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɌɊɊ ± ɟɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɚɯ ɩɪɨɞɚɠ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɨɦ ɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ
Ʉɨɧɟɱɧɨ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɤɪɢɜɭɸ ɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɟɬɪɨɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɧɨ ɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɫɬɚɞɢɸ ɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɧɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɫɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɚɯ ȼ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɯ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɬɟɦɩɨɦ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɜɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɪɟɤɥɚɦɭ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɩɵɬɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɱɶ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɪɵɧɤɟ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɯ ɩɨɬɨɤɨɜ
ȼ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ ȻɄȽ ɥɟɠɚɬ ɞɜɟ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɵɉɟɪɜɚɹ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɫɚɦɵɣ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɣ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬ
ɢɦɟɟɬ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɪɟɧɬɚɛɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɟ ɩɨ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɵɦ ɰɟɧɚɦ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɟ ɩɨɬɨɤɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵ
ȼɬɨɪɚɹ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɬɭɳɟɦ ɪɵɧɤɟ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɭɸ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɯ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɪɟɤɥɚɦɵ ɢ ɬ ɞ ȿɫɥɢ ɬɟɦɩ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɧɟɜɟɥɢɤ ɡɪɟɥɵɣ ɢɥɢ ɫɬɚɝɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɪɵɧɨɤ ɬɨ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɧɟ ɧɭɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ ȻɄȽ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
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Ɂɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɫɢ±ɬɟɦɩɵ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɬɟɦɩɵ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɟ
ɉɨ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɫɢ ɡɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɨɥɢ ɪɵɧɤɚ Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɈȾɊ ɪɚɜɧɨɟ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ ± ɪɵɧɨɱɧɵɟ ɥɢɞɟɪɵ±ɨɬ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ
Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɜ ɞɚɧɧɭɸ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦ ɢɫɤɨɦɭɸ
ɦɚɬɪɢɰɭ ɪɢɫ
ɌȿɆɉɕ |
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ɀɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ |
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ɊɈɋɌȺ |
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ɊɕɇɄȺ |
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©ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚª |
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©Ɂɜɟɡɞɚª |
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Ɏɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɟ |
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ɩɨɬɨɤɢ |
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©ɋɨɛɚɤɚª |
©Ⱦɨɣɧɚɹ ɤɨɪɨɜɚª |
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ɈɌɇɈɋɂ |
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ɌȿɅɖɇȺə |
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ȾɈɅə ɊɕɇɄȺ |
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Ɋɢɫ Ɇɚɬɪɢɰɚ Ȼɨɫɬɨɧɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ
ɋɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɬɨ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɢɡ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɳɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɦɚɪɤɟɬɢɧɝɚ
Ʉɚɠɞɚɹ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɸɬ ɜ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɟɦɩɨɦ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ ɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɨɥɟɣ ɪɵɧɤɚ ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɟ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɱɟɬɤɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɶ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɮɢɪɦɚ ȿɫɥɢ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɭɡɤɨ ɬɨ ɮɢɪɦɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɥɢɞɟɪɚ ɩɪɢ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɮɢɪɦɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɟɬɶ ɫɥɚɛɨɣ
Ƚɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɤɪɭɝɨɦ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɦɭɸ ɩɨ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɚɤɬɢɜɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɢ
ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɚ ɚɜɬɨɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ
ɪɢɫ
Ɍɚɤɨɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɜ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɟ ɩɪɨɫɥɟɠɢɜɚɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɀɟɥɚɟɦɚɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɚɹ ɫɦ ɪɢɫ ©ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚª o ©Ɂɜɟɡɞɚª o ©Ⱦɨɣɧɚɹ ɤɨɪɨɜɚª >ɢ ɟɫɥɢ ɧɟɢɡɛɟɠɧɨ@o©ɋɨɛɚɤɚª
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ɌȿɆɉ |
ȼ |
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Ɇɚɪɲɪɭɬ |
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ɇɨɜɵɣ |
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ɊɈɋɌȺ |
ɵ |
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ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬ |
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ɫ |
ʋ |
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ɊɕɇɄȺ |
ɨ |
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ɇɨɜɵɣ |
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ɤ |
Ɇɚɪɲɪɭɬ |
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ɢ |
ʋ |
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ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬ |
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ɣ |
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Ⱥɜɬɨɪɟ |
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ɇ |
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Ɇɚɪɲɪɭɬ |
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ɦɨɧɬɧɵɟ |
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ɢ |
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ɪɚɛɨɬɵ |
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ɡ |
ʋ |
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ɤ |
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ɢ |
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ɣ |
ȼɵɫɨɤɚɹ |
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ɇɢɡɤɚɹ |
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ɈɌɇɈɋɂɌȿɅɖɇȺə ȾɈɅəɊɕɇɄȺ |
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Ɋɢɫ Ɇɚɬɪɢɰɚ ȻɄȽ ɞɥɹ ɚɜɬɨɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ |
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Ɋɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɛɚɥɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɪɟɲɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɬɤɚɡ ɨɬ ɧɟɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ
ȼ ɢɞɟɚɥɟ ɫɛɚɥɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɧɨɦɟɧɤɥɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ
±ɬɨɜɚɪɚ©ɤɨɪɨɜɵª± ©ɡɜɟɡɞɵª
ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ©ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦªɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɡɚɞɟɥɚ ɧɚ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ©ɫɨɛɚɤª
ɉɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ȻɄȽ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɜɵɜɨɞɵɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɭɸ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɸ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɢɥɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ
ɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɢɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ ɪɟɧɬɚɛɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɟ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɹ Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ Ȼɨɫɬɨɧɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɩɨ
ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɸ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ȻɄȽ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɜ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɜɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ± ɪɨɫɬ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɢ
ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɨɥɹ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɪɨɫɬɚɩɨɡɢɰɢɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɢ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɨɜ ɪɵɧɤɚɢɝɧɨɪɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ
ɢɝɧɨɪɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɧɵɯ ɪɵɧɤɨɜɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ ɱɬɨ ɫɛɚɥɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ
ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɹ ɧɟ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɭɟɬ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɢɧɚ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɧɟ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɹɫɧɨ ɤɚɤ ɪɨɫɬ ɞɨɥɢ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ
ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ Ƚɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ ɨ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɨɥɟɣ
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ɪɵɧɤɚ ɢ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɦ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɚ ɥɢɲɶ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɨɩɵɬɧɨɣ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ ɬ ɟ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɜ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɯ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ
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Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ |
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ɉɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ Ȼɨɫɬɨɧɫɤɨɣ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ |
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ȼɢɞ |
ɉɪɢɛɵɥɶ |
Ⱦɟɧɟɠɧɵɟ |
ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ |
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ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ |
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ɩɨɬɨɤɢ |
ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ |
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©ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚª |
ɇɢɡɤɚɹ |
Ɉɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ |
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɫɦɨɠɟɬ ɥɢ |
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ɪɚɫɬɭɳɚɹ |
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ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɩɨɞɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ |
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ɧɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɚɹ |
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ɭɪɨɜɧɹ©ɡɜɟɡɞɵª" |
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©Ɂɜɟɡɞɚª |
ȼɵɫɨɤɚɹ |
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ |
ɂɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ |
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ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɚɹ |
ɧɭɥɟɜɵɟ |
ɪɨɫɬɚ |
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ɪɚɫɬɭɳɚɹ |
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©Ⱦɨɣɧɚɹ ɤɨɪɨɜɚª |
ȼɵɫɨɤɚɹ |
ɉɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ |
ɉɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ |
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ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɚɹ |
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɵɟ |
ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ |
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ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɢ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ |
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ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ |
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©ɋɨɛɚɤɚª |
ɇɢɡɤɚɹ |
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ |
Ʌɢɤɜɢɞɚɰɢɹ |
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ɧɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɚɹ |
ɧɭɥɟɜɵɟ |
ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ |
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Ȼɨɫɬɨɧɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɥɚ ɫɜɨɸ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɞɜɚ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹ
ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɹɱɢɫɥɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ
ɪɚɜɧɨ ɱɢɫɥɭ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ Ɋɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɬ ɧɢɯ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ɚ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɬɟɦ ɫɢɥɶɧɟɟ ɱɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ
ȼ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɟ ȻɄȽ ɜɫɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɟɥɹɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɜɢɞɚ
ɨɛɴɟɦɩɚɬ
ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɹɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ
Ⱦɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɜɨɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɹɦɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɨɪɦɨɣ ɞɨɯɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɣ ɢ ɞɨɥɟɣ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ
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Ɉɛɴɟɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɍ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɚɠɧɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɚ ɢ ɪɟɧɬɚɛɟɥɶɧɚ
Ⱦɥɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜ ɨɩɪɚɜɞɚɧɚ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɞɟɪɠɟɤ ɢ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɪɵɧɤɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ Ⱦɥɹ ɧɢɯ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɬɟɫɧɚɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɨɥɟɣ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɢ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɷɬɨ ɫɭɩɟɪɦɚɪɤɟɬɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɯ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɨɜ Ɉɩɵɬɧɚɹ ɤɪɢɜɚɹ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɪɹɦɨ ɜɥɢɹɬɶ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɸ ɮɢɪɦ ɜ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɯ Ⱦɪɭɝɨɣ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ±ɤɭɪɫ ɧɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɬ ɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ ɝɪɭɩɩɭ
ɉɚɬ ɛɟɫɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɍ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɧɨ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ ɬ ɟ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɧɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɨɩɵɬɧɚɹ ɤɪɢɜɚɹ ɧɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ȼɫɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɢ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɢɯ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɬɫɹ ɧɢɡɤɨɣ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɐɟɧɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɟɣ ȼ ɷɬɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɫɬɪɨɝɢɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɧɚɞ ɢɡɞɟɪɠɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɜɟɫɬɢ ɩɨɢɫɤ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ȼɫɹ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɤɚɡɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɬɹɠɟɥɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɱɟɪɧɚɹ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɭɪɝɢɹ ɭɝɨɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɜɵɯɨɞɨɦ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɱɟɪɧɚɹ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɭɪɝɢɹ ɫɬɪɟɦɢɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɣɬɢ ɤ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ
Ɏɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ Ʉ ɷɬɨɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɬɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɨɥɟɣ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɢ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɪɟɫɬɨɪɚɧɨɜ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɨɞɟɠɞɵ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɥɹ ɞɪɚɝɨɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɍ ɧɢɯ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ ɦɟɫɬɨɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɚ ɢ ɬ ɞ
Ɏɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɢɫɭɳɚ ɞɜɭɦ ɬɢɩɚɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɸɬ ɧɚɥɚɠɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɝɞɟ ɪɵɧɨɤ
ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɥɢɲɶ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɛɢɨɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ɫɜɟɪɯɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɟ ©ɩɨ ɡɚɤɚɡɭª ɢɧɠɢɧɢɪɢɧɝ ɤɨɧɫɚɥɬɢɧɝ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ©ɤɭɫɬɚɪɧɵɣªɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ
Ɏɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɟ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɟ ɗɬɨ ɫɮɟɪɚ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɥɹ ɢ ɫɛɵɬ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɜɵɩɭɫɤ ɬɟɥɟɜɢɡɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ
ȼɨ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɯ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɯ ɝɞɟ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɥɤɢɯ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɣ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɡɚ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɟ ɞɨɥɢ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ
ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ Ɂɞɟɫɶ ɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɜɚ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ Ɏɢɪɦɵ ɫɬɚɪɚɸɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɸ ɧɚ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ ɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɹɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɞɨɛɢɜɚɹɫɶ ɩɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɹɯ ɞɢɡɚɣɧ ɚɤɫɟɫɫɭɚɪɵ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɚ ɢ ɬ ɞ Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ
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ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ ɦɨɬɨɪ ɤɨɪɨɛɤɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱ ɢ ɬ ɩ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɫɛɨɪɤɢ ɢ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɰɢɹ ɞɢɡɚɣɧɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ ɟɝɨ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɛɵɬɚ ɦɚɪɤɟɬɢɧɝɚ ɋɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɯ ɮɢɪɦɵ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɧɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɭɫɩɟɯ ɮɢɪɦɵ ɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ ȼ ɷɬɢɯ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɯ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜɵɩɭɫɤ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɟɫɬɢɠɧɵɯ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟɣ0HUFHGHVɮɢɪɦɨɣ'DLPOHU &KU\VOHU
ɉɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɦɚɹ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɟ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ Ɉɧɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɪɵɧɤɟ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɩɨɞɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹɦɢ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɢɡɤɢɯ ɢɡɞɟɪɠɟɤ
Ⱦɪɭɝɚɹ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɜɲɚɹ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ©ɷɤɪɚɧ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚª ɛɵɥɚ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɚ ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣ 0F.LQFH\ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɫ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɰɢɟɣ *HQHUDO (OHFWULF Ɉɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɞɨɥɝɨɫɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɢ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ
Ɇɚɬɪɢɰɚ 0F.LQFH\ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɱɟɦ Ȼɨɫɬɨɧɫɤɚɹ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɚ Ɏɚɤɬɨɪ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɥɫɹ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɜ ɦɧɨɝɨɮɚɤɬɨɪɧɨɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ©ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢª ɚ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɞɨɥɢ ɪɵɧɤɚ ± ɜ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ
ɗɬɚɩɵ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ0F.LQFH\ ± *HQHUDO (OHFWULFɈɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɵ ɚ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ±ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ
Ɏɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɝɨɬɟɦɩɵ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɪɵɧɤɚɝɟɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɪɵɧɤɚ
ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚ ɰɟɧ ɜ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢɰɢɤɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɞɚɠ
ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɪɵɧɤɟɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɬɨɜɚɪɚɦ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɹɦɛɚɪɶɟɪɵ ɜɯɨɞɚ ɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɢɡ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ
ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɜɨɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɪɟɧɬɚɛɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɜɵɯ ɡɚɬɪɚɬɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ
ɛ ɩɪɢɫɜɨɢɬɶ ɜɟɫ ɤɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɫɜɟɬɟ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɜɟɫɨɜ ɪɚɜɧɚ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɟ
ɜ ɞɚɬɶ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɩɨ ɤɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɢɡ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɨɬ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵɧɟɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɞɨ ɩɹɬɢ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ
ɝ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɜɡɜɟɲɟɧɧɭɸ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɵɧɤɚ Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɦɧɨɠɢɬɶ ɜɟɫ ɧɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɢ ɩɪɨɫɭɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ
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Ɋɟɣɬɢɧɝɢ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɪɚɧɠɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ± ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɢɡɤɚɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɫɥɚɛɵɟ ɞɨ ɩɹɬɢ±ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɫɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɚɹ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ©ɬɪɢªɜɵɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ
Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɭɸ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɚ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ±ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ
Ɏɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵɞɨɥɹ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɟɣɬɟɦɩɵ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɚɫɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬɚɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɚɪɤɟɬɢɧɝɚɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɮɢɪɦɵɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɮɢɪɦɵɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚɢɦɢɞɠ ɮɢɪɦɵ
ɛ ɩɪɢɫɜɨɢɬɶ ɜɟɫ ɤɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɭ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɜɟɫɨɜ ɪɚɜɧɚ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɟ ɜ ɞɚɬɶ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɩɨ ɤɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɢɡ
ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɨɬ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɞɨ ɩɹɬɢ ɝ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɜɡɜɟɲɟɧɧɭɸ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ
ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵȼɫɟ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɹ ɩɪɨɪɚɧɠɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ
ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɯ ɷɬɚɩɚɯ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɜɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɭ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɨɤɪɭɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɸɬ ɫ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɧɚ ɷɬɚɩɚɯ ɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ
ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɭɝɥɨɜɵɯ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɧɬɚɯ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ ɉɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɵɟ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɬɪɭɞɧɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɧɢɡɤɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɨɣ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɥɢɛɨ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɟ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹɦ ɉɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɚɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɹ ɪɢɫ
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɵɦ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɟɝɨ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɟɰɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɟ Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɭɟɦɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɧɚ ɛɭɞɭɳɭɸ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɢ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɭɸ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ
Ɇɟɧɟɞɠɟɪɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɨɧɹɬɶ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɣɞɟɬ ɥɢ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɭɯɭɞɲɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɹ ɜ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɦ" ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɥɢ ɪɚɡɪɵɜ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɭɟɦɵɦ ɢ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɵɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦ" ȿɫɥɢ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɟɧ ɬɨ ɨɠɢɞɚɟɦɵɣ ɪɚɡɪɵɜ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɥɭɠɢɬɶ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɫɦɨɬɪɚ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɦɢɫɫɢɢ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɣ
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ɉɊɂȼɅȿɄȺ |
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ɌȿɅɖɇɈɋɌɖ |
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ɈɌɊȺɋɅɂ |
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ɋɟɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ |
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ɧɢɡɤɚɹ |
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ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ |
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ɧɢɡɤɚɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ
ɄɈɇɄɍɊȿɇɌɈɋɉɈɋɈȻɇɈɋɌɖ
Ɋɢɫ Ɇɚɬɪɢɰɚ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ 0F.LQFH\ ± *HQHUDO (OHFWULF
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɚɥɶɬɟɪɧɚɬɢɜɵ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ ɢ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɡɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦ
ɪɵɧɤɚ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɦɨɣ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɫɦɟɳɚɹɫɶ ɩɨ
ɦɚɬɪɢɰɟ ɜɩɪɚɜɨ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɭɬɟɪɹɧɧɭɸ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ Ɍɚɤɚɹ
ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɬɪɭɞɧɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɚ ɟɫɥɢ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɫɥɚɛɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ
ɫɧɢɡɢɬɶ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɣ ɫ ɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɢɟɦ ©ɫɨɛɪɚɬɶ ɭɪɨɠɚɣª ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ
ɞɟɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɭɣɬɢ ɫ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɢɡ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɫ ɧɢɡɤɨɣ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɝɞɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɞɨɛɢɬɶɫɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ
ɉɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɱɟɪɬɵ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ0F.LQFH\ *HQHUDO (OHFWULF
ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɜɵɜɨɞɵ ɨ ɩɨɪɬɮɟɥɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɝɢɛɤɨɫɬɶɸ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɸɬɫɹ ɢɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ
Ɉɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɱɟɪɬɵ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ0F.LQFH\ *HQHUDO (OHFWULF
ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɬɨɤɚɦɢ
ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɵ ɧɚ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɰɟɧɤɚɯɬɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɢ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚ ɪɵɧɤɚɫɬɚɬɢɱɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ
ɨɛɳɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɣ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɣ ɢɡ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɜ
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