- •Contents
- •I. Selling
- •IV. Read the text again and answer the following questions.
- •§1 Quick, §2 path, §3 probable, §5 persuade, §7 discouraging.
- •If you fail to follow up an initial contact …………
- •If you are going to do the selling and it has not been your job previously it is vital ……….
- •If the goods are going to be late …………
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Commerce
- •§1Unprocessed, §2substitute, §3empower, §4obtain, include; §7consist; amount
- •6. Banks assist commerce by providing businessmen ………….. .
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Consumer Goods
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Pricing And Sales
- •VI. Find the equivalents of these Russian words and phrases in the text.
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Pricing strategies:
- •How to Set a Price
- •II. Read and decide whether these statements are true (t) or false (f).
- •III. Now read the text and check your answers to the statements from ex. II.
- •§2 Computation, §3 cost, §5 purchaser, §7 maintain, §5 resources
- •5. Some people use the level of costs as a way of……… .
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Modern-day Retailing
- •§1 Intend, §2 supply, §3 range, §5 realize, §6 equipment.
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Wholesale Trade
- •III. Now read the text and check your answers to the statements from ex. II.
- •§1 A person who buys in bulk, §1 luggage compartment, §2 multiple store, §3dispenser, §3 tradesman, §3 producer, §4 storehouse, §5 assortment of goods
- •2. Firms engaged in large-scale retail trade is large enough …………………. .
- •3. The wholesalers reduce the number of parcels ……………………… .
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Credit Sales
- •III. Now read the text and check your answers to the statements from ex. II.
- •1. In order to encourage retailers to………… a wholesaler may offer a cash discount.
- •III. Now read the text and check your answers to the statements from ex. II.
- •§1 Preparations, §2 mediators, §3 at the same time, §4 relations, §7 peculiarity,
- •§8 Decrease
- •Intermediaries (stockbrokers) who transact business …………… .
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •The Role of the Market
- •III. Now read the text and check your answers to the statements from ex. II.
- •§2 Domestic; use §3 work §5 offer; temporary; senior managers §6 shortage
- •2. The low hamburger price was a good way to satisfy your appetite………. .
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Marketing and Promotion
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Trade Restrictions
- •III. Now read the text and check your answers to the statements from ex. II.
- •§1 Newborn, §2 restricted, §3 obligatory, §4 precise, §5 free from
- •If an industry is just starting up (when it is called an infant industry) the government may help it because ………….. .
- •If tariffs only apply to certain goods of certain countries, …………. .
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Sales Jobs
- •§1 Main, §3 profitable, §3 to increase, §3 to underline, §4 to debate
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •XI.Paraphrase the following phrases in italics using the expressions from ex. X.
- •References
§1 Preparations, §2 mediators, §3 at the same time, §4 relations, §7 peculiarity,
§8 Decrease
Find the definitions of these words and phrases in the text.
1. a person who purchases goods
2. to offer (an amount) in attempting to buy something
3. the sum in money or goods for which anything is or may be bought or sold
5. the amount of a commodity that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a specified price
6. the amount of a commodity that producers are willing and able to offer for sale at a specified price
Look for details in the text and choose the proper option.
A market is a set of arrangements by which buyers and sellers are in contact ………… .
to see each other
to fight with each other
to exchange goods or services
Intermediaries (stockbrokers) who transact business …………… .
on behalf of clients
themselves
on behalf of customers
Markets determine prices that ensure that the quantity people wish to buy
equals …… .
the quantity people wish to sell
the quantity people wish to negotiate
the number people don’t wish to sell
Demand describes ……………. at every price.
the position of a product
the behaviour of sellers
the behaviour of buyers
Higher tickets prices will reduce …………….. .
the quantity demanded
the quantity supplied
the quantity sold
Which of the three is the key message of the text?
Markets determine prices that ensure that the quantity people wish to buy equals the quantity people wish to sell.
The prices in the market guide society in choosing what, how, and for whom to purchase.
Demand describes the behaviour of buyers at every price. The term ‘quantity demanded’ makes sense only in relation to a particular price. A similar distinction applies to supply and quantity supplied.
Vocabulary Focus
Fill in the table with the missing derivatives from the text.
Nouns |
Verbs |
Adjectives/Adverbs |
|
supply |
|
demand |
|
|
|
reduction |
|
|
|
distinct |
charge |
|
|
|
exceed |
|
|
|
simultaneous |
|
|
intermediate |
equality |
|
|
|
arrange |
|
Match the halves of the phrases.
1) to guide 2) a set of 3) to be in contact 4) to operate chiefly 5) to take 6) to equal 7) ten times 8) to study 9) to purchase 10) to get 11) to set |
a) resource allocation b) into the ground c) through intermediaries d) at each and every price e) to exchange goods or services f) the price g) a passive role h) the interaction of these forces i) the quantity people j) an upper limit on k) arrangements |
Paraphrase the following phrases in italics using the expressions from ex. X.
1. Buyers and sellers are going to replace goods or services.
2. Antique auctions force buyers to bid against each other with the seller stepping aside.
3. Buyers wish to give any possible charge.
4. He is looking for a vacant spot in the ground.
5. We defined markets as a range of preparations through which prices guide resource allocation.
A springboard for discussion
Answer the following questions about the market that you know or would like to work for:
What competitors are there in the market?
Is competition in the market strong?
Who is the market leader?
Who are the key players?
Who mainly makes up the competition from the market leader’s point of view?
If one competitor increases its market share can the others keep their market share at the same level?