Keys to training exercises

TM FIT 1-20

I. Give synonyms and/or antonyms:

1. to deny access	to restrict access, to refuse access, ant. to certify access, to permit access
2. to assemble	to put together, ant. to take apart, to disassemble
3. available data	accessible data, ant. unavailable data
4. alias	nick, pseudonym, ant. real name
5. background	ant. foreground

II. Word family. Fill in the missing words of the same root where possible:

noun	verb	adjective	adverb
access	-	accessible	-
adaptation/ adapter	to adapt	adaptable/ adaptive	-
alternation	to alternate	alternate	alternatively
authentication	to authenticate	authenticated	-
availability	to avail	available	-

III. Make up phrases by matching the words in the left column with those in the right:

1. to certify B	A. code
2. alternate C	B. access
3. auxiliary E	C. route
4. bar A	D. name
5. account D	E. memory

IV. Fill the web diagram with the words that can be used with the given word:

ACCESS - to certify, to restrict, to deny, to permit, to obtain, authorized, channel, data, direct, fast, information, network, one-touch, random access.

VI. Do a mini-research and classify the types of memory:

AROM, auxiliary memory, available memory, buffer memory, RAM, ROM, etc.

VII. Match the given terms with their definitions:

1. bar code C	A. a function to level/straighten the text
2. available data E	B. an alternative name, nick
3. alignment A	C. a line coding given to products to encrypt information about them
4. alias B	D. a program which adds additional features to the main program
5. accessory D	E. information which a user can access

VIII. State the type of logical relations between the following words:

Example	Type of logical relations
1. to deny access - to permit access C	A. general and specific
2. device - auxiliary device A	B. cause and effect
3. backup copy - available data B	C. contrast
4. account – account name E	D. method and purpose
5. identification – bar code D	E. part and whole

IX. Say what can be:

1. adapted	program, any equipment, bus, channels, colors, communication line, disk
2. amplified	memory, signal, sound, buffer, electric current (power), driver
3. allocated	memory, disk capacity, channels, recourses, processor, space, storage, time
4. assembled	computer, any equipment, packets
5. authenticated	data, password, response, message, signature

X. Say what the following is used for:

1. account name	to identify the user
2. alignment	to level, straighten the text/picture
3. auxiliary memory	to store auxiliary programs/data
4. backup copy	not to lose the file/data
5. alias	to enter programs, to use data

TM FIT 21-40

I. Give synonyms and/or antonyms:

1. binary	2 digit, ant. decimal
2. blank	empty, erased, unformatted, space, ant. full, recorded
3. bottom-up programming	ant. top-down programming
4. bug	error, defect, breakage, ant. fixed, debugged, bug-ridden
5. case-insensitive	ant. case-sensitive

II. Decode the acronyms:

1. CD-ROM	compact disk read only memory
2. CD-E	compact disk erasable
3. CD-R	compact disk recordable
4. CD-RW	compact disk rewritable
5. AROM	alterable read only memory

III. Word family. Fill in the missing words of the same root where possible:

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
blank	-	blank	blankly
browser	to browse	-	-
bug	-	buggy	-
buffer	to buffer	buffer	-
sensitivity	to sense	sensitive	sensitively

IV. Make up phrases by matching the words in the left column with those in the right:

1. batch C	A. card
2. bit E	B. click
3. button B	C. file
4. cache A	D. address
5. call D	E. density

VI. Do a mini-research and explain the difference between:

1. bottom-up programming – top down programming	A method of working out a program from modules to result. A method when you first make a frame and then fill it with parts of the program.
2. break out – break in – break down	When you interrupt the program work and stop working with it; when smb crashes your security system; when a computer can’t work and needs repair.
3. buggy hardware – buggy software	Hardware (equipment) that doesn’t work (properly); programs with errors that don’t function properly.
4. byte – gigabyte – kilobyte - megabyte	Byte – a unit of information and memory, 8 bits; kilobyte – 1024 bytes; megabyte – 1048576 bytes; gigabyte – 1024 megabytes.
5. case sensitive – case insensitive	Differentiates capital and small letters – does not.

VII. Match the given terms with their definitions:

1. binary code D	A. a place where the copied or cut information is temporarily stored
2. byte G	B. unformatted disk or a disk without recorded data
3. buffer A	C. a disk for uploading
4. buggy hardware F	D. a system of encoding information with the help of Os and Is
5. blank disk B	E. to get the access to computer system illegally
6. boot disk C	F. a device that doesn’t work because of defects or spoilage
7. break in E	G. the unit of information measurement

VIII. Say what the following is used for:

1. binary code	programming, entering data
2. blank disk	recording data
3. build-in modem	connection to the Internet
4. cable connection	to connect computer peripherals, etc.
5. call address	to find data, programs

IX. Say when and why people do the following:

1. break in	to get smb’s data, information, programs, money illegally
2. break out	to finish work with one program and start with another
3. browse	to get information
4. broadcast	to send smb. information, images, etc.
5. bottom-up programming	to make a program

X. Name the kinds of compact disks:

CD-E, CD-R, CD-RW, CD-ROM, CD-I, CD-PROM, CD-ROM XA, CD-V, CD-WO, CD-WORM.

TM FIT 41-60

I. Give synonyms and/or antonyms:

1. certified	allowed, permitted, ant. uncertified, denied, illegal
2. compatible	ant. incompatible
3. connection	link, switching, ant. disconnection
4. data verification	control, check, authentication, validation
5. data retrieval	selection/search from database

II. Word family. Fill in the missing words of the same root where possible:

noun	verb	adjective	adverb
character	to characterise	characteristic	-
compatibility	-	compatible	-
computer/ computation	to compute/ computerize	computable/ computerized	-
customer	to customize	customized	-
deletion	to delete	deleted	-

III. Make up phrases by matching the words in the left column with those in the right:

1. copyright C	A. key
2. cursor A	B. drive
3. default D	C. law
4. disk B	D. option
5. display E	E. mode

IV. Fill the web diagram with the words that can be used with the given word: DATA

Accessibility, bank, base, authentication, collection, compression, corruption, entry, processing, integrity, management, output, mining, security, specification, transfer, retrieval, transmission, validation, verification, etc.

VII. Match the given terms with their definitions:

1. to compute E	A. to destroy, erase
2. to disconnect G	B. number, figure
3. to customize D	C. searching and selection of information in a computer
4. to delete A	D. to tune, set for the user’s needs
5. digit B	E. to count, calculate
6. data retrieval C	F. a parameter which is pre-installed and not specially set
7. default option F	G. to separate, break

VIII. State the type of logical relations between the following words:

Example	Type of logical relations
1. word – character E	A. equivalence
2. buggy software – incompatibility C	B. general and specific
3. mode – display mode B	C. cause and effect
4. to compute – co calculate A	D. contrast
5. copyright – copyleft D	E. part and whole

IX. Say what can be:

1. connected	computer and peripherals, computer to network, to the Internet, etc.
2. customized	any equipment, program, OS
3. deleted	information, data, file, folder, program
4. computed	data, figures
5. verified	data, information, password, command

X. Say what the following is used for:

1. default option	to use the commonly used options without tuning
2. device adapter	to make a device compatible
3. digital camera	to make pictures/films in the digital format
4. data retrieval	to find the necessary data
5. DVD	for storing digital video

TM FIT 61-80

I. Give synonyms and/or antonyms:

1. downtime	offwork time/period, ant. uptime
2. to drop	delete, erase a program from memory, ant. to download
3. to enhance	to upgrade, to better, ant. to worsen , to spoil, to bug
4. to erase	to delete, to destroy, ant. to restore
5. error-prone	subject to errors, buggy, ant. error-free

II. Word family. Fill in the missing words of the same root where possible:

noun	verb	adjective	adverb
enhancement	to enhance	enhanced	-
eraser/ erasure	to erase	erasable	-
expansion	to expand	expanded/ expandable	-
edit/ editor/ editing/ edition/ editorial	to edit	editorial/ edited	-
extension, extender	to extend	extended/ extendable	-

III. Make up phrases by matching the words in the left column with those in the right:

1. domain B	A. tolerant
2. error D	B. name
3. fault A	C. bar
4. file E	D. log
5. format C	E. handling

IV. Fill the web diagram with the words that can be used with the given word: ERROR

Analysis, correction, detection, handling, error-free, error-log, error-prone, common, constant, correctable, data, fatal, file, input, logical, program error.

VI. Give the terms suiting the definitions below:

1. uptime	A. the time of the work of the system
2. to enhance	B. to improve, make better
3. fault	C. mistake, defect
4. freeware	D. a free program
5. to expand, extend	E. to enlarge, increase

VIII. State the type of logical relations between the following words:

Example	Type of logical relations
1. downtime – uptime C	A. general and specific
2. error detection – error correction B	B. cause and effect
3. domain – domain name E	C. contrast
3. to expand – to extend D	D. equivalence
4. handling – file handling A	E. part and whole

IX. Say what can be:

1. dropped	program, digits, bit
2. enhanced	computer, contrast, image, speed
3. expanded	abbreviation, character, memory, system
4. folded	paper, data, lines
5. edited	text, file, program, etc.

X. Why do you think the following is done:

1. error detection	to keep the program working
2. feedback	to know what the users think about the program/OS, to have interaction between programs, computers (internet), computer and user
3. file handling	to analyze the files, to find, index, classify, copy files
4. text editing	to format the text, to correct the mistakes, to make changes
5. file erasing	to get rid of unnecessary/outdated files

TM FIT 81-100

I. Give synonyms and/or antonyms:

1. hard	firm, solid; difficult, ant. soft, easy
2. input	contribution, participation, ant. output
3. invalid	unacceptable; untrue, ant. valid
4. download	load, charge, ant. upload
5. log in	log on, register in, record in, ant. log off; log out

II. Word family. Fill in the missing words of the same root where possible:

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
link/ linkage/ linker/ linking	to link	linkable	-----
load/ loading/ loader	to load	loadable/ loaded	-----
maintenance	to maintain	maintainable	-----
monitor	to monitor	monitorial/ monitory	-----

III. Make up phrases by matching the words in the left column with those in the right:

1. hard D	A. distortion
2. image A	B. delivery
3. invalid E	C. guide
4. message B	D. copy
5. maintenance C	E. password

IV. Fill the web diagram with the words that can be used with the given word:

MEMORY - blank, allocation, chip, cell, error, ROM, expansion card, size, unit, upgrade.

VI. Do a mini-research and explain the difference between:

1. hard copy - backup copy - soft copy - master copy	Hard-/soft copy – forms of data representation Backup-/master copy – forms of keeping information Hard copy – information printed out on paper from a computer. Soft copy – electronic form of keeping information in computer, CD etc. Master copy – an original sample from which copies are made. Backup copy – reserve copy made to restore deleted/unkept data/information
2. input - output	Input- information that is put into a system (or machine) so it can operate Output – information produced by a computer
3. laptop – notebook - palmtop	Laptop – large portable, can be rested on user’s lap. Notebook’s size is one of a sheet of notebook paper. Palmtop – a small computer that can be held in the palm of one hand.
4. to reload – unload – download - upload	To reload – to put data or a program into a memory of a computer again. To unload – to take smth. (disk or a tape) off or out a computer. To download – to copy or move (data or program) into a computer memory, esp. from a larger computer; to copy information from Internet. To upload – to copy or move (program or information) into a main system (or a larger computer)
5. log in - log off	To log in – to perform the actions that allow you to start using a computer. To perform actions that allow you to finish using a computer.

VIII. State the type of logical relations between the following words:

Example	Type of logical relations
1. input – processing C	A. part and whole
2. monitor – computer A	B. general and specific
3. computer- notebook B	C. cause and effect
4. junk mail – spam E	D. contrast
4. input – output D	E. equivalence

IX. Say what the following is used for:

1. hard copy	to have information printed out on paper so that to read it
2. keyboard	to input data through keys (as a typewriter does)
3. log in	to perform the actions that allow you to start using a computer system (to gain access to a computer system requiring user identification prior to access).
4. master copy	the original sample to make copies from
5. ROM	for reading data only (content can not be changed)

X. Say what can be:

1. input	data, error, channel, alphabet, block, box, equipment, data processor, area
2. uploaded	program, information, data, files, games, system
3. downloaded	data, program, free software, files, music
4. maintained	command, program, contact-switch, contact type button, wave, user
5. monitored	program, storage, scheme, performance

TM FIT 101-120

I. Give synonyms and/or antonyms:

1. offline mode	online mode
2. to paste	to insert, ant. to cut
3. real memory	ant. virtual memory, RAM
4. recoverable error	ant. irrecoverable error
5. print out	hard copy, ant. soft copy

II. Word family. Fill in the missing words of the same root where possible:

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
printer/ print	to print	printed	-
program/ programmer	to program	programmable/ programming/ programmed	-
recovery	to recover	ir/recoverable	-
reflection/ reflector	reflect	reflected	-
reference	refer	referred	-

III. Make up phrases by matching the words in the left column with those in the right:

1. mouse C	A. mode
2. network E	B. database
3. offline A	C. pad
4. programmable B	D. memory
5. real D	E. access

IV. Fill the web diagram with the words that can be used with the given word:

POWER - cable, line, supply, point, connector, cut, consumption, failure.

VI. Do a mini-research and explain the difference between:

1. online mode – offline mode	Online is working in real time; under the control of the main equipment; in the Internet. Offline is working independently from the main equipment.
2. impact printer – non-impact printer	Non-impact is a printer that prints without striking the paper; for example, a laser printer, thermal or an inkjet printer. Non-impact printers are quieter than impact printers, such as dot matrix printer.
3. print out – hard copy	Print out – material produced in printed form Hard copy – printed material produced by a computer
4. real memory - ROM	Real memory may include RAM or ROM or their combination

VII. Give the definitions suiting the terms below:

1. netiquette	A. The rules of behaviour in network.
2. peripheral device	B. Device located not on the motherboard
3. programmable database	C. Software-controlled database
4. queue	D. List of the programs expecting their execution
5. recoverable error	E. Error which can be corrected.

VIII. State the type of logical relations between the following words:

Example	Type of logical relations
1. computer – mouse A	A. part and whole
2. error correction – recovery C	B. general and specific
3. online mode – offline mode D	C. cause and effect
4. reference guide – manual E	D. contrast
5. language – netspeak B	E. equivalence

IX. Say what can be:

1. pasted	file, folder, text, image, object
2. printed	circuit, text, picture
3. programmed	database, ROM, device
4. recovered	file, error, system
5. referred to	site, file, directory

X. Name the kinds of printers:

Ball printer, daisywheel printer, line printer, matrix printer, non-impact printer, bubble-jet printer, laser printer, chain printer, thermal, dot matrix printer, inkjet printer.

TM FIT 121-140

I. Give synonyms and/or antonyms:

1. to release	set free, ant. to press
2. to remove	to delete, change place
3. to scale back	to scale down, zoom out, ant. zoom in
4. to scan	to search, look through
5. security	safety, defense

II. Word family. Fill in the missing words of the same root where possible:

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
removal	to re/move	removed/ removable	-
re/placement	to replace	replaceable	-
selection	to select	selective/ selected	selectively
serviceability/ service	to serve	serviceable	-
reserve	to reserve	reserved	-

III. Make up phrases by matching the words in the left column with those in the right:

1. restricted E	A. border
2. root D	B. browsing
3. screen A	C. environment
4. service C	D. directory
5. server B	E. information

IV. Fill the web diagram with the words that can be used with the given word:

SEARCH - area, criterion, engine, key, time.

VI. Do a mini-research and explain the meaning of the following words beginning with re-:

1. remove	abolish or get rid, take off or away from the position occupied
2. replace	take the place of, provide a substitute for, put back on a previous place or position
3. release	allow information to be generally available, allow to move or flow freely
4. restore	repair or renovate, bring back
5. restrict	put a limit on

VII. Give the definitions suiting the terms below:

1. register	A. very-high-speed memory device in CPU
2. remote access	B. using remote sources as local
3. to scale back	C. proportional change of size
4. screen saver	D. program for protection of the screen
5. search engine	E. service of some sites and net portals to search information, special search sites

VIII. State the type of logical relations between the following words:

Example	Type of logical relations
1. remove – replace E	A. part and whole
2. periphery – scanner B	B. general and specific
3. Internet – search engine A	C. cause and effect
4. restricted information - security C	D. contrast
5. press a button – release a button D	E. equivalence

IX. Say what can be:

1. released	button, source, program,
2. removed	file, text, picture, icon
3. replaced	object, file, filename, icon
4. restored	system, error, program, file
5. scanned	disk, text, file, picture

X. Say what the following is used for:

1. release	for calling a method; button release is one of events which can call program method execution.
2. route	for sending information through it
3. scale	for not distorting image by changing its size
4. security	for saving, protecting information
5. restriction of information	for saving private information from thieves

TM FIT 141-160

I. Give synonyms and/or antonyms:

1. shut down	close, terminate, ant. open
2. soft copy	ant. print out, hard copy
3. bootleg software	pirate software
4. set	kit; choice; group
5. to surf	to browse

II. Word family. Fill in the missing words of the same root where possible:

noun	verb	adjective	adverb
share	to share	shared	-
signature	to sign	signed	-
specification/ specifier	to specify	specific/ specified	specifically
storage	to store	stored/ storing	-
suspension, suspenders	to suspend	suspended/ suspendable	-

III. Make up phrases by matching the words in the left column with those in the right:

1. session B	A. area
2. software D	B. highjacking
3. shadow E	C. mode
4. storage A	D. maintenance
5. suspend C	E. memory

IV. Fill the web diagram with the words that can be used with the given word:

SOFTWARE - compatible, products, data, vendor, development, bootleg, license, maintenance, package, piracy, platform.

VI. Do a mini-research and explain the difference between:

1. hard copy – soft copy – master copy	Soft copy is a digital version of information and hard copy is a printed version. Master copy is a template or original copy.
2. shareware – freeware – pirate software	Shareware is software which is free but you are expected to pay a shareware fee. Freeware is gratis software. Pirate software is software which is used with defiance of the copyright.
3. target language – programming language	Target language is the language that is output when a source(programming) language is translated; also called object language.
4. settings - setup	Settings are the parameters set. Setup is the way in which something is arranged or organized.

VII. Match the given terms with their definitions:

1. settings B	A. a combination of keys for quick work
2. shareware F	B. parameters
3. shortcut A	C. a program which is distributed without the compliance with the copyright law
4. shut down G	D. an image on the screen
5. soft copy D	E. interval
6. bootleg software C	F. programs that are distributed free for users to try them
7. space E	G. completion of the computer work

IX. Say what can be:

1. switched	switchgear, computer, device, equipment
2. specified	account, period, information
3. shifted	bit
4. shared	source, printer, information

X. Say what the following is used for:

1. session log	for identifying network users
2. silicon chip	for making CPU
3. task bar	for watching which programs are running and quick switching between them
4. settings	to customizing environment
5. signature	for certifying access

TM FIT 161-180

I. Give synonyms and/or antonyms:

1. template	copy, sample
2. to terminate	to shut down, ant. to start
3. tool bar	tool box
4. to tune	to adjust
5. tracking	monitoring

II. Word family. Fill in the missing words of the same root:

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
terminal/ terminator/ termination	to terminate	terminal	-
trail/ trailer	to trail	trailing	-
update	to update	updated/ updatable	-
transmission/ transmitter	to transmit	transmittable/ transmission	-
transaction	to transact	transactional	transactionally

III. Make up phrases by matching the words in the left column with those in the right:

1. throughout B	A. period
2. tool D	B. capacity
3. trial A	C. face
4. turnkey E	D. bar
5. type C	E. system

IV. Fill the web diagram with the words that can be used with the given word:

TRANSFER - error, unit, time, rate.

VI. Give the terms suiting the definitions below:

1. to telecommute	A. to work at home with the help of computer connection with the office
2. terminate	B. to end, stop
3. to transmit	C. to convey from one place to another
4. to upgrade	D. to adapt to the prevailing conditions
5. to tune	E. to fit into current systems

VIII. State the type of logical relations between the following words:

Example	Type of logical relations
1. to work – to telecommute A	A. general and specific
2. to terminate – to start D	B. equivalence
3. tracking – monitoring B	C. part and whole
4. transceiver – transmitter C	D. contrast

IX. Say what can be:

1. terminated	process, program, access
2. tracked	information, object
3. transferred	file, information, data, image
4. updated	information, web page, system, software
5. turned off	computer, printer, device

X. Say when and why people do the following:

1. telecommute	to communicate fast, to work at home
2. transaction processing	to send and retrieve information
3. troubleshooting	to prevent runtime errors
4. upgrade	to increase capacity
5. tune	to customize developers’ environment according to their requirements

TM FIT 181-200

I. Give synonyms and/or antonyms:

1. usable	fit, suitable, ant. unsuitable
2. to verify	to validate
3. virtual	unreal, ant. real
4. to zoom	to scale
5. valid	actual, effective, right, ant. invalid, wrong

II. Decode the acronyms:

1. WWW	World Wide Web
2. ASAP	As Soon As Possible
3. ASCII	American Standard Code for Information Interchange
4. CUL8R	see you later
5. VR	Virtual Reality

III. Word family. Fill in the missing words of the same root where possible:

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
user/ usage	to use	usable/ used	-
validation/ validity	to validate	in/valid	-
verification	to verify	verified/ verifiable	-
vision/ visibility/ visualization	to visualize	visible/ visual	visibly/ visually
volatility	-	volatile	-

IV. Fill the web diagram with the words that can be used with the given word:

USER - default, power account, base, id, login, interface, manual, guide, policy, profile, wizards, mode.

VI. Do a mini-research and explain the difference between:

1. end-user – power user	Power user is an experienced, skilled user. End user is a user for whom smth. is worked out.
2. to verify – to validate	to verify is to check or confirm; to validate is to show that something is reasonable or logistic.
3. WWW – the Internet	WWW is global hyperlink system using Internet as a transport facility.
4. workstation – supercomputer	Workstation is a one-person computer that is more powerful and faster than most personal computers, and is typically used for graphics, scientific computing, but its capacity is less than supercomputers capacity, which is used for computing a big number of information.

VII. Give the definitions suiting the given terms:

1. power user	A. an experienced, skilled user
2. volatility	B. dependency from power supply
3. wait mode	C. the Condition, in which computer at idle time consumes electric powers less, but keeps open for immediate using.
4. workstation	D. A one-person computer that is more powerful and faster than most personal computers, and is typically used for graphics, scientific computing, CAD, CAE, and other applications requiring high performance and memory
5. validation	E. checking data

IX. Say what can be:

1. valid	password, data, login
2. verified	data, password
3. zoomed	document, image
4. volatile	memory, object
5. wrapped	word, text

X. Say what the following is used for:

1. virtual mall	to order goods via Internet
2. virus detection system	to prevent harm from virus
3. voice mail – answering machine	to answer voice mailbox without addressee
4. user-friendly interface	to make the means of communication easy to use
5. user manual	to solve problems with the help of program

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