Summary
Words identical in sound form and in spelling but different in meaning are called homonyms.
There are three types of homonyms: lexical, lexico-grammatical and grammatical.
If the words have identical grammatical meaning and identical paradigm but are different in lexical meaning we speak about lexical homonyms.
If the words have different grammatical meaning, different paradigm and different lexical meaning we speak about lexico-grammatical homonyms.This group may be divided into two subgroups: full lexico-grammatical homonyms and partial lexico-grammatical homonyms.
If words are identical in sound and lexical meaning but have different grammatical meaning we speak about grammatical homonyms.
Words of the same sound but of different spelling and meaning are called homophones.
Words identical in spelling but different in sound and meaning are called homographs.
Exercises on homonyms
Ex.1.Study the following words and analyse them semantically.
1.
Angle n. (1)– 1.угол, 2. точка зрения, 3.угольник, угломер
angle; v. –(2) 1.двигаться под углом
angle n.- (3)-1.рыболовный крючок
angle v. – (4)-1.удить рыбу на удочку
2.
light n – (1)1.свет, 2. источник света, лампа, 3.аспект, вид
light adj- (2)1.светлый
light – v. (3)-1.зажигать, 2.светить,3. освещать , озарять
light – adj-(4)-1.легкий, нетяжелый 2.легкомысленный
light –adv.(5)-1.легко proverb: light come light go
light v. (6)-1.неожиданно наткнуться,2. счастливо отделаться
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3. might n. (1) –1. Могущество, мощь might p.p. of may.(2)
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4. bit n.(1) – a small piece bit v (2) - bite, bit, bit
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5. for – prep (1) for – conj (2) 6. before – prep (1)- before – adv (2) before – conj (3) |
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10. find v. – found, found found v. – founded, founded 11. rose n. – роза rise v. – rose , risen- вставать, подниматься |
7. lie v. – (1) – лежать -lies, lay, lain lie v. – ( 2) – лгать - lies, lied, lied lay v. – ( 3) – класть -laid, laid
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8. sun n. [sАn]- солнце Son n [sАn] –сын 9. knight n- [nаit] -рыцарь night –n.- [nаit]- ночь
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12.
left – n.(1) – левая сторона, удар левой рукой, левые (полит.партия)
Left –adj.(2) -левый
Left –adv.(3) - налево
Left – p.p. leave
13.
spring- n.-(1) –прыжок, скачок
spring –v.-(2) –sprang, sprung, -скакать, прыгать,
spring- n.-(3) – родник, ключ, источник
spring –v.-(4) – sprang, sprung, бить ключом, вытекать
spring –n.-(5) – пружина, рессора
spring –v.-(6) – sprang, sprung, снабжать пружиной, приводить в действие
spring- n (7) – весна, ранний период
spring- adj. (8) – весенний, яровой, молодой
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14. bank-(1) bank-(2) bank-(3) bank-(4) bank-(5) bank-(6) 25. air- heir |
15. bill-(1) bill-(2) bill-(3) bill-(4) bill-(5) bill-(6) 26. knows- nose- |
16. can-(1) can- (2) can-(3) 17. cock-(1) cock- (2) cock-(3) cock-(4) |
18. bow-(1)-[bou] bow-(2)-[bau] 19. row-(1)-[rou] row- (2)-[rau] 20. lead –(1)-[led] lead- (2)-[li:d]
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21. brothers- (1) brother’s- (2) brothers’ -(3)
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23. read –(1)-[ri:d] read –(2)-[red] 27. knew- new |
30. scent- cent- sent-
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28. peace- piece- 29. rain- reign- |
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31. steal- steel 35. lock-(1) lock-(2) lock-(3) |
32. write- right- 33. buy- bye- by- |
24. seal-(1) seal-(2) seal-(3) seal-(4) 22 Wind-(1)- [wind] wind- (2)-[waind |
34. right-(1) right-(2) right-(3) right-(4) right-(5) right-(6)
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