- •Оглавление
- •Введение
- •Unit 1 service industry
- •Assignments
- •St. Petersburg State University of Service and Economics
- •Words and expressions
- •Service industry
- •Words and expressions
- •Which are personal qualities required for working in the service industry?
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Things to do
- •The Sights
- •Cathedrals, Churches and Monasteries
- •Bridges
- •Theatres
- •Festivals
- •The suburbs
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Indefinite pronouns some / any and their derivatives
- •Things to do
- •Unit 3 higher education in the uk
- •Assignments
- •Types of English universities
- •Entrance to British universities
- •The university system in Britain
- •Variety of other British higher institutions
- •Words and expressions
- •1. At an International Conference.
- •2. A Television Interview.
- •Grammar exercises
- •Things to do
- •Unit 4 higher education in the usa
- •Assignments
- •Categories of institution in the usa
- •Involvement in learning
- •Changes in American higher education
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Things to do
- •Unit 5 political system in the uk
- •Words and expressions
- •Political system of the usa
- •The us Constitution
- •The Legislative Branch
- •The Executive Branch
- •The Judicial Branch
- •Major Political Parties
- •Elections
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Things to do
- •Words and expressions
- •Assignments
- •Travelling by air
- •Words and expressions
- •Travelling by train
- •Britain Rail’s Services
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Things to do
- •Unit 7 at the customs
- •Assignments
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Unit 8 meals
- •Meals and Mealtimes in Britain
- •Sunday Roast
- •Eating out in London
- •Restaurants
- •International and fusion cuisine
- •Fast food
- •Ordering food
- •Grammar exercises
- •2. Be a host and a guest in turns.
- •3. Project Work:
- •Unit 9 accommodation
- •How to book
- •Classification
- •Yha Hostels
- •Independent Hostels
- •University Accommodation
- •Bed and Breakfast
- •Guesthouses
- •Rental Accommodation
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Unit 10 london
- •Assignments
- •Buckingham Palace
- •Houses of Parliament
- •Westminster Abbey
- •St. Paul’s Cathedral
- •Trafalgar Square
- •Nelson`s Column
- •The Tower of London
- •Piccadilly Circus
- •Shakespeare`s Globe Theatre
- •Covent Garden
- •Downing Street
- •The Charles Dickens Museum
- •Neasden Temple
- •Royal parks
- •British Library
- •Changing the Guard
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Indirect Speech
- •Order tell ask beg suggest
- •Things to do
- •Unit 11 shopping
- •Shopping in London
- •Words and expressions
- •Assignments
- •Marks & Spencer Britain's Favourite Store
- •How did it all begin?
- •What are the best-sellers?
- •Why is m&s so successful?
- •I’m not a shopaholic!
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •The media
- •National and local newspapers in the usa
- •Radio and television in the usa
- •The press in the uk
- •Television and Radio in the uk
- •Words and expressions
- •Assignments
- •Machine Dreams
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Infinitive
- •Things to do
- •Grammar reference present forms Present Simple
- •Present Continuous
- •State verbs
- •Present Perfect
- •Present Perfect Continuous
- •Past forms The past forms of be
- •Past Simple
- •Past continuous
- •Past Perfect
- •Past Perfect Continuous
- •Future forms
- •The Future Simple
- •Going to, planning to
- •The Present Continuous
- •The Present Simple
- •The Future Continuous
- •The Future Perfect
- •The Future Perfect Continuous
- •Articles
- •Adjectives
- •Pronouns
- •Some/Any/No
- •A little/Little
- •Modal verbs
- •Functions of modal verbs
- •Passive voice
- •Personal / Impersonal passive constructions
- •Reported speech
- •1 Change of tenses
- •2 Verbs and conjunctions used for reporting
- •3 Word order in reported questions
- •Conditionals
- •Infinitive – gerund – participles The Infinitive
- •The Gerund
- •The Participles
- •Suffixes Common suffixes for nouns
- •Common suffixes for adjectives
- •Prefixes used to form opposites
- •Other prefixes which change meaning
- •Prepositions of Time: at, in, on
- •Bibliography
- •Заключение
- •191015, Г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кавалергардская, д. 7
Things to do
Task 1. Discussing.
-
Discuss the role of the media in politics.
Task 2. Translate and comment on the following.
* Many advertisements contain a slogan or short phrase to attract consumer's attention. Effective slogans are usually short, easy to remember.
* Read the text about translations of a slogan and note a problem: In Taiwan, the translation of the Pepsi slogan ' Come alive with the Pepsi generation' came out as 'Pepsi will bring your ancestors back from the dead'.
Task 3. In groups, write down five popular slogans in your language. Try to translate them into English.
Grammar reference present forms Present Simple
Positive form |
Negative form |
Question form |
I /you/we/they know |
I/you/we/they don't (= do not) know |
Do I / you / we l they know? |
he/she/it knows |
he/she doesn't (= does not) know |
Does he/she know? |
The Present Simple is used:
1 For permanent states, repeated actions and daily routines.
He works at a hotel. (permanent state)
2 For general truths and laws of nature.
It rarely rains in the desert.
3 For timetables (trains, planes, etc) and programmes.
The plane to London takes off at 6:50 am.
4 For sports commentaries, reviews and narration.
Hill kicks the ball and passes it to Dawson.
The Present Simple is used with the following time expressions:
always, usually, etc., every day/week, etc., on Mondays/Tuesdays, in the morning/afternoon, /evening, etc
Present Continuous
Positive form |
Negative form |
Question form |
I’m (=am) working |
I’m not (=am not) working |
Am I working? |
you/we/they’re (=are) working |
you /we / they aren’t (are not) working |
Are you / we/ they working? |
he/she /it’s (=is) working |
he / she / it isn’t (is not) working |
Is he/she/it working? |
1 We use the Present Continuous for something happening at this moment or
something happening in the present period, but perhaps not at this moment.
Sue’s talking to someone on the phone. We're studying French this term.
2 With always when we want to express our irritation at action which happens too
often.
She`s always complaining.
3 For the actions that we have already arranged to do in the near future, especially
when the time and place have been decided.
Melany is getting married in June.
4 For changing and developing situations.
More and more forests are disappearing because of fires.
Present Continuous is used with the following time expressions: now, at the moment, these days, at present, tonight, nowadays, still, etc.
State verbs
State verbs are verbs which do not normally have continuous tenses because they describe a state rather than an action. These include:
a |
verbs which express likes and dislikes: like, love, hate, enjoy, prefer, etc. Cathy likes romantic films. |
b |
verbs of perception: believe, know, notice, remember, forget, recognise, understand, realise, seem, think, etc. I don’t believe a word she’s saying. |
c |
verbs of senses: hear, feel, taste, look, smell, sound. The soup tastes delicious. |
d |
some other verbs: be, contain, fit, include, matter, need, belong, cost, owe, mean, own, appear, want, have (=possess), etc. This book is mine. It belongs to me.
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