- •Physical and Geographical features of the uk of gb and Northern Ireland.The English Channel
- •National emblems of gb and Northern Ireland
- •Prehistory of gb
- •Medieval England (the terms of Magna Carta)
- •The Reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England
- •The Marriage Question
- •Mary, Queen of Scots and Catholic Intrigue:
- •War and the Spanish Armada:
- •Ruler of the Golden Age:
- •Problems and Decline:
- •Reputation:
- •Victorian age (Queen Victoria’s Reign, the development of the country).
- •Britain in the 20th century.
- •Monarchy in Britain. Functions of the Monarch
- •The Queen's public functions. Relations with prime minister and government
- •2/Government
- •British Parliament (The House of Lords, the House of Commons)
- •Government in Britain (Civil service, Local Governments, General Election)
- •Religions in Britain
- •Traditions and customs in gb
- •Holidays and sports in Britain
- •The press, radio and television in Britain
- •London – the capital of Great Britain (history, mail boroughs)
- •Places of general interest in London
- •Art places in London (Museums and galleries)
- •Traffic in London. London Police
- •History of policing in the City
- •Organisation
- •Uniform
- •Geographical survey of the usa (composition of the country). Geographical Regionalism.
- •The history of the usa (early settlements, the English Colonies)
- •The War of Independence. The Civil War
- •Present-day America. Political System of the usa
- •Education, culture, holidays and traditions in the usa
- •Washington - the capital of the usa and other vast cities
- •Notable Americans
2/Government
After each general election the Queen invites the leader of the majority party to the House of Commons to become Prime Minister and form a government. The Minister has the official London House №10, Downing Street.
The Prime Minister selects the other Ministers and put in charge of the chief government departments. The Ministers are usually chosen from the Houses of Commons but a few must be the representatives from the Houses of Lords. The Prime Minister himself often takes charge of one of the departments. He is usually the first Lord of Treasury.
The Cabinet of Prime Minister consumes 23 members and includes the Lord President of the Council, the Secretary of Foreign and Commonwealth affairs.
The main feature of the British political system is “Cabinet Government” that is: the leading role is played by the Monarch who remains head of state or Parliament which is officially the supreme lawmaking body. The Cabinet directs the administration, controls the progress of lawmaking and dominates the House of Commons. The Cabinet establishes the laws, which should be debated and accepted.
Local Government
Local affairs are managed by councils that very a great deal in size. Local Government councils are based on the comities. The most important of them is the Finance Commite which decides haw maney is to collected and spent.
A constitutional monarch is one who can rule only with the support of parliamentary. The Bill of Rights was the 1st legal step towards constitutional monarchy. This Bill prevented the monarch from making laws or having an army without Parliament's approval. Since 1689 the power of parliament has grown, while the power of the monarch has become weaker. The UK is a constitutional monarchy: the head of the state is a king or a queen. In practice, the Sovereign reigns, but doesn't rule. The present Sovereign is Queen Elisabeth II. Today the Queen isn't only head of state, but also an important symbol of national unity. In law the Queen is head of the executive, head of the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all the armed forces of the Crown and the established Church of England. The monarchy's absolute power has been progressively reduced, the Queen is impartial and acts on the advise of her ministers. The Queen and the Royal family continue to take part in many traditional ceremonies. Their visits to different parts of Britain and to many other countries attract considerable interests and publicity. The proceedings of both Houses of Parliament are broadcast on television and radio. General elections to choose Members of Parliament must be held at least every five years. Today every man and woman aged 18 has the right to vote. The Government is formed by the party with majority support in the Commons. The party in power determines the home and foreign policy of the country. The Queen appoints its leader as Prime Minister. As head of the Government the Prime Minister appoints about 100 ministers, of whom about 20 are in the Cabinet - the serious group which takes major policy decisions. Ministers are collectively responsible for their own departments. The second largest - party forms the official oppositions with its own leader and "shadow cabinet". The opposition has a duty to challenge government policies and to present an alternative programme.