Vocabulary

voltage – напряжение

to increase – увеличивать(ся), повышать(ся)

to decrease – уменьшать(ся), понижать(ся)

winding – обмотка, катушка

a core – сердечник

primary – первичный

secondary – вторичный

a step-up transformer – повышающий трансформатор

a step-down transformer – понижающий трансформатор

induction – индукция, индукционный

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words and word combinations given below

1. A transformer is used for in creasing or decreasing …. 2. The principal parts of a transformer are two … and an iron …. 3. The coil which is supplied with current is called the … winding. 4. The winding from which the current is taken is called the … winding. 5. The … consists of thin sheets of steel. 6. The voltage is increased by means of a … transformer. 7. The voltage is decreased by means of a … transformer.

a) step-up b) core c) secondary d) winding e) voltage f) primary g) step-down

II. Form sentences combining suitable parts given in columns I and II

1. The primary winding 2. A step-up transformer 3. A transformer 4. The secondary winding 5. A step-down transformer 6. The core

a) is a ring of thin sheets of steel b) is the winding from which the current is taken c) is a transformer for increasing voltage d) is the winding which is supplied with current e) is a device for changing the electric current from one voltage to another f) is a transformer for decreasing voltage

II. Match English equivalents to the Russian words and word combinations

1. механическая энергия 2. электрическая энергия 3. источник 4. основные части 5. электромагнит 6. движущаяся обмотка 7. медная проволока 8. смешанный 9. клемма, терминал 10. нагрузка 11. обмотка возбуждения 12. производственный процесс

a) electromagnet b) source c) copper wire d) load e) main parts f) manufacturing process g) exciting coil h) mechanical energy i) moving coil j) electrical energy k) terminal l) compound

III. Read the text and be ready to answer the questions The Transformer

The transformer is a device for changing the electric current from one voltage to another. It is used for increasing or decreasing voltage. A simple transformer is a kind of induction coil. In its usual form a transformer has no moving parts.

The principal parts of a transformer are coils and an iron core.

The coil which is supplied with current is called the primary winding or "primary", for short. The winding from which the current is taken is called the secondary winding or "secondary", for short.

Тhе primary winding is connected to the source of supply and the secondary winding is connected to the load.

The core consists of thin sheets of steel. In a large power station the voltage is usually increased by means of a step-up transformer for transmission over long distances.

At the place where power is needed, the voltage is decreased by means of a step-down transformer to a value suitable for use in consuming devices.

Large transformers are used in lоng-distance transmission lines. Two or more kinds of transformers are used in all radio and television sets.