Fashion design

Fashion design is the applied art dedicated to the design of clothing and lifestyle accessories created within the cultural and social influences of a specific time. Fashion design is generally considered to have started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth . Throughout the earfy20th century, practically all high fashion originated in Paris, and to a lesser extent London. World War II created many radical changes in the fashion industry. After the war, Paris's reputation as the global center of fashion began to crumble and off-the-peg and mass-manufactured fashions became increasingly popular. Lighter textiles and, eventually, synthetics were introduced.

There are three main categories of fashion design.

Haute couture The type of fashion design which predominated until the 1950s was 'made-to-measure" or haute couture. The term made-to-measure may be used for any garment that is created for a specific client.

Ready-to-wear Thеу are not made for individual customers, but great care is taken in the choice and cut of the fabric.

Mass market The mass market caters for a wide range of customers, producing ready-to-wear clothes in large quantities and standard sizes. Cheap materials, creatively used, produce affordable fashion.

There are three main ways in which designers can work: Working freelance, Working In-house, Setting up a company. The areas where fashion designers can specialize in are: women's day wear, women's evening wear, women's lingerie, men's day wear, men's evening wear, boys' wear, girls' wear, teenage wear, sportswear, knitwear, outerwear, bridal wear and accessories.

Garden design

Garden design is the art and process of designing the layout and planting of domestic gardens and landscapes. Professional garden designers usually are trained in both design and in horticulture, and have an expert knowledge and experience of using plants. Garden designers are also concerned with the layout of hard landscape, such as paths, walls, water features, sitting areas and decking. The 19th century saw

historical revival and Romantic cottage-inspired gardening, as well as the rise

of flower gardens. The 20th century gardening expanded into city planning. Many of the great gardens in the history and today often include: a location that is topographically significant, a suitable microclimate for plants, a well-designed connection to water, and rich soil.

Conditioning the soil thoroughly before planting enables the plants to establish themselves quickly and so play their part in the design.

Boundaries The look of the garden can be influenced strongly by the boundary impinges.

Introducing internal boundaries, perhaps in the form of hedges, walls or fencing can help break up a garden.

Alternative Surfacing made up of bark chips, pebbles, gravels; also, the various textures, shapes, sizes, colors, and materials of many different paving elements can contribute to making a garden plan pattern and texture, if they are mixed successfully.

Water plays a very important role in the garden since wet conditions foster rampant growth of the plants.

The wood is the most common material, to make the garden furniture. Besides the wooden furniture, metal or plastic can be sometimes a better choice.

Since most plants require direct light for their growth, lighting is an important factor to consider when designing a garden.