- •3. Native Americans: their origin, their ancient and present history.
- •Colonial America
- •Early colonial attempts
- •New England
- •The Pilgrims
- •The Puritans
- •The Middle Colonies
- •7. Ties to the British Empire. The unification of the British colonies. The great Awakening. From unity to revolution
- •8. The American Revolution. The continental Congresses and the declaration of Independence.
- •9. The Constitutional Convention. The Constitution of the us.
- •10. The Revolution: Winners and losers. Federalists and Antifederalists.
- •11. The American Civil War.
- •12. U.S. Industrialization and immigration.
- •13. The rise of u.S. Imperialism
- •14. The progressives
- •15. The roaring 20s
- •16. The great depression.
- •17. President Franklin d. Roosevelt and his “New deal for the American people”
- •18. The u.S. Wartime economy. The Marshall Plan(epr)
- •20. The Vietnam War
- •21 Us political scandal of the 70’s 80’s and 90’s.
- •22. The Reagan revolution
- •23. The Reagan administration –
- •24. Clinton administration.
- •25. The George w. Bush administration.
- •Each house of Congress has the power to introduce legislation on any subject dealing with the powers of Congress, except for legislation dealing with gathering revenue.
- •29. Executive branch.
- •30. Presidential elections
- •31. Constitution of the United States, its structure and current role.
- •32.Politics of the United States
- •33. Political parties, political culture and strength
- •34. America’s Global Role. U.S. Superpower and Global Economic Influence.
- •35. U.S. Foreign policy. Foreign relations of us with other countries.
- •37. The us banking system
- •38. The us Population
- •Lexico-semantic differences They differ in affixes while lexical meaning remains the same:
Each house of Congress has the power to introduce legislation on any subject dealing with the powers of Congress, except for legislation dealing with gathering revenue.
The head of the executive branch is the U.S. President, who is both the head of state and head of government. Under him or her is the Vice President and the Cabinet, whose 15 members are appointed and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the U.S. Senate. The president is the executive and Commander-in-Chief. The president may veto legislation passed by Congress; he or she may be impeached The president may not dissolve Congress or call special elections, but does have the power to pardon convicted criminals, give executive orders. Cabinet is strongly subordinate to the President Usually, all Cabinet members resign shortly after the inauguration of a new President.
The federal judiciary consists of the Supreme Court (Washington), whose nine justices are appointed for life by the president and confirmed by the Senate, and various "lower" or "inferior courts," among which are the United States courts of appeals and the United States district courts.
U.S. policy of checks and balances.
The Constitution defines distinct powers for the Congress of the United States, the president, and the federal courts. This division of authority is known as a system of checks and balances, and it ensures that none of the branches of government can dominate the others. The Constitution does not include the term separation of powers. although Congress makes laws, the president can veto them. Even if the president vetoes a law, Congress may check the president by overriding his veto with a two-thirds vote.
The Supreme Court' can overturn laws passed by Congress and signed by the president. The selection of federal and Supreme Court judges is made by the other two branches. The president appoints judges, but the Senate reviews his candidates and has the power to reject his choices.
28. The House of Representatives consists of 435 members, each of whom is elected by a congressional district and serves a two-year term. Seats in the House are divided between the states on the basis of population, with each state entitled to at least one seat. the power to introduce legislation on any subject dealing with the powers of Congress, gathering revenue etc
-The Senate
Each state is represented by two members-100 members. Each Senator, who is elected by the whole state rather than by a district, serves a six-year term. Senatorial terms are staggered so that approximately one-third of the terms expire every two years.
the power to introduce legislation on any subject dealing with the powers of Congress. Only the Senate can approve treaties negotiated and submitted by the president.
- US Congressional committees
One of the most important nonlegislative functions of the Congress is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to committees.Investigations are conducted to gather information on the need for future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed, to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and officials of the other branches. Congressional investigations thus represent one important tool available to lawmakers to inform the citizenry and arouse public interest in national issues. Congressional oversight prevents waste and fraud, protects civil liberties and individual rights, ensures executive compliance with the law, gathers information for making laws and educating the public, and evaluates executive performance.
-Informal practices of Congress. Lobbyists.
the selection and behavior of U.S. legislators has little to do with central party discipline. Congress is thus a collegial and not a hierarchical body. Power does not flow from the top down but in practically every direction. There are informal or unwritten norms of behavior that often determine the assignments and influence of a particular member. The traditional independence of members of Congress has both positive and negative aspects. One benefit is that a system that allows legislators to vote their consciences or their constituents’ wishes is inherently more democratic. The problem of independence is that there is less accountability for voters than there would be if Congressmen took responsibility for their party’s actions. Lobbying has been called the fourth branch of the American government. Virtually every group - from corporations to foreign governments to states to grass-roots organizations - employs lobbyists. Many lobbyists are former Congressmen and Senators, or relatives of sitting Congressmen.