- •1 Higher Education in Belarus. Our University.
- •The role of knowledge and education in society.
- •Types of higher educational establishments in Belarus.
- •Forms of tuition at Belarusian higher educational establishments.
- •The Belarusian State Economic University: rules of enrolment, schools and conditions for studies, curricula, student life.
- •Institute of Social Liberal Education.
- •2. University Education in Great Britain and The usa.
- •2.1 The procedure of admission to Universities.
- •2.2 Types of Universities in Great Britain and the usa.
- •2.3 Peculiarities of the teaching process.
- •2.4 University degrees.
- •3. The Republic of Belarus.
- •3.1 Geographical position. Natural resources.
- •3.2 State and Government structure and bodies.
- •3.3 Belarusian economy: the economic system, sectors of economy: manufacturing, agriculture, services. Recent economic trends and problems.
- •4. Great Britain
- •4.1 Geographical Position. Natural Resources.
- •4.2 State and Government Structure and the main Bodies
- •4.3 The uk economy: past and present. The main sectors and industries, current trends in the economy.
- •4.4 The City of London
- •4.5 Great Britain and European Integration
- •5.1 The us geography.
- •5.2 Government structure: branches, their bodies and functions. Political parties.
- •5.3 National symbols.
- •5.4 The main public holidays.
- •5.5 The us economy as a mixed economy. The role of the government in the economy. The main sectors of the American economy: manufacturing, agriculture, services.
- •6. Environmental Issues.
- •6.1 Ecological problems caused by the development of civilization.
- •6.2 The consequences of the Chernobyl disaster.
- •6.3 International efforts in solving environmental problems.
- •6.4 The idea of sustainable development.
- •6.5 The Kyoto Protocol.
- •7. Economics as a Science.
- •7.1 The subject of economics.
- •7.2 Microeconomics and macroeconomics.
- •7.3 Three economics issues.
- •7.4 Economic system: market economy, command economy, mixed economy.
- •7.5 The role of money in economy: a brief history and functions of money.
- •8. Employment
- •8.1 Definition of employment and labour.
- •8.2 Types of employment: full-time, part-time work, flexi time arrangements, telecommuting (working from home), self-employment, ect.
- •8.3 Compensation for work.
- •8. 4 Problems at work (discrimination).
- •8.5 Looking for a job, recruitment.
- •9. Entrepreneurship and Small Business.
- •9.1 Keys to success in business.
- •8.2 The features of successful entrepreneurs. How to start one’s own business.
- •8.3 Franchising as a form of business.
- •10. Management as My Major.
- •11. Decision Making.
- •12. Planning.
5.2 Government structure: branches, their bodies and functions. Political parties.
The USA is a federal republic that is made up of 50 states and the District of Columbia. The capital of the country is Washington, D.C. The capital was founded in 1790 and was named after the first President George Washington.
The basic law of the United States is the Constitution, adopted in 1787. By the Constitution the government of the nation is entrusted to three separate authorities: the Executive, the Legislative and the Judicial.
The executive power is vested in the President, who holds his office during the term of four years, and is elected together with the Vice-President. The President is the head of the state and the Government; he is also the Commander-in-Chief of the US Armed Forces and has a wide range of responsibilities. The administrative business of the nation is conducted by secretaries who form the Cabinet. Cabinet secretaries are heads of different departments (the Department of State, the Department of Defense or the Pentagon, the Department of Justice, the Department of Commerce, etc.).
Legislative authority is exercised by the Congress of the United States which has two elective houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate has 100 senators, two for each state regardless of population, serving six-year terms. Members of the House of Representatives are elected for two-year terms. The House has 435 members, apportioned among the states on the basis of population. The main task of the Congress is to make laws.
The judicial power is the third branch of the US Federal Government. It consists of a system of federal courts and is headed by the Supreme Court of the United States.
In the United States there exist two major political parties: the Democratic and the Republican. The present-day Democratic Party was founded in 1828, representing Southern slave owners and part of Northern bourgeoisie. The Republican Party, established in 1854, united those who opposed the expansion of slavery. The Democratic Party is considered to be more liberal, and the Republican is more conservative.
Every four years the American parties come together as national bodies in the Presidential nominating conventions and make up the party programs. But once a President is chosen, the parties again become amorphous bodies.
5.3 National symbols.
The American flag has 13 horizontal stripes, 7 red and 6 white which stand for the original 13 states. In the top left hand corner there are 50 white stars on a blue background: one star for each state.
The national anthem of the USA is the “Star Spangled Banner”. The words written during the Anglo-American war of 1812-1814 and set to music of an old song. Every state has its own flag, its own emblem and its own anthem too.
The eagle became the national emblem of the country in 1782. It has an olive branch (a symbol of peace) and arrows (a symbol of strength).
The Statue of Liberty is the symbol of American democracy. It stands on Liberty Island in New York. This National Monument was a present from France to the USA. France gave the statue to America in 1886 as a symbol of friendship.