III. Vocabulary items.

managerial jobs	-	управленческая, административная деятельность (работа)
first-line manager (first-line supervisor)	-	менеджер, управляющий первого (нижнего) звена
supervisor	-	контролер; надзиратель
work force	-	рабочая сила
worker participation	-	участие рабочих
work-place	-	место работы, рабочее место
work team	-	рабочая команда, рабочая группа
human relations	-	связи с людьми
middle manager	-	управляющий, менеджер среднего звена
chief	-	заведующий
department head	-	руководитель отдела
division head	-	руководитель подразделения
top manager	-	главный управляющий; менеджер верхнего звена
chief executive officer	-	главный управляющий делами
executive vice president	-	исполнительный вице-президент
executive director	-	исполнительный директор; директор-распорядитель
senior vice-president	-	первый вице-президент
executive	-	должностное лицо, руководитель, администратор (фирмы, компании)
functional manager	-	функциональный менеджер
general manager	-	главный управляющий; генеральный директор
functional area	-	функциональная сфера, область
division manager	-	управляющий подразделением
project manager	-	руководитель проекта
differentiation	-	дифференциация
high technology	-	высокая технология
influence	-	влияние
level	-	уровень

IV. Test.

1. Выберите определения справа, соответствующие терминам слева. Запишите ответы следующим образом: например, 6) – m.

1) general managers	a) managers at the lowest level in the hierarchy who are directly responsible for the work of operating (nonmanagerial) employees;
2) project managers	b) managers beneath the top levels of the hierarchy who are directly responsible for the work of other managers below them;
3) first-line managers	c) managers at the very top levels of the hierarchy who are ultimately responsible for the entire organization;
4) top managers	d) managers who have responsibility for a specific, specialized area of the organization and supervise mainly individuals with expertise and training in that specialized area;
5) functional managers	e) managers who have responsibility for a whole organization or a substantial subunit that includes most of the common specialized areas within it;
6) middle managers	f) managers who have responsibility for coordinating efforts involving individuals in several different organizational units who are all working on a particular project.

2. Дополните предложения, выбрав необходимое слово или словосочетание справа. Запишите ответы следующим образом: например,7)– m.

1) One dimension is a vertical dimension, focusing on different … in the organization.		a) first-line managers
2) ... are extremely important to the success of an organization because they have the major responsibility of seeing that day-to-day operations run smoothly in pursuit of organizational goals.		b) horizontal differentiation
3) The power of first-line supervisors has been gradually eroding because of such factors as ... .		c) high-technology firms
4) … are mainly responsible for implementing overall organizational plans so that organizational goals are achieved as expected.		d) hierarchical levels
5) Top-level managers are often referred to as ..., although the term “executive” also is sometimes used to include the upper layers of middle managers.		e) general manager
6) The three major types of ... among managerial jobs on the basis of responsibility area are functional, general, and project managers.		f) union influence and the increasing educational level of workers
7) A small company usually will have only one ..., who is the head of the entire organization.	g) executives
8) Project managers are frequently used in aerospace and other ... to coordinate projects, such as airplane or computer project development.	h) middle managers