True/False Test

1. The North of England is known for its very beautiful scenery.

2. There is no industry in the region.

3. The territory of the region is very flat.

4. There are no interesting places to visit.

5. Hadrian’s Wall is a natural border with Scotland.

Key:

The Southeast: 1. F; 2. T; 3. F; 4. T; 5. F

The Southwest: 1. F; 2. F; 3. T; 4. F; 5. F

East Anglia: 1. F; 2. T; 3. F; 4. F; 5. T

The Midlands: 1. T; 2. F; 3. F; 4. F; 5. T

The North of England: 1. T; 2. F; 3. F; 4. F; 5. F

England lies in the southern and eastern part of the island of GB, and ranks as the largest of four countries that make up the United Kingdom. With more than 80 per cent of the total British population, England is a densely populated country. About 95 per sent of its people live in urban areas, but outside the crowded city centers stretches English countryside, with charming villages, green pastures, and neat hedges. In general, English land slopes from the north and west to the south and east. Characteristic features include moors (open grasslands), downs (hilly grasslands), fens (marshlands), and wolds (low, chalky hills). The Pennines – the country’s major mountain system – extend from Scotland to central England, and are often called the “backbone of England”. West of the Pennines lies the Lake District, known for its beautiful mountain scenery. A large plateau called the Midlands covers east-central England. Much of this land is broken by rolling hills and fertile valleys, drained by the Thames, Severn, Trent, and Ouse rivers. Along the North Sea coast, the Midlands are low and flat. Southeastern, England is crossed by hills consisting of stone and chalk. Along the English Channel, the hills drop sharply to form cliffs, including the famous white cliffs of Dover.

Until the early 1800’s most English people lived in the countryside and worked on farms. However, during the Industrial Revolution, huge numbers of people moved to cities and towns to work in the new factories. Today, about 40 per cent of the population lives in 7 large metropolitan areas. Greater London, with nearly 8 million people, is the largest metropolitan area in England and one of the largest in the world. The other metropolitan areas include Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool, and Sheffield. In recent years many of the factories built near coal fields, their source of power, have closed. Nuclear energy, oil, and gas are the modern energy sources. As a result, many new industries have developed around London and in the southeastern section of England, where there is little coal. Service industries are also important to England’s economy. About 75 per cent of the workers in London and southeastern England work in service industries, particularly in social services, wholesale and retail trade, and financial services.

slope вершина

moor (open grassland) Мавра (открытые поля)

down (hilly grassland) спуски (холмистые поля)

fen (marshland) болота (низменности)

«backbone of England» позвоночник Англии

wholesale and retail trade оптовая и розничная торговля

England / Англия

England is the largest part of the UK. Nearly 84 per cent of population of the UK lives in England, mainly in the major cities and metropolitan areas.

England shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. It is closer to continental Europe than any other part of Britain. The Channel Tunnel directly links England to France.

England takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled in this territory during the 5th and 6th centuries. It used to be known as "Angla land", meaning "the land of the Angles".

The capital city of England is London. The Greater London is the biggest city in England, in the United Kingdom and one of the world’s largest cities. London was the historical centre of the British Empire.

Such cities as Manchester and Birmingham now rival for the second place in importance. Other big cities are concentrated mainly in central and northern England and they include Leeds, Liverpool, Newcastle, Sheffield, Bristol, Coventry, Leicester, Nottingham and Hull.

England is a country of lowland, where no part of it is higher than 120 metres above the sea level.

The county of Lancashire is famous for its wide beaches where the tides are unusually high.