Education in the United States
Public
education at all levels in the US is the responsibility of individual
states. Education is provided to all children from the age of 5 to 18
in the public school system. After an optional year in the
kindergarten, children enter grade 1 at the age of 6. Education is
compulsory until the age of 16. After 6 years in elementary school
children go on to junior high( or middle school) and then to high
school for another 6 years. The usual plan for dividing schools is: 6
years of elementary school, 3 years of high school, but this plan may
be different in different states. Those who complete the full high
school programme receive a high school diploma.
The
subjects children learn are much the same as in other countries. In
most schools History and Geography are taught as one subject, and
Literature is taught in classes of English.
Schoolchildren
can learn one foreign language for 2 years(Spanish, German, or
French). The Americans think that learning how to think independently
and problem-solving skills is more important than learning facts.
Today there is a strong emphasis on science, mathematics and foreign
languages and the knowledge of other people and cultures.
Besides
public schools there are private schools which are very expensive,
and religious schools which are also free-paying.
About half
of the young people today who finish secondary school go on to
community colleges which provide two years of higher education at
minimal cost. State colleges and universities provide four years of
higher education necessary to receive a bachelor`s degree. Fees are
different in different states. Besides these, there are many private
colleges and universities, which are more expensive than public
institutions.