I. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление времен (письменно):

1. При тяжелых формах пневмонии температура обычно держится на уровне 38°С. 2. Сейчас у этого больного держится температура 38°С вследствие тяжелой формы пневмонии. 3. У этого больного держится температура на уровне 38°С уже в течение месяца. 4. Больной всегда соблюдал постельный режим при сердечных приступах. 5. Больной соблюдал постельный режим, когда у него появился сердечный приступ.

6. В связи с сердечным заболеванием больной соблюдал постельный режим уже три недели.

2. Назовите корень в следующих словах и переведите эти слова:

intoxication, allowance, changeable, clearly, uncomplicated, disappear­ance, remarkable, unprotective, senselessness, thickness, warmth, ineffective, enlargement

3. Образуйте однокоренные существительные (см. 1), прилага­тельные (см. 2), наречня (см. 3), глаголы (см. 4) и переведите нх:

1. accomplish, accumulate, investigate, pass, perspire, present; 2. protect, effect, change, move, pain, poison, produce, response; 3. loud, exact, mild, quiet, rapid, separate, severe, sharp, smooth, sudden; 4. accomplishment, complicated, considerable, unexpected, elevation

4. * Выберите правильный ответ на основании текстов А, В, С (уроки 34, 35):

1. What forms of tuberculosis are accompanied by a sub-febrile temperature? (a) Benign forms of tuberculosis are;

6. Pneumonic forms of tuberculosis are.) 2. What kind of sputum has the patient with tuberculosis? (a) It is purulent;

6. It is mucopurulent.) 3. The evidence of what form of tuberculosis may cold profuse perspiration at night be? (a) It may be the evidence of a benign form of tuberculosis; 6) It may be the evidence of a severe form of tuberculosis.)

3. What erythrocyte sedimentation rate has the patient with lobular pneumonia? (a) It is slow; 6) It is accelerated.)

4. What does the X-ray examination reveal in case of lobular pneumonia? (a) It reveals a marked shadowing in the lungs; 6) It reveals a cavity in the lungs.)

5. Заполните пропуски словами ‘what’, ‘which’, ‘when’, ‘whose’:

1. ... treatment is indicated if a patient has a severe form of lobular pneumonia? 2. ... may the patient’s erythrocyte sedimentation rate be accelerated? 3.... of the following symptoms is characteristic of tubercu­losis: a bad headache, cough with mucopurulent sputum or a coated tongue?

3. Thanks to ... scientific investigations was mucobacterium tuberculosis discovered?

6. * Замените выделенные слова близкими по смыслу словами и словосочетаниями:

1. Fever is one of the permanent symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis, (a) changeable; 6) constant) 2. In the presence of inflammation the discharge from the wound is usually purulent, (a) clear; 6) contains pus) 3. Permanent fever is often accompanied by loss of appetite and fatigue, (a) temperature; 6) malaise)

4. Within the thoracic cavity the pressure is lower than the atmospheric one. (a) higher; 6) less)

7. 1. Прочтите текст E со словарем. 2. Выучите выделенные слова. 3. Озаглавьте текст. 4. Выпишите неправильные глаголы и Дайте их ос­новные формы. 5. Будьте готовы к ответам на вопросы по тексту. 6. Вы­пишите английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

симптомы, характерные для первичного туберкулеза; в пораженном легком; клинические проявления; положительная проба; уплотнение легочной ткани; первичный туберкулез; перкуторный звук

TextE

Primary tuberculosis usually begins in childhood and affects the lungs and bronchial lymphatic glands of the lung roots. Primary tuberculosis may not give any clinical manifestations and is revealed only by a positive Pirquet’s¹ and Mantoux’s tests² and X-ray examination. Loss of appetite, short periods of fever, slow growth, loss of weight may be some of the symptoms characteristic of primary tuberculosis.

Physical examination sometimes reveals consolidation of the pulmonary tissue. A shorter percussion sound and a small number of dry and fine moist rales are heard in the involved lung.

A favourable course of primary tuberculosis leads to the formation of a Ghon’s focus.³ In unfavourable cases primary pulmonary tuberculosis may lead to an extensive inflammation.

Notes

1. Pirquet’s [pia’keiz] test— накожная туберкулиновая проба Пирке

2. Mantoux’s [mar)’tu:z] test — внутрикожная туберкулиновая проба Манту

3. Ghon’s [‘ganz] focus — очаг Гона (кальцинированный очаг, свидетельствующий о перенесенном туберкулезе)

CLASS ASSIGNMENTS (CYCLE VI, § 1)

8. Translate the following word combinations:

1. a bad wound; 2. a bad malaise; 3. a bad rupture; 4. bad manifestations;

4. a bad fatigue

9. Answer the following questions:

1. In what cases is erythrocyte sedimentation rate accelerated? 2. What temperature are benign forms of tuberculosis accompanied by/ 3. In case of what disease is a marked shadowing in the lungs revealed by the X-ray examination? 4. What sputum has the patient with tuberculosis of the lungs? 5. Is cold profuse perspiration at night the evidence of a benign or a severe form of tuberculosis of the lungs? 6. What is permanent fever often accompanied by?

10. Choose the proper verb from those given in brackets. Use it in the necessary tense:

1. The patient’s general condition (to improve, to recover) gradually since he was administered streptomycin injections. 2. The most characteristic symptoms of primary tuberculosis such as loss of appetite and weight, short periods of fever and slow growth (to develop, to produce) in a child since the age of two. 3. As the patient’s temperature (to enlarge, to elevate) constantly since he was admitted to the hospital he had to follow a bed regimen.

11. Use ‘one’ (‘ones’), ‘that’ (‘those’) Instead of the words in bold type. Translate the sentences:

1. In case of pulmonary gangrene the right lung is more often affected than the left lung. 2. In acute forms of pulmonary gangrene the sputum has a bad smell, like the smell of dead tissues — or of a destroyed tooth. 3. In pulmonary edema the clinical picture reveals some findings like the findings observed in other lung diseases.

12. Read the passages. Say what respiratory tract disease is described in each of them:

1. The girl developed a permanent loss of appetite and she had not been increasing in weight for several months. Her growth was slow. She often had short periods of fever. On physical examination the physician revealed a small number of dry and fine moist rales. The percussion sound was considerably reduced.

2. The patient complained of a general malaise, fatigue and cold profuse perspiration at night. His temperature had been persisting at a level of 38°C for about a month. He had mucopurulent sputum sometimes containing blood. When the doctor was examining him the patient stated that he had lost much weight.

3. When the patient was admitted to the hospital his breathing was rapid and there was a marked cyanosis of the face. He complained of chest pain on deep breathing in. The physician determined that his arterial pressure was reduced, his pulse rate was accelerated and there was dullness in the lungs. There were numerous foci of inflammation in the lungs revealed by the X-ray examination.

13. 1. Read Text F. 2. Ask each other questions on the text. 3. Retell it. 4. Summarize the essence of the second paragraph:

Text F. Lung Abscess

Lung abscess may develop because of various factors. In cases where an abscess develops as a complication of pneumonia the patient’s general condition gradually becomes worse. Sometimes the first clinical manifestations of a chill, pain in the affected side, fever elevating to 39°-40°C, and loss of appetite are present. There is a profuse perspiration at night, dry cough, and a considerable increase of the white blood cell count up to 20,000 per cu mm of blood and accelerated ESR. Both fever and the increase in the number of leucocytes depend on the presence of pus in the cavity. When pus is evacuated from the thoracic cavity the temperature decreases and the white blood cell count returns to normal. The repeated increase of white blood cells may be observed when pus is again accumulated in the cavity.

The course of the lung abscess may be divided into two periods: that before and that after the rupture of the abscess into a bronchus. The length of the first period varies in different cases. The second period begins from the moment of the abscess rupture into a bronchus usually with 0.5 litre or more of sputum discharge. After the rupture of sputum into a bronchus, the body temperature returns to normal, and the patient’s general condition becomes better. The sputum discharge gradually reduces in its amount. The appetite increases, the white blood cell count and ESR return to normal. Within 4-5 weeks of effective treatment complete recovery is usually observed in most cases of lung abscess.

UNIT 2. THE DISEASES OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

Грамматика: Сложное дополнение.

LESSON 37

HOME ASSIGNMENTS

1. А. Сравните следующие два предложения и ответьте на вопросы:

1. I know that he studies. = 6) I know him to study.

Я знаю, что он учится. Я знаю...

1. * Каким придаточным предложением является that he studies в предложении (а)? 2* Есть ли союз that в предложении (б)? 3.* В каком падеже употреблено местоимение he в предложении (б)? 4.* Какую форму приобрело сказуемое studies в предложении (б)? 5.* Чему соответствует that he studies в предложении (б)? 6.* Если him to study равнозначно that he studies, то как нужно перевести him to study в предложении (б)? 7.* На какой вопрос отвечает that he studies? 8.* Следовательно, на какой вопрос отвечает сочетание слов him to study?9.* Какой член предложения отвечает на вопрос что (кого)? 10. Следовательно, каким членом предложения является сочетание слов him to study? Выучите глаголы, с которыми употребляется сложное дополнение.

Б. В следующих предложениях обратите внимание на перевод различ­ных форм ннфннитнвов, входящих в состав сложного дополнения:

а) I know this surgeon (him) to operate on successfully.

Я знаю, что этот хирург (он) оперирует успешно.

I know this surgeon (him) to have operated on successfully.

Я знаю, что этот хирург (он) оперировал успешно.

б) I know this patient (him) to be operated on at our clinic.

Я знаю, что этот больной (он) оперируется в нашей клинике.

I know this patient (him) to have been operated on successfully.

Я знаю, что этот больной (он) был оперирован успешно.

2. Отличается ли перевод простого инфинитива от перфектного и инфинитива в страдательном залоге?