6. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1-й, 2-й, 3-й абзацы

Political System of Great Britain

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. It means that the sovereign reigns but does not rule.Britain does not have a written constitution, but a set of laws.Parliament is the most important authority in Britain. Technically Parliament is made up of three parts: the Monarch, the House of Lords; and the House of Commons. In reality the House of Commons is the only one of the three which has true power.

The monarch serves formally as head of state. But the monarch is expected to be politically neutral and should not make political decisions.The present sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II. She was crowned in Westminster Abbey in 1953.

The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. There are 650 of them in the House of Commons. They are elected by secret ballot. General elections are held every five years. The country is divided into 650 constituencies. All citizens, aged 18 and registered in a constituency, have the right to vote. But voting is not compulsory in Britain. Only persons convicted of corrupt and certain mentally ill patients don't take part in voting.

There are few political parties in Britain thanks to the British electoral system. The main ones are: the Conservative Party, the Labour Party and the Liberal / Social Democratic Alliance.

Each political party puts up one candidate for each constituency. The one who wins the most votes is elected MP for that area.

The party which wins the most seats in Parliament forms the Government. Its leader becomes the Prime Minister. His first job is to choose his Cabinet. The Prime Minister usually takes policy decisions with the agreement of the Cabinet.

The functions of the House of Commons are legislation and scrutiny of government activities. The House of Commons is presided over by the Speaker. The Speaker is appointed by the Government.

The House of Lords comprises about 1,200 peers. It is presided by the Lord Chancellor. The House of Lords has no real power. It acts rather as an advisory council. It's in the House of Commons that new bills are introduced and debated. If the majority of the members are in favour of a bill, it goes to the House of Lords to be debated. The House of Lords has the right to reject a new bill twice.

But after two rejections they are obliged to accept it. And finally a bill goes to the monarch to be signed. Only then it becomes law.

Parliament is responsible for British national policy. Local governments are responsible for organizing of education, police and many others.

 

7. Выпишите из текста 10 глаголов и поставьте их в Infinitiv.

8. Поставьте 5 вопросов к тексту.

9. Выпишите из текста 10 сложных существительных и переведите их.

Вариант 2.

1. Перепишите предложения. Выпишите из каждого глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог, укажите инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык. Обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

1. The doctor ordered the patient to stay in bed.

2. He is greatly influenced by other people opinion.

3. The seminar will be attended by all the students of our group.

4. She is speaking over the telephone now.

5. In two years my brother will become an engineer.

6. The student made many mistakes in his translation.

7. He usually plays tennis in the evening

2. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола – сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Approaching the house we saw a car parked in front of it.

2. A number of attempts have been made to create artificial intelligence.

3. They were discussing their plans for summer holidays for a whole evening yesterday.

4. The sea washing Great Britain in the east is called the North Sea.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Studying a foreign language one has to learn grammar rules.

2. We have two ears and only one tongue that we may hear more and speak less.

3. People must feel secure about their future.

4. Next year we will have to reduce the staff.

5. He said that he could ship the goods in September.

6. Prices should be increased in order to cover rising costs.

4. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием “S”, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е.

А) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Simple;

Б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;

В) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The latest statistical data says that violent crime rises constantly in our country.

2. Even the special programs for children are full of scenes of violence.

3. The judges’ functions are to conduct the proceedings, put questions to the parties and witnesses, examine the documents and to pass the sentence.