Супутникова геодезія НП

.

.

(troposphehc delay) –

,

. ,

.

(carr er phase) – ,

, ( )

, ,

.

( , L L2

GPS).

(antennae phase center) -

– ,

, . GPS L1

L2 .

" (cold start) –

,

.

(Cycle) – 1) , 360°;

2), GPS .

(Beat frequency) – ,

.

.

(fundamental frequency) – ,

10.23 .

.

(degrees of freedom) – ,

(

).

131

BRG (Bear ng) – .

CMR (Compact Measurement Record) –

, Tr mble

, .

.

DGPS (D fferent al Global Pos on ng System) –

GPS .

DOP (D lut on Of Prec on) –

). , DOP: GDOP, PDOP, HDOP, VDOP, RDOP.

EGNOS (European Geostat onary Overlay System) –

, GPS

, GPS-

.

FOC (Full Operat onal Capab ty) – GPS,

24

.

GDOP (Geometr c D lut on Of Prec on) –

.

GLONASS (Global Nav gat on Satell te System) –

.

GNSS (Global Nav gat on Satell te System) – ,

. GNSS-2 -

GPS .

GPS (Global Pos on ng System) –

.

GPST, GPS T me – GPS.

GPS week – GPS – GPS ,

684 800 . GPS UTC 5 6

1980 .

GPS (GPS nformat on Center) – GPS.

GRS80 (Geodet c Reference System) – ,

1980 .

132

(He ght Above Ell pso d) – . HDOP (Hor zontallut on Of Prec on) –

.

ERS ( nternat onal Earth Rotat on and Reference Systems Serv ce) –

,

( ),

.

TRF ( nternat onal Terrestr al Reference Frame) –

, ERS. 1988 . ERS

( TRP92, TRF93,..., TRF2000).

TRS ( nternat onal Terrestr al Reference System) – p

, ERS

.

L1 – GPS. 1.57542 .

L2 – GPS. 1.22760

.

L3 – L1 L2,

.

L4 – L1 L2,

.

L5 – L1 L2.

.

MSL (Mean Sea Level) – ( -

).

NAVSTAR (Nav gat on System by Ta ng and Rang ng) –

,.

OCS (Operat onal Control System) – .

PRN (Pseudo Random Number) – ,

.

RDOP (Relat ve D lut on of Prec on) –

.

NEX (Rece ver ndependent Exchange format) – GPS

, 1989 .

GPS- , R NEX,

.

RTK (Real T me K nmat c) –

.

133

SNR Mask – " – ",

.

SPS (Standard Pos on ng Serv ce) – ( )

GPS, ,

, .

, .

SV (Space Veh cle) –

NAVSTAR .

TDB (Ba ycentr c Dynam cal T me) – ,

.

TDOP (T me D lut on of Prec se on) –

, .

UTM – ( ).

– -

.

VDOP (Vert cal D lut on of Prec on) –

.

VRS (V rtual Reference Stat on) – .

WAAS (W de Area Augmentat on System) –

.

GPS ,

,

, ,

.

W-cod – , , 0.5115 ,

20.

WGS (World Geodet c System) – ,

DMA. WGS-84 WGS-72. WGS-84(G1150)

TRF-2000 . WPT (Way Po nt) – .

Y-code – .

134

1..

/

. // . – 2009. – . 51. – . 64-65.

2..

: 2 . / K.M. ; «

». – .: « », 2006.

1,2- 360 .

3.: , . 1. / [ . . .

3- ., . .]. – :

», 2009. – 514 .

4./ . . . –

: , 2001. – 668 .

5.. GPS- /

. – .: , 2001. – 167 .

6..

GPS. / . , .

, . – .: . , 1995. – 315 .

7.1:5000, 1:2000, 1:1000, 1:500. -2.04-02-98. – .: ,

, 1999. – 156 .

8.. . . .

: [ .]

–: , 2000. . – 324 .

9.. . / . , . , .

– .: , 2006. – 598 .

10.. : / . , . , .

,2- . . – .: , 2008. – 284 .

844 8 1998 .)

12.. , . : . . . / .

, . , . – : «

», 2007. – 508 .

: . . –

135

.: « » , 1999 . . 2.

– 345 .

14.Leica GPS 1200+. 7.

. . – Leica Geosystems G. 2008. – 228 .

15.. / . .

. : , 2003. – 328 .

16.(

). – : 2000. ,

. – 405 .

17.. GPS-

1- 2- / . , . //

. – 2001. – 61. ,

.– . 124 – 132.

18.. GPS-

/ . , . //

. – 2004. – 65. – ,

. .72 – 76.

19.. : , / .,

., . – : . «

», 2009. – 2- . . . – 484 .

136

1

1:500 0,5

: , ,

: Leica GPS 1200+;

1 – G 1230GG 60542, 1203 + GNSS;

2 – G 1230GG 60538, 1202 + GG;

3 – G 1230GG 60621, 1203 + GG.

: LGO.

1.1.

		,	,
	4	>20
	5	10 – 20	15
	6	5 – 10
	4	5 – 10	15

137

1.2.

				,
		.
		)	,
		1-		10.9.2011	10.9.2011
	1	2-		10	16
		3- 1075(
		.)
		1- 1083
	2/4	2-		10.9.2011	10.9.2011
		3- 1075 (		11	15
		.)
		1- 1083		10.9.2011	10.9.2011
	3	2- ( .)		11	15
		3-

138

2

1:500 0,5

: , ,

: Leica GPS 1200+:

1 – G 1230GG 60542, 1203 + GNSS;

2 – G 1230GG 60538, 1202 + GG;

: LGO.

– , « ».

– 15 .

– 5 .

2.1.

			,
		:
		( )
	1	1- 1516 ( .)	17.9.2011	17.9.2011
		2-	10	16
	2	1- 1426 ( .)	17.9.2011	17.9.2011
		2-	11	15
	3	1- 1007 ( .)	17.9.2011	17.9.2011
		2-	13	17

139

3

– 1

– « »

–

: = 46°, L = 33°, = 50

– 17.9.2011 .

– 1

= 0001

– G 1230 GG 60542

1202 GG 1535

– 1516

– 11h 07m. – 11h 30m.

( ) – 23m

– 20 .

– 15° t – 10°

: , - 10

1
2	-"-
3
4
5	-"-
6	-"-
7	-"-
8	-"-
9	-"-
10	-"-

140