1_seminar

1 семинар

Перевод имен собственных и географических названий (приемы: транскрипция, транслитерация, калька)

Exercise 1. Найдите русские соответствия следующим английским именам.

Andrew, Anne, Augustine, Basil, Charles, Daniel, Douglas, Eleanor, Eugene, Graham, Harriet, Hugh, Irene, Jemima, Jonathan, Judith, Kathleen, Keith, Lionel, Mary/Maria/Mariah, Noah, Richard, Rudyard, Valentine, William, Zacharias.

Exercise 2. Как передаются на русский язык следующие фамилии?

Barrimore, Bartlett, Birch, Blake, Blair, Cartwright, Greenough, Hubbard, Hutchinson, Jones, Methew, Pritchard, Raleigh, Samour, Thurber, Thorndyke, Thatcher, Reagan.

Exercise 3. Переведите на русский язык следующие имена.

King Charles I, Charles Dickens; King George III, George Osborne; King James I, James Watt; Queen Mary, Mary Barton; Queen Elisabeth, Elisabeth Gaskell; St Paul's Cathedral, Paul Dombey.

Exercise 4. Найдите, как читаются имена известных людей в оригинале и подберите им русские соответствия. Дайте переводческий комментарий.

Evelyn Waugh, Somerset Maugham, Raymond Pearl, John Galsworthy, Robet Betts Laughlin, William Thackeray, Ella Jane Fitzgerald, William Tecumseh Sherman, David Wark Griffith, Sean O’Casey, Edgar Rice Borroughs, Herbert George Wells, Jeremy Bentham, Truman Capote.

Exercise 5. Дайте перевод следующим географическим названиям и объясните, какой способ используется для перевода с английского языка.

Greater London, Glasgow, Edinburgh, Hereford, Hertford, Liverpool, Worcester, Southampton, Suffolk, Swansea, Portsmouth; Connecticut, Kentucky, Holly­wood, New York, New England, Utah, Pearl Harbour, Miami, Atlantic City, South Dakota; Sydney; the Mersey, the Severn, the Thames, the Hudson, Hudson Bay, the Golden Gate, Strait of Dover, the English Channel; Great Slave Lake, Great Bear Lake, Huron Lake, the Lake District, Great Barrier Reef; North Cape, Cape Canaveral, Cape of Good Hope; the Rocky Mts., the Blue Mts.; Great Sandy Desert, Arabian Desert.

Exercise 6. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на имена собственные и географические названия.

1. Eton college was founded by king Henry VI in 1440, when he was only eighteen.

2. Henry James is still read, discussed, admired.

3. Now Caesar’s position grew critical, as he was vulnerable to attack from the rear.

4. The silver Snake River cuts through hilly western Idaho.

5. A hundred paces from this fountainhead of the Danube lies the water-head of the Rhine, which ends its 820-mile course in the North Sea.

6. The Duke of Buckingham failed to induce Louis XIII and Richelieu to adopt his grandiose scheme to attack Spanish Netherlands.

Exercise 7. Переведите следующий текст, обращая внимание на передачу имен собственных.

Acknowledgments

I record first my deep gratitude to two friends, Steven Marcus and Patricia Meter Spacks, who not only provided a liberal education over the course of four summers at the National Humanities Center in North Carolina, but also, in Steven’s case, found – and not once but twice – an ideal place for me to work and, in Pat’s case, read – and not once but twice – the entire manuscript of this book. I am equally grateful to James M. Cox, who has nourished me with ideas and more for over twenty years. Josie Dixon, of Cambridge University Press, followed the work from near the beginning to the end with always thoughtful advice. Michael Griffith and Nicola Mason, of the Southern Review and Louisiana State University Press, cast an expert editorial eye over the manuscript and, in so doing, improved it immeasurably. I have been helped to the same end by conversations with various colleagues at Louisiana State University: Lewis P. Simpson, Dave Smith, J. Gerald Kennedy, Daniel Mark Fogel, Panthea Reid, Michelle and Jess Gellrich, John Irwin Fischer, Joseph Kronick, and Nat and Betsy Wing... I cannot find words equal to my indebtedness and so fall back on the simplest of expressions: thank you.