14. Fill in the gaps. Use the words from the box.

autodidacts	making	enhance	trade
research	editing	deals	graduates
scheduling	award	means	world
computer	advertising	emphasize	consoles

1. Sound applications include post-production for video and film, live sound reinforcement, …, multimedia and broadcasting.

2. Some sound engineers are … with no formal training.

3. Some music schools … a Bachelor of Music degree.

4. A sound engineer is proficient with … knowledge.

5. A sound engineer’s equipment contains large and format … .

6. A sound engineer is a specialist that … with the use of equipment.

7. There are four distinct steps: recording, …, mixing and mastering.

8. Music schools … the use of audio technology as opposed to the part of a traditional engineering program.

9. Many sound engineers have invented new technology, equipment and techniques to … the process and art.

10. … of an college or a university pass a difficult qualification test.

11. Sound engineers often carries out the role of a producer … a lot of decisions.

12. The sound engineer works with the help of different technical … .

13. People perform institutional … on sound and other advanced fields of audio engineering.

14. Sometimes sound engineers make artistic decisions and … .

15. A sound engineer is a specialist in a skilled … .

16. A lot of colleges and institutions around the … have degrees in sound engineering.

15. Which word is odd according to their meaning and use in every line? Explain your choice.

1. editing / manipulating / mastering / mixing / recording

2. acoustics / electronics / music / psychoacoustics / recording

3. analog tape / computer knowledge / digital multitrack recorders / recording media / workstations

4. advertising / application / broadcasting / live sound reinforcement / multimedia / post-production for video and film

5. broadcasting / electronics / fine arts / music / sound engineers

Language Study. Giving advice

Here are some ways in which we can give advice when making a recording. Note how we can make the advice stronger.

Thing to do

1. You should keep an eye on the recording level.

2. Always keep an eye on the recording level.

3. You must always keep an eye on the recording level.

Things not to do

1. You shouldn’t put the microphone too close to the drums.

2. Never put the microphone too close to the drums.

3. You must never put the microphone too close to the drums.

16. Give some advice to a sound engineer: write a list of thing to do and not to do. Use information from the text and any information of your own. When you have finished, discuss them in the class.

Writing.

17.Write the translation of the paragraphs beginning with “Sound engineering includes…” and the next one.

Lesson 9. Remote control

Lead-in.

1. Which commands are operated by remote control buttons with these symbols?

Reading and Vocabulary.

2. You are going to read the text about remote control. Make sure you remember these words and expressions.

widespread use channel to adjust the sound and the picture to operate wire to contract respective via to mimic to emulate exhibition

to execute wave purpose to shine a beam of light to distinguish to point precise to be similar to to cross handset length

3. Read the information about remote controls and choose the best heading (A – H) for each paragraph (1 – 7). There is one extra heading which you don’t need to use.

A. The first remote controls in Russia.

B. The Time of Coach Potatoes

C. Modern Use

D. The Communication via Signals

E. The Remote Control Transmitter

F. Controlling Equipment

G. The First Attempts

H. The Beginning of Television Remote Control

Remote Control

1. The widespread use of television remote controls has turned people in coach potatoes*. We can change channels, adjust the sound and the picture, and do a lot of other actions on the teletext systems with the push of a button.

2. A remote control is a device for controlling equipment from a short line-of-sight distance. This electronic device is used for operating the television set wirelessly. The remote control can be contracted to remote or controller. Usually remote controls are consumer infrared (IR) devices used to command from a distance to televisions or other consumer electronics such as stereo systems, DVD players and dimmers.

3. Most of modern remote controls communicate to their respective devices via IR signals and a few via radio signals. Television IR signals can be mimicked by a universal remote, which is able to emulate the functionality of most major brand television remote controls. They are usually powered by small AAA or AA or sometimes A23 size batteries.

4. One of the earliest examples of a remote control was developed in 1898 by Nikola Tesla. He demonstrated a radio-controlled boat to the public during an electrical exhibition at Madison Square Garden in New York. Tesla called his boat a "teleautomaton". In 1903 Leonardo Torres Quevedo presented the Telekino at the Paris Academy of Science. The Telekino consisted of a robot that executed commands transmitted by electromagnetic waves. It meant the world's first apparatus for radio control and was a pioneer in the field of remote control. The first remote-controlled model aeroplane flew in 1932, and the use of remote control technology for military purposes was worked intensively during the Second World War.

5. The first remote, which was intended to control a television, was developed by Zenith Radio Corporation in 1950. The remote, called "Lazy Bones", was connected to the television by a wire. A wireless remote control the "Flashmatic" was developed in 1955. It worked by shining a beam of light onto a special cell, but the cell did not distinguish between light from the remote and light from other sources. The Flashmatic also had to be pointed very precisely at the receiver in order to work. In the 1970s remote controls used ultrasonic tones.

6. The modern remote control contains keys and electronic components similar to those of a calculator. The keys are connected by wires which cross beneath each individual key. Pressing a key completes an electrical circuit, and a signal is sent to a microchip which, in turn, sends a series of on-off electrical pulses to a light-emitting diode (LED) at the front of the handset. A code spelt out by the length and spacing of these pulses switches on the LED. The LED flashes on and off to send an infrared beam to the receiving ‘eye’ on the television set.

7. Since the first remote control there have been a lot of stages of its development. Nowadays the remote control is used in military, space, video games, photography and other fields of science.

Couch potatoes* are people who spend most of their time sitting on a couch (sofa) watching television.