АВТ_ТПиП (лекции)

ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ......................................................................................................				4
1.	ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ...........................................................................			13
2.	ɉɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ............................................................			15
3.	Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ........................................................			17
	3.1.	Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ, ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ.............................................................		17
	3.2.	Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ........................................................................................................		19
	3.3.	Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ....................................................................................................		21
	3.4.	Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ. ............................................................................................		22
	3.5.	Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɇ...............................................................................................................		24
	3.6. Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ...............................................................			26
ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ......................................................				27
4.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɝɢɞɪɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ......................................................................		27
	4.1.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɝɚɡɨɜ.........................................	27
	4.2.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ.......................................	31
5.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ........................................................................................		32
	5.1.	Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ ɫɦɟɲɟɧɢɹ...................................................................		33
	5.2.	Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤɨɜ..........................................................		38
	5.3.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɬɪɭɛɱɚɬɵɯ ɩɟɱɟɣ......................................................................................	42
6.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɦɚɫɫɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ.............................................................................		45
	6.1.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɪɟɤɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ..........................................................................	46
	6.2.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɢ. ...............................................................................	53
	6.3.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɢ - ɞɟɫɨɪɛɰɢɢ...........................................................	57
	6.4.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜɵɩɚɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ............................................................................	59
	6.5.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɷɤɫɬɪɚɤɰɢɢ...............................................................................	64
	6.6.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɫɭɲɤɢ. ......................................................................................	66
	6.6.1.		ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɜ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɭɲɢɥɤɟ ....................................................................	66
	6.6.2.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɭɲɢɥɨɤ ɫ ɤɢɩɹɳɢɦ ɫɥɨɟɦ.............................................................	69
7.		ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɪɟɚɤɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ. ...................................................................................		71
	Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ. ...............................................................................			71
Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɩɨ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɤ ɷɤɡɚɦɟɧɭ..............................................				74
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ..........................................................................................................................................				76

3

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ

ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ - ɷɬɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟɦ, ɪɚɡɪɚ- ɛɨɬɤɨɣ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟɦ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ (ɬ.ɟ. ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɛɟɡ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧ- ɧɨɝɨ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ).

ɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ - ɷɬɨ ɷɬɚɩ ɦɚɲɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɤ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɦ (ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɷɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɢɹ).

ɌɈɍ - ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ - ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨ- ɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɧɚ ɧɟɦ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ.

Ⱥɋɍ - ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɨ-ɦɚɲɢɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɨɛɟɫ- ɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɫɛɨɪ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɭɸ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɬɢ- ɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɮɟɪɚɯ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ.

Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɣ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɝɞɟ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚ- ɸɬ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ (ɧɟɮɬɟɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ, ɧɟɮɬɟɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɸɳɚɹ, ɦɟ- ɬɚɥɥɭɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɢ ɞɪ.) ɩɨɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɥɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɱɟɦ ɥɨ- ɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɋɊ. ɗɬɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ - ɋɍ Ɍɉ.

ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɫɬɚɥɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɦ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɸ ɗȼɆ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɢ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɝɨ ɩɨ- ɤɨɥɟɧɢɣ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɢɯ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɢ ɧɚɞɺɠɧɨɫɬɢ.

Ⱥɋɍ Ɍɉ - ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɋɍ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɧɚ ɌɈɍ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɦ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ - ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɦ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɳɢɦ ɤɚ-

ɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɌɈɍ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ.

ȺɌɄ - ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɌɈɍ ɢ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢ- ɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ.

ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɋ Ɋ:

ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɨɬɨɤɨɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ;

ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ, ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ;

ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɚ ɫ ɍȼɆ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟ- ɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ;

ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɩɭɫɤ ɢ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜ- ɤɭ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ.

Ɉɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɬɢɩɚ ɰɟɯɨɜ ɢ ɡɚɜɨɞɨɜ- ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɨɜ (ɜɵɫɲɚɹ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɶ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ) ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɭɱɚ- ɫɬɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɯ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ.

4

	ɉɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɨɬ			ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɤ ɩɨɥɧɨ-					Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ
ɫɬɶɸ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɦ									ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥ
ɫɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ:
	ɧɟɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɦ				ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢ-				5
	ɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ (ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɧɟ-
	ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ				ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢ-		7	6	4	3	2
							Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɢ
	ɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ;
							ɋɍ Ɍɉ
	ɧɢɡɤɨɣ ɧɚɞɺɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨ-
	ɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ		ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ;			ɧɟ-
	ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ			ɧɚɞɺɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ					1
	ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɜɵ-
	ɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ;								ɌɈɍ
	ɬɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ			ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
	ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱ, ɪɟɲɚɟɦɵɯ ɱɟ-						Ɋɢɫ. 1. Ɍɢɩɨɜɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ				ɋɍ Ɍɉ.
	ɥɨɜɟɤɨɦ ɜ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɢ ɬ.ɞ.)
							1– ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ (ɂ); 2 – ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ-
	Ƚɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɚɹ			ɰɟɥɶ	ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
							ɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ
ɌɈɍ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ				ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɜ			ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ (ɂ); 3 – ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɧɟ
							ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɦɵɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ (ɂ); 4 – ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɢɧɮɨɪ-
ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ ɷɤɫɬɪɟɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟ-							ɦɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɫɨ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ
							ɋɍ (ɂ); 5 – ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɢ (ɢɥɢ) ɩɨ ɜɵɡɨɜɭ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɟ-
ɧɢɹ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥ-							ɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ; 6 – ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ
							ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ (ɍ); 7 – ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸ-
ɧɟɧɢɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɯ							ɳɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ, ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ.
ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ.
	ȼ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɰɟɥɶ ɪɚɡɛɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɪɹɞ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ; ɞɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɢ-
ɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ.
	Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ		ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ
ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ.
	ɑɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɰɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦ
ɫɨɩɨɞɱɢɧɟɧɢɢ, ɨɛɪɚɡɭɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ								ɋɍ Ɍɉ.
	Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɢ	ɋɍ Ɍɉ:

1.ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ - ɫɛɨɪ, ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɌɈɍ; ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɭ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɟɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ- ɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ.

2.ɉɟɪɜɢɱɧɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɌɈɍ.

3.Ɉɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɨɛɨ- ɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ.

4.Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɧɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɦɵɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ (ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ, ɪɚɫɱɟɬ Ɍɗɉ, ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ);

5.Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ.

5

6. Ɉɛɦɟɧ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɫ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ.
7. Ɉɛɦɟɧ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɫɨ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɜɵɲɟɫɬɨɹɳɢɦɢ							ɋɍ.
	ɍɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɨɛɟɫ-
ɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ		ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ		ɷɤɫɬɪɟɦɚɥɶ-			ɌɈɍ
ɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬ-
ɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ, ɨɧɢ ɞɟɥɹɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɜɟ
ɝɪɭɩɩɵ:						ɂɍ		ɂɂ
	ɩɟɪɜɚɹ – ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɬɢ-
ɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ;						Ɍɋ			Ɉɛɦɟɧ ɫ
	ɜɬɨɪɚɹ – ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɪɟ-								ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ
ɠɢɦɚ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɩɪɚɜ-								ɍɋɈ
ɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɧɚ ɌɈɍ (ɫɬɚɛɢ-
ɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ, ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ;						ɍɋɈɉ		ȼɄ
ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨ-ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ).						Ɉɉ	ɍȼɄ
	ȼɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ			ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
						Ɋɢɫ. 2. Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɄɌɋ			ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɞɥɹ ɪɚ-
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ			ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ	ɜɧɭɬɪɢɫɢɫ-
ɬɟɦɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ.						ɛɨɬɵ ɜ ɫɭɩɟɪɜɢɡɨɪɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ.
						Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɄɌɋ		ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧ-
	Ⱦɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ				ɋɍ	ɧɨɝɨ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ:
						ɂɂ – ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ; ɍɋɈ – ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɨɛɴ-
Ɍɉ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵ:						ɟɤɬɨɦ; ȼɄ – ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ; ɍɋɈɉ – ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ
						ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ; Ɉɉ – ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɫɨ-
	ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ;					ɧɚɥ; Ɍɋ – ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢ-
						ɡɚɰɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ; ɂɍ – ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ
	ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɟ;					ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ.
	ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ;
	ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ;
	ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥ.
	Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ				ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ (ɄɌɋ),
ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɣ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ:

ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɌɈɍ;

ɍȼɄ (ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ);

ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ;

ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚ ɌɈɍ.

ȼ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ Ɍɋ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɜɯɨɞɹɬ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɡ ɫɨ- ɫɬɚɜɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɜɟɬɜɢ Ƚɋɉ.

ɋɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɦ ɄɌɋ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɍȼɄ, ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜɯɨɞɹɬ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ (ȼɄ), ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɫɜɹɡɢ ȼɄ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɦ (ɍɋɈ) ɢ ɫ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɟɪ- ɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ.

6

ɉɟɪɜɵɦ ɢ ɞɨ ɫɢɯ ɩɨɪ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɵɦ ɬɢɩɨɦ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ. ȼ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ ɫ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɣ ɜɫɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚɹ ɞɥɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɌɄ, ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɜ ɟɞɢɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ - ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɫɤɢɣ ɩɭɧɤɬ, ɝɞɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɩɪɚɤ- ɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɫɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɋɍ Ɍɉ, ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɢɫ- ɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ. Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɚ ɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɪɹɞ ɩɪɟɢɦɭ-

ɳɟɫɬɜ.
	ɇɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɚɦɢ ɟɺ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ:
	ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɧɚ-
	ɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ;

ɛɨɥɶɲɢɟ ɡɚɬɪɚɬɵ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ.

Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɩɨ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɤɨɦɩɚɤɬ-

ɧɵɯ

ɌɄ.

ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɟɦ ɦɢɤɪɨ-

ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɧɨɣ

ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ

ɜɫɺ

ɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ

ɌɈɍ

ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ

ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ

ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟ-

ɥɺɧɧɚɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ

ɋɍ

Ɍɉ, ɬ.ɟ. ɪɚɫɱɥɟɧɺɧɧɚɹ ɧɚ ɪɹɞ ɚɜɬɨ-

ɧɨɦɧɵɯ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦ - ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɟɯ-

ɂɍ

ɂɂ

ɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ

ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ

ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ,

ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɨ

ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɯ

ɩɨ

Ɉɛɦɟɧ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɢ-

ɦɢ ɋɍ

ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ

ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɦ

ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟ-

ɍɋɈ

ɧɢɹ. Ʉɚɠɞɚɹ

ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɚɹ

ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ

ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɨɞɧɨɬɢɩɧɨ ɜɵ-

ɍɋɈɉ

ȼɄ

ɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɭɸ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤ-

ɍȼɄ

Ɉɉ

ɬɭɪɭ, ɹɞɪɨɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɩɪɚɜ-

Ɋɢɫ. 3. Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɄɌɋ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɞɥɹ ɪɚ-

ɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɦɢɤɪɨ-ɗȼɆ.

ɛɨɬɵ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜ-

Ʌɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɱɟɪɟɡ

ɥɟɧɢɹ.

ɫɜɨɢ ɦɢɤɪɨ-ɗȼɆ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɜ ɟɞɢɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɫɟɬɶɸ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

Ʉ ɫɟɬɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɌɄ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɟɪɚ-

ɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɚ.

ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ

ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɜɫɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟ-

ɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɟɞɢɧɨɟ ɰɟɥɨɟ, ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɟɟ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɞɨɫɬɨɢɧɫɬɜ:

ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɧɚɞɺɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɫɱɺɬ ɪɚɫɳɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɋɍ

Ɍɉ ɧɚ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɢ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɵɯ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɢ

ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɢɡ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɟɬɶ;

ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɣ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ;

7

ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɝɢɛɤɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɢ ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬ.ɞ.

Ȼɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɦ ɤɨɦɩɨ- ɧɟɧɬɨɦ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɟɺ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ (ɉɈ), ɬ.ɟ. ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɋɍ Ɍɉ.

ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɞɟɥɢɬɫɹ:

ɨɛɳɟɟ;

ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ.

Ɉɛɳɟɟ ɉɈ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ ɫɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ.

ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɉɈ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɣ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɩɪɨ- ɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɟɺ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ.

ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ (ɆɈ). ɆɈ – ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ, ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɫɨɡɞɚɸɬ ɫɩɟɰɢ- ɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɆɈ, ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜɯɨɞɹɬ:

ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɫɛɨɪɚ, ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ;

ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɦɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ;

ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɵ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ.

ȼɫɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɋɍ Ɍɉ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɨɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵ ɦɚɫɫɢɜɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɤɨ-

ɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɩɪɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ	ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɟɺ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ.
ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɫɚɦɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ, ɰɢɪɤɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɚɹ ɜ ɋɍ Ɍɉ, ɨɛɪɚ-
ɡɭɸɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɋɍ Ɍɉ.
Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ	ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɣ

ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ, ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɢ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧ- ɬɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɚ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɭɸ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɋɍ Ɍɉ.

Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɨɜ-ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɜ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɌɈɍ, ɷɤɫɩɥɭɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɚ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɋɍ Ɍɉ (ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɗȼɆ, ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɫɬɵ, ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥ ɩɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɄɌɋ).

Ɉɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɜɧɟ ɧɟɝɨ. ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ɉɉ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬ ɜɫɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɢɯ,

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɌɈɍ, ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɄɌɋ. Ɍɚɤɨɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ - ɫɨɜɟɬɭɸɳɢɦ.

8

ȿɫɥɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɜɧɟ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɨɧ ɡɚɞɚɫɬ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɪɟ- ɠɢɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɡɚ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɨ- ɫɬɚɜɚ ɄɌɋ, ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɞɜɭɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɚɯ:

ɤɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ (ɫɭɩɟɪɜɢɡɨɪɧɨɦ);

ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɍȼɄ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧ- ɧɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɢɡɦɟɧɹɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚ ɌɈɍ.

ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɩɹɬɶ ɫɬɚɞɢɣ:

1.ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɟ (ɌɁ);

2.ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ (Ɍɉ);

3.ɪɚɛɨɱɢɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ (Ɋɉ);

4.ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɟ ɋɍ Ɍɉ;

5.ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɟɺ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ.

ɇɚ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɌɁ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɷɬɚɩɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɟ ɧ ɭɱɧɨ-ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜ ɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɟ

ɪɛɨɬɵ (ɇɂɊ), ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɵɟ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟɦ-ɡɚɤɚɡɱɢɤɨɦ. Ƚɥɚɜɧɚɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɯ ɇɂɊ – ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɰɟɥɶ ɢ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨ- ɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɌɈɍ, ɬɟɯɧɢɤɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ-ɩɪɨɬɨɬɢɩɚ, ɢɯ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨ- ɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹ-ɦɢ; ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɌɈɍ, ɬ. ɟ. ɜɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ (ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢ- ɪɭɟɦɵɟ ɢ ɧɟɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɭɳɚɸɳɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ, ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ), ɜɵ- ɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵ ɢ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɦɢ; ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɫɬɚɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɞɢɧɚ- ɦɢɤɢ, ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ (ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɌɈɍ); ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɜɨɡɦɭɳɚɸɳɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ.

ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɪɭɞɨɟɦɤɚɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɧɚ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɯ ɇɂɊ – ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟ-

ɫɤɢɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɌɈɍ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɩɪɢ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɟ ɋɍ Ɍɉ. ɉɪɢ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɟ ɥɨ- ɤɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɋɊ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɥɢɧɟɚɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɢ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɯ ɞɢɮ- ɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ 1 – 2-ɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɫ ɡɚɩɚɡɞɵɜɚɧɢɟɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɧɵɦ ɤɚɧɚɥɚɦ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ. Ⱦɥɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚɦɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɟ ɫɨ- ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɡ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɚ ɌɈɍ, ɢɥɢ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɪɟɫɫɢɢ. ȼ ɡɚɞɚɱɚɯ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚɦɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ- ɡɭɸɬ ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɟ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɡ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɚ, ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ.

ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɯ ɇɂɊ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟ- ɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɟ «Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ», ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɭɪɫɟ «Ɇɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɗȼɆ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ».

9

	Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɯ ɇɂɊ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɧɚ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɷɫɤɢɡɧɨɣ
ɪ ɡɪ ɛɨɬɤɢ Ⱥɋɍ Ɍɉ, ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ:
	ɜɵɛɨɪ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɌɈɍ,
	ɟɟ ɞɟɤɨɦɩɨɡɢɰɢɹ (ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ) ɢ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɥɨɤɚɥɶ-
	ɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɫɬɪɨɹɬ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ
	ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ;
	ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɋɍ Ɍɉ;
	ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɌɈɍ ɢ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ȼɄ (ɛɵɫɬɪɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ,
	ɨɛɴɟɦ ɡɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɸɳɢɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ), ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɋɍ
	Ɍɉ;
	ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɄɌɋ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɍȼɄ;
	ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɋɍ Ɍɉ.
	ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɡɚɞɚ-
ɱɢ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɌɈɍ.
	Ɉɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɷɬɚɩɚ (ɤɪɨɦɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ-
ɫɬɢ)	ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɭ ɋɍ Ɍɉ, ɩɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ

ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɣ. ɇɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɩɵɬ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɞɥɹ ɌɈɍ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɫɬɟ- ɩɟɧɢ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɟɪɟɜɟɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɪɹɞɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɢ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɨɜ ɢɡ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɧɚ- ɭɱɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɜ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɸ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɦ ɩɭɬɟɦ. Ʉ ɢɯ ɱɢɫɥɭ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ (ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɪɚɫɱɟɬ Ɍɗɉ, ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɭɫɪɟɞɧɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɞɪ.), ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɬɢɩɨɜɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚ- ɰɢɢ, ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ (ɫɢɝɧɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ, ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɚɜɚɪɢɣɧɚɹ ɛɥɨ- ɤɢɪɨɜɤɚ, ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɬɢɩɨɜɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɇɐɍ ɢ ɞɪ.).

Ɂɚɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɢɦ ɷɬɚɩɨɦ ɷɫɤɢɡɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɜ ɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɪ ɫɱɟɬ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. ȼɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɟɝɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚ- ɥɢɫɬɵ ɩɨ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɟ, ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɧɢɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɵ ɩɨ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɟ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɵ.

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɝɨɞɨɜɨɣ ɷɤɨ- ɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɨɬ ɟɟ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ

ɗ (ɋ2 S2 ) (C1 S1 ) Eɧ (K2 K1 ) ,

ɝɞɟ ɋ1 ɢ ɋ2 – ɝɨɞɨɜɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɦɵ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɩɬɨɜɵɯ ɰɟɧɚɯ ɞɨ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɹ ɋɍ Ɍɉ, ɬɵɫ. ɪɭɛ.; S1 ɢ S2 – ɫɟɛɟɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɞɨ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɬɵɫ. ɪɭɛ; K1 ɢ K2 – ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɚɬɪɚɬɵ ɧɚ ɌɄ ɞɨ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɜ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɋɍ Ɍɉ, ɬɵɫ. ɪɭɛ; Eɧ – ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ

ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɭ, ɪɭɛ/ɪɭɛ.

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɯɢɦɢ- ɤɨ-ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɪɨɫɬ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɢ (ɢɥɢ) ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɟɟ ɫɟɛɟɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɢ. ɍɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɯ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɱɚɳɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ ɫɵɪɶɹ, ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɧɚ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɭ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɨɱɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ, ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɸ

10

ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ (ɫɨɪɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɰɟɧɵ), ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɬɟɪɶ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɧɟɩɥɚɧɨɜɵɯ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ ɩɪɨ- ɰɟɫɫɚ, ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɲɢɛɤɚɦɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɪ. ɇɚ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɯ ɇɂɊ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵ- ɹɜɥɟɧɵ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɫɢɫ- ɬɟɦɵ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ.

ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɟɫɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɚɢɜɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ 20 % ɩɥɚɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ 1/4 ɜɵɡɜɚɧɚ ɨɲɢɛɤɚɦɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɚ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɧɟ- ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞ ɚɜɚɪɢɣɧɵɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɣ, ɬɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɋɍ Ɍɉ, ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɳɟɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɧɨ- ɡɚ ɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɣ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɷɬɢ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ. Ɍɨɝɞɚ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚɟɦɨɣ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɧɚɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢɫɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟɬ ɧɚ 5 %, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɬ ɤ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɫɟɛɟ- ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ.

ɇɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɩɵɬ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɵ ɷɤɨ- ɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɟɯ- ɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ, ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɨɬ 0,5 ɞɨ 6 %. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ, ɱɟɦ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɨɬɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ, ɬɟɦ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɵ.

Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɧɟ ɜɫɟ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ (ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ) ɪɟɡɟɪɜɵ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ

ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɹ	ɋɍ Ɍɉ. Ɏɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ
ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɧɟ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ	ɋɍ Ɍɉ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɜ ɧɟ-

ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɌɈɍ, ɩɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ, ɜ ɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɧɚ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ, ɜ ɨɬɤɚɡɚɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ- ɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ, ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɢ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɢ ɬ. ɞ. Ɋɟɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɬ 25 ɞɨ 75 % ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ, ɩɪɢɱɟɦ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɱɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ, ɬɟɦ ɜ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɨɧ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ. Ɉɫ- ɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɪɨɤ ɨɤɭɩɚɟ-

ɦɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ

K K

Tok 2 1 . (C2 S2 ) (C1 S1 )

Ɉɧ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɜɟɧ 3 ɝɨɞɚɦ.

Ɂɚɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɞɢɟɣ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɷɬɚɩɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟ- ɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɮɭɧɤ- ɰɢɣ, ɬɟɯɧɢɤɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɋɍ Ɍɉ, ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɇɂɊ ɢ ɩɥɚɧ-ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.

ɉɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɧɟɬɢɩɨɜɵɯ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɷɬɚɩ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ 25 % ɨɛɳɟɣ ɬɪɭɞɨɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɟ ɇɂɊ–15 %. ɉɪɢ ɬɢɪɚɠɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɩɟɪɜɚɹ ɫɬɚɞɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ ɢɥɢ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɚ.

ɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɷɬɚɩɨɦ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɬɢɩɨɜɨɣ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ , ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ, ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨ-

11

ɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ. Ɋɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚ ɷɬɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɚɹ ɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ.

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɇɂɊ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɢ ɭɝɥɭɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɯ ɇɂɊ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɭɬɨɱɧɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɢɦɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɗȼɆ ɪɚɛɨɬɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜ- ɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɨɜ, ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɋɍ Ɍɉ. ɍɬɨɱɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɢ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɩɪɨ- ɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚɦɢ, ɪɚɡɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɪ- ɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɋɍ Ɍɉ.

Ɉɱɟɧɶ ɜɚɠɧɵɦ ɢ ɬɪɭɞɨɟɦɤɢɦ ɷɬɚɩɨɦ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ Ɍɉ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. ɉɨ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦɫɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚɦ, ɬɪɭɞɨɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɟɰɢ- ɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɉɈ ɛɵɥɚ ɛɥɢɡɤɚ ɤ ɨɛɳɟɦɭ ɨɛɴɟɦɭ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɯ ɇɂɊ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɚ 15 % ɨɬ ɨɛɳɢɯ ɬɪɭɞɨɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɧɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɋɍ Ɍɉ.

ɇɚ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ Ɍɉ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɸɬ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɄɌɋ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɩɨ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɧɚ- ɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɡɚɬɪɚɬɵ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ 30 % ɨɬ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɧɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɋɍ Ɍɉ.

ɇɚ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɹ ɋɍ Ɍɉ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɧɵɟ ɢ ɩɭɫɤɨ-ɧɚɥɚɞɨɱɧɵɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ, ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɢɡɭɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɦ ɤɭɪɫɟ. Ɍɪɭɞɨɡɚɬɪɚ- ɬɵ ɧɚ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɨɤɨɥɨ 30% ɨɬ ɨɛɳɢɯ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɧɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ.

ɉɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɋɍ Ɍɉ, ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɜ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɬɢɪɚɠɢɪɨɜɚ- ɧɢɸ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɬɢɩɧɵɯ ɌɈɍ, ɜɚɠɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɸɬ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ, ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɯ ɩɪɢ ɟɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢ, ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɮɚɤ- ɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɋɍ Ɍɉ.

Ʌɸɛɨɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɪɺɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɨɩɟ-

ɪɚɰɢɣ:

1.ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɫɵɪɶɹ;

2.ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ;

3.ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɥɟɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ.

ɗɬɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɟɞɢɧɭɸ ɫɥɨɠɧɭɸ ɯɢɦɢɤɨ-

ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ (ɏɌɋ).

ɋɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ, ɡɚɜɨɞ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɚɬ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɦɚɫ- ɲɬɚɛɚ, ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦ, ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɫɭɳɟ- ɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɩɨɞɱɢɧɺɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɢɟɪɚɪɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɫ ɬɪɟɦɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɭ- ɩɟɧɹɦɢ.

Ʉɚɠɞɚɹ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɯɢɦɢ- ɤɨ-ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɨɧɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɤɚɤ ɟɞɢ- ɧɨɟ ɰɟɥɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ.

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