Words and expressions
1. independent — ОЕЪБЧЙУЙНЩК
2. evergreen — ЧЕЮОПЪЕМЕОЩК
3. grassland — ТБКПО МХЗПЧ Й РБУФВЙЭ
4. native — НЕУФОЩК
5. to resemble — ЙНЕФШ УИПДУФЧП
6. rainfall — МЙЧЕОШ
7. dairying — НПМПЮОБС РТПНЩЫМЕООПУФШ
8. cabinet — ЛБВЙОЕФ НЙОЙУФТПЧ
ROSTOV-ON-DON
My native city is Rostov-on-Don. It is the capital of the Don area. It was founded in 1749. It is situated on the right bank of the river Don.
In the past Rostov was a small town with small population. But now the territory of Rostov-on-Don is 380 square kilometres and the population is more than one million people.
Our city is a big industrial, scientific and cultural centre in the South of Russia. The plant “Rostselmash” is known not only in our country but abroad as well.
The largest scientific and educational establishment is the Rostov State University, which was founded in 1915 and now has more then ten faculties.
In Rostov there are four theatres: Gorky Drama Theatre, Musical Comedy, Puppet Show, Theatre of Young Spectators. The Gorky Theatre is surrounded by a large park named after the October Revolution. It is one of many parks and gardens which make Rostov a green town and where Rostovites like to walk on a nice sunny day.
During the Second World War Rostov-on-Don was occupied twice (1941 and 1942). The war cost Rostovites huge losses in life. That is why in the city there are a lot of monuments devoted to the war years and people who gave their lives for our peaceful life.
Rostov-on-Don is a large transport centre. It is not only a big knot of railways and airways but it is also the port of five seas (the Baltic, the White, the Caspian, the Black and the Sea of Asov).
Nowadays Rostov-on-Don as many other cities and villages in Russia is undergone the process of economical changes. Factories and plants can hardly survive in the conditions of deep economic crisis. But we hope that in some years people will be able to overpass all the difficulties and Rostov-on-Don will occupy its place of one of the biggest industrial cities of Russia.
Words and expressions
1. bank — ВЕТЕЗ
2. abroad — ЪБ ТХВЕЦПН
3. establishment — ХЮТЕЦДЕОЙЕ
4. puppet show — ЛХЛПМШОЩК ФЕБФТ
5. cost — УФПЙФШ
6. loss — РПФЕТС
7. knot — ХЪЕМ
8. to be undergone — РПДЧЕТЗБФШУС
9. to survive — ЧЩЦЙЧБФШ
10. to overpass — РТЕПДПМЕФШ
11. huge — ПЗТПНОЩК
RUSSIA
Russia is one of the largest countries in the world. Its total area is over 17 million square kilometres. It is situated both in Europe and in Asia.
There are different types of climate on its territory. It is very cold in the North even in summer, and very warm in the South even in winter. There are many rivers in Russia, the longest are the Volga and the Yenisei and the Ob'.
The population of Russia is about 150 million people. The capital of our country is Moscow.
As for the political system, Russia is a federal republic. The legislative body of the country is State Duma and the executive body is a Council of Ministers, headed by the Prime Minister. The president is the head of the state and the government. He is elected every four years.
Big changes in political and economical life have happened in Russia during last years. Our country is involved in the complicated process of formation of completely new relations in international and domestic life. First the political life has been changed. For the first time since 1917 we have started the construction of democratic society, the correction of all mistakes made by the communist regime for 70 years. The most difficult thing is the alter-nation of people's mentality. As now there is no such notion like “capitalism is the socialism's enemy” usual for the consciousness of many generations of former soviet citizens.
The changes in the sphere of economy are being done with great difficulties. Almost all the connections between the republics of the former USSR have been broken. The formation of the new economy is a very long process of creation of new economic connections with inner and foreign partners. The political ambitions of many countries of the former USSR and hard inflation processes in the country are the real obstacles on the way to the new economy. But in spite of all these facts we should say, that Russia is going ahead. This can be proved, for example, by the attitude to our country in the world, by the first democratic elections of the President of Russia. This event became the great landmark in the history of the renewed Russian state. We believe in the great future of Russia.