Вариант 5

I. Заполните пропуски и переведите предложения:

1. Smoking is coming ___ the engine room.

a) between b) on c) for d) from

2. Switch ___ the fire alarms.

a) at b) off c) from d) near

3. ____ fire extinguishers are in the galley?

a) How long b) How far c) How much d) How many

4. ___ your vessel come from?

a) How have b) When has c) Where has d) What have

5. You were with another ___ on your last contract, weren’t you?

a) arrival b) crew c) distress d) assistance

6. The fire broke out when we ____the generator.

a) start b) have started c) had starting d) started

7. For ___ I require all crew members to go to their assembly stations.

a) god’s sake b) safety reasons c) the first time d) good sailing

II. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на инфинитивные конструкции.

1. The ship is expected to arrive on time.

2. I saw you come in.

3. Sea conditions are expected to change.

4. He is said to have been working at this Shipping company since 2003.

III. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на употребление конструкций английского языка used to, would rather:

1. I'd rather stay late than come in early tomorrow. 2. I'd rather solve the problem myself. 3. I would rather listen to my parents than get in trouble. 4. Nick used to play the flute but now he plays the guitar.

5. They used to go to the beach for their holidays when they were children.

IV. Запишите и письменно переведите текст.

Dynamo

Dynamo is a common device for converting mechanical energy into electric energy. This process depends on the fact that if an electrical conductor moves across a magnetic field, an electric current flows in the conductor.

Usually a dynamo includes an electromagnet, called the field magnet, between the poles of which a suitable conductor, usually in the form of a coil, called the armature, is rotated. The mechanical energy of the rotation, in the form of a current in the armature, is thus converted into electric energy.

V. Прочитайте текст, сделайте реферирование текста на английском языке в письменной форме (см. Приложение 6). Переведите письменно свой текст на русский язык.

MARPOL

In 1973 IMO adopted the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, modified again in 1978. The actual regulations to prevent pollution by environment unfriendly substances are given in “Annexes”. All the regulations are guided by the size of the ship. Bigger ships must meet more stringent requirements.

Annex I. This regulation is against pollution by oil. It concerns the oil generated by the engine room for all ships, and for cargo residue of oil tankers. Engine rooms generate waste oils, mostly mixed with water. This mixture is collected in the engine room bilge wells, from where it is pumped to a bilge holding tank. When the ship is underway at sea, at least 50 miles from the nearest land, and not in a

restricted area, oily mixtures with an oil content of max 15 ppm are allowed to be pumped overboard. To fulfill this requirement, ships have to be provided with a bilge-water separator, combined with an oil content meter with a 15 ppm alarm.

When the oil content is found to be more than 15 ppm, the alarm sounds and the overboard valve is automatically closed. The dirty water is then pumped to the sludge tank.

Oil tankers have apart from the engine-room generated oils, another problem. When an oil cargo is discharged, there is always residue, and often the tanks must be cleaned to prepare them for a next cargo. Washing is done with rotating water jets in the tanks, generating an oily water mixture which is pumped to the so-called slop tank. There it settles into oil and water. The water can be pumped out, under control of the Oil Discharge Monitor which measures the oil content. Again max 15 ppm, underway, 50 miles from shore, not in restricted areas and not more than 30 litres of oil per nautical mile, and the oil pumped overboard maximized to 1/15000 part of the cargo (for new ships 1/30.000).

The Marpol regulations first started with minimizing oil pollution, and over the years grew more and more stringent with the aim to stop pollution completely.