Топик Москва

MOSCOW

The capital city of the Russian Federation is Moscow. It is one of the largest cities in the world. More than 10 million people live in Moscow. Moscow is the cultural, governmental, industrial, and scientific centre of Russia. Moscow is the seat of the government of the Russian Federation.

Moscow was founded during the 12th century. It emerged as the most powerful Russian city in the late 1400's. Architects from northern Italy and Russia were involved in building and construction of the Kremlin. Italian architects built the Cathedral of the Assumption, the Granovitaya Palace, the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great. The architects blended the Italian Renaissance classical style with more traditional Russian forms. In the 1700's and 1800's, construction was continued but in the baroque and later neoclassical styles. Notable buildings from that period include the Arsenal, the Menshikov Tower, and the Grand Kremlin Palace. Today, most Kremlin’s buildings serve as the museums where paintings, jewels, and crowns of Russian tsars are exhibited.

Moscow has been a centre of Russian and the world culture. The Bolshoi Theatre presents operas and ballets. The Bolshoi Ballet has become internationally known and admired. The Moscow State Symphony and other orchestras perform at the Tchaikovsky Concert Hall. The city also features a number of famous drama theatres, including the Maly, Pushkin, Mayakovsky, and Moscow Art theatres.

There are about 75 museums and many art galleries in Moscow: the State Historical Museum, Tretyakov Gallery, Central Museum of the Revolution. Russian National Exhibition Centre represents science and technology achievements. Over 1,200 main libraries operate in Moscow. The Russian State Library is the largest library in Russia.

Russian capital is famous for its long harsh winter, hot summer, and early rainy autumn. The Moscow River flows through the city. Approaching the city's most famous sights by water allows you to see Novodevichy Convent, the “wedding cake” Stalinist skyscraper of Moscow State University, Zurab Tsereteli's Peter the Great statue, and iconic St. Basil's Cathedral straight away from the best vantage points.

Moscow's metro system is fast, efficient, and inexpensive. The majority of metro stations are decorated in fine materials by master craftsmen being a unique and impressive aspect of Russia's transit system.

Emerge [iˈmɜːdʒ] - возникать

Baroque [bəˈrɒk] - Барокко

Neoclassical [ˌniːəʊˈklæsɪkl] – Неоклассический

Renaissance [rɪˈneɪsns] – Ренессанс

the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great - Колокольня Ивана Великого

the Cathedral of the Assumption – Успенский собор

Jewel [ˈdʒuːəl] - ювелирное изделие; ценная вещь

vantage point [ ˈvɑːntɪdʒ pɔɪnt] - место, дающее хороший обзор

Novodevichy Convent [ˈkɒnvənt ] - Новоде́вичий монасты́рь

Construction [kənˈstrʌkʃn] сооружение; постройка

to admire [ədˈmaɪə(r)] — восторгаться

orchestra [ˈɔːkɪstrə] — оркестр

to feature — являться характерной чертой, отличительным признаком; отличать, характеризовать