International links of Ukraine
Міжнародні зв’язки України.) (3, 4,5)
Ukraine’s friendship and business relations with other countries of the world is strong and constant.
The international activities of the country are directed towards realizing the principles of peaceful policy. Ukraine is the member of the United Nations Organization and takes part in many other international organizations.
Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine, has many sister cities abroad (Cracow-Poland, Edinburgh-Great Britain, Leipzig-Germany). Lviv’s sister cities are Rzeszow, Krosno and Przemysl.
Ukraine maintains direct relations with other states, conclude agreements, exchange diplomatic, consular and trade missions.
Relations with other states are based on the principles of equality, mutual respect and non-interference in each other’s international affairs.
Ukraine and the EU (6, 19) .
(Зв’язки України і Європейського Союзу ).
The relations between Ukraine and the EU are conducted within the framework of the “Partnership and Co-operation Agreement” which was signed in 1994. Some progress toward Ukraine’s entrance into European community has been achieved. In September 2000 the Program on Ukraine’s integration into the European Union was signed. The Program prescribes Ukraine’s strategy in the following important areas: democracy, human rights, economic development of the country, internal market, foreign economic activity,
education and youth, financial issues.
In November 2000, Ukrainian lawmakers approved a program to harmonize legislation with the European one.In order to be eligible for the EU membership Ukraine has to fulfill requirements which include holding of transparent parliament and presidential elections, mass media reform, fighting corruption, stability of legislation, the financial system and the system of taxation to EU standards.
Environmental Protection (21,22)
Охорона довкілля в Україні.
Проблеми та важливість захисту навколишнього середовища.
Environmental pollution is great today. The intensive development of industry results in air pollution.
The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in April 1986 caused radioactive contamination of a vast area around the plant. We have to take drastic measures to neutralize the effects of radiation on the environment. The Ministry of Environment Protection was founded in Ukraine. The task is to control the state of environment and sources of pollution to protect the water resources of the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov, rivers and lakes, to extend the network of nature reserves and to maintain cooperation with international ecology organizations.
Campaign for environmental protection is supported by public organizations and individuals. The Ukrainian Green Party is very active today. “Zeleny Svit” is the Ukrainian ecological newspaper. It calls on protection of the natural wealth and on using it in more careful and economical manner for the benefit of the present and future generations.
“Better Active Today Than Radioactive Tomorrow” is the slogan of today’s ecology organizations.
Роль і значення іноземної мови у сучасному світі.
Роль іноземної мови для майбутньої професійної діяльності. (12,13)
Modem life is impossible without communication. This communication is between people of one country and between people of different nations. So it is necessary to know at least one foreign language.
Besides, I think, that to achieve real success in live is impossible without speaking a foreign language. If you want to be a good specialist in any field you need a foreign language to receive new information on your specialty. If you are a businessman you need a foreign language to have business with foreign partners.
Many people like to travel. For this a foreign language is necessary too. If you want to get education abroad you must know a foreign language too.
If you are fond of reading you can read interesting books in the original. If you are fond of music you can understand the words of songs. If you want to find a job abroad you must know a foreign language too. So in any field of modern life it is necessary to know a foreign language.
We live in Europe. Europe is integrating now and it is very important for everybody to know at least one foreign language.
English is one of the most popular foreign languages. I am glad that I know English a little and I plan to learn it better in future.
Інтернет – як глобальна інформаційна система.
Інтернет у житті студента. (10, 25)
Internet is a global network which embraces millions of users all over the world. At present more than 33 million people use the Internet. They use the Internet for transferring data, playing games communicating with other users and sending e-mail.
Electronic mail is much faster and reliable than traditional mail. Pictures, sound video can be sent and printed at the other end.
The World Wide Web (WWW) is a vast network of information/ On the WWW you can go on tour of a museum, or exhibition, go shopping and get travel information on hotels and holidays.
Internet
gives the opportunity to find new friends, to communicate with people of other countries;
-gives the information about other countries, their cultures and languages;
helps to find material in which the students are interested;
helps to improve grammar and conversational skills;
-provides distant communication: a teacher and a student.
Використання інформаційних технологій у вивченні іноземних мов.
„Використання інформаційних технологій у різних сферах діяльності (9,14)
Mass media has become an important part of our life. It includes newspapers, magazines, radio, television, Internet.
Computer technologies are more and more expand nowadays. They are used in all spheres of human activity, beginning from student’s research works and ending in space investigations. One of the most popular modern technologies is Internet.
Internet
gives the opportunity to find new friends, to communicate with people of other countries;
-gives the information about other countries, their cultures and languages;
helps to find material in which the students are interested;
helps to improve grammar and conversational skills;
-provides distant communication: a teacher and a student.
Національно-історична спадщина України: звичаї, традиції.
„Значення традицій у формуванні світогляду людини”. (8,20)
Ukrainians have old national traditions, which affect the development of a person in a good way. They affect the moral qualities of a person, enrich his spiritual life. When it is a religious holiday, the Ukrainian families go to the church to pray. They don’t work on these days. The most popular holidays are Christmas holidays, the Jordanian holidays, Easter. Christmas Day is celebrated on the seventh and eighth of January. It is the most widely celebrated festival in Ukraine. It’s the most colourful holiday of the year. In some homes fur-tree is decorated and all kinds of gifts and surprises are under the tree. The evening before Christmas is not less important than the holiday itself. It is called the Holy evening. At this time all the families get together at the Holy Supper’s tables. Twelve dishes must be on the table. Children and grownups sing Christmas carols and wish each other “Merry Christmas” and “May all your dreams come true”.
During these holidays we can see many young people in funny and strange clothes. They walk along the streets and congratulate everybody. These groups are called “Vertep”.
Easter is the second great holiday. It’s usually celebrated on Sunday. Early in the morning the people go to the church with baskets, where they put Easter, painted eggs, cheese, salt, sausage and so on. The holiday is very merry because on this day Christ has resurrected. “Lord has Resurrected – Ukraine has Resurrected too”.
Національні традиції народів країн, мова яких вивчається. (11)
Englishmen have old national traditions, which affect the development of a person in a good way. They affect the moral qualities of a person, enrich his spiritual life. The most popular holidays are Christmas holidays, New Year’s Day, Boxing day, Good Friday, Easter Monday. They don’t work on these days, the people relax, eat, drink and make merry.
Christmas Day is celebrated on December 25. It is the most widely celebrated festival in Britain. It’s the most colourful holiday of the year. In millions homes fur-tree is decorated and all kinds of gifts and surprises are under the tree. So people buy all kinds of things for Christmas presents and spend a lot of money in the shops and supermarkets.
Easter is the second greatest festival of the year. On this day people give and get presents which traditionally take the form of an Easter egg – the symbol of life and resurrection.
Except Christmas and Easter holidays Americans celebrate 12 federal holidays: the birthday of George Washington in February, Valentine’s Day- February 14, April 1 is All Fools’ Day, Mother’s Day and Memorial Day in May, June 14 is flag Day, Father’s Day is in June too. Independence Day in July, Labour Day and Grandparents Day - in September. Columbus Day and Halloween are in October. November 1 is All Saints Day.
Спорт і фізичне виховання у формуванні здорової молоді України (23_)
There is a nice proverb “A sound mind in a sound body”. I also agree with it.
Ukrainian youth like sport very much. You can train for any kind of sport that you wish. There are different sports facilities in our country. They are special gyms for acrobatics, boxing, fencing; rinks for speed skating and figure skating; grounds for volley-ball and basket-ball and tennis courts. Sport in our country is a matter of great importance.
The students of our Institute often take part in different competitions. We are training hard to be exellent sportsmen, to achieve the best possible results and to bring our Institute new victories.
The youth of our country every year take part in many competitions of different levels – schools level, all-Ukrainian level, World and European ones, Olypmic games and so on.
Outstanding People of Ukraine (15)
Видатні постаті України
Ukraine has given to world many brilliant names in literature, science, art, etc. Ukrainian culture is famous for its rich and ancient traditions. The names of Taras Shevchenko, Ivan Franko, Lesya Ukrainka, Mykhailo Kotsyubynsky are known in the whole world. Great contribution to the world historical scince was made by such prominent Ukrainian historians as Mykhailo Hrushevsky, Mykhailo Drahomanov and Ivan Krypyakevich.
Mykhailo Hrushevsky was the first President of the Ukrainian People’s Republic and he was a great investigator in Ukrainian history and literature. Together with Ivan Franko, Volodimir Hnatiuk he published a journal “Literaturno-Naukovy Visnik”, which united writers from different parts of Ukraine. Mykhailo Hrushevsky’s contribution to science won him a full membership in the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. Today his books on history are an astonishing revelation to many people.