Приложение к рабочей тетради для юристов. Грамматика.

Упражнение №1.

Распределите имена существительные на 4 столбика в зависимости от чтения окончаний множественного числа.

Place, page, watch, judge, knife, problem, lawyer, scientist, unit, action, crime, lady, thief, court, law, witness, victim, family, arson, accident.

[s]	[z]	[iz]	-ies

Упражнение №2. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на существительные в единственном и во множественном числе.

1. The students of our Academy study many subjects.

2. These students study English at the Moscow State Law Academy.

3. The teacher wants to ask some questions.

4. At the English lessons we read many texts.

5. Both crimes were committed by the same person.

6. The eye-witness of the road accident is the first person to be interviewed.

7. The victim of the crime was interviewed by the policeman.

Упражнение № 3. Поставьте следующие существительные во множественное число:

A judge a witness

A court a lawyer

A crime an investigator

A criminal a policeman

A thief a child

A law a subject

A victim a student

A woman a mouse

Упражнение №4. Поставьте следующие предложения во множественное число:

1. This judge works at the Crown Court.

2. This minor crime was committed by a young criminal.

3. An eye-witness saw the criminal at the station.

4. This law was passed by the Parliament.

5. He is a student of our Technical School.

6. His lawyer will represent him at the court.

Упражнение №5. Расположите члены каждого предложения в таблице, согласно модели. Переведите их.

№	0 место	1 место	2 место	3 место	4 место
	обстоятельство	подлежащее	сказуемое	дополнение	обстоятельство
1	-	He	works	-	At the Procurator's office.

1. The district courts consider both civil And criminal cases.

2. He speaks English very well.

3. My friend has a lot of books on civil law.

4. The Parliament of the country passes new laws.

5. Yesterday I translated two articles on criminal law.

Упражнение №6. Составьте предложения из данных слов, соблюдая порядок слов в простом предложении:

1. study, at the Law Academy, we.

2. hears, in this country, the Supreme Court, cases, the most important.

3. As a judge, my friend, works.

4. Speaks, our teacher, usually, English, at the lessons.

Упражнение №7. Сформулируйте вопросы, начинающиеся с вопросительногшо слова , данного в скобках:

1. My friend works in the city court. (where?)

2. Yesterday I translated an article on civil law. (when?)

3. My sister speaks English very well. (How well?)

4. I read a very interesting book last week. ( what book?)

5. He goes to the institute by bus. (how?)

6. This student made a lot of mistakes. (how many?)

7. He worked as a judge two years ago. (when?)

8. In the evening Ann wrote several letters. (What?)

Упражнение №8. Сформулируйте вопросы к выделенным словам:

1. My sister does not speak English.

2. He finished his work two weeks ago.

3. The students of our group asked the teacher a lot of questions.

4. My friend wants to become a lawyer.

5. Last week I translated this difficult English text into Russian.

Упражнение №9. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на выражение падежных отношений с помощью предлогов.

1. I bought a new plan of Moscow.

2. The witness returned from the country two days ago.

3. My friend always writes with a pen, but I like to write with a pencil.

4. Professor N. Wrote a book about the judicial system of the USA.

5. The barrister and the solicitor are speaking about the details of this criminal case.

6. He is a specialist in criminal law.

7. This report was made by the first year student.

8. The lectures begin at 9 o'clock.

9. He decided to send the letter to his lawyer.

10. The lecture on civil law will be tomorrow.

Упражнение №10. Переведите предложения на русский язык, объясните употребление артиклей или их отсутствие:

Модель:

A crime is a socially dangerous act transgresses against the social and state system.

Преступление- это социально опасное деяние, которое направлено против социальной или государственной системы.( артикль a обозначает, что любое преступление является общественно опасным деянием (ед.ч.), артикль the обозначает определённую, конкретную общественную и государственную системы).

1. The judge determined the juvenile's act as a crime.

2. Crimes still exist at the present stage of social development.

3. Criminology deals with crime and its various aspects.

4. Policemen must know laws well to fight crime successfully.

5. No state (штат) may pass a law contrary to the US National Constitution.

6. One of the functions of the Parliament is making laws.

7. English law was formed out of the customs and traditions.

8. Civil law is connected with the rights and duties of individuals towards each other.

9. The district people's court is the main link in the judicial system.

Упражнение №11. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на личные и притяжательные местоимения.

1. We saw them at school.

2. He knows you very well.

3. Tell us a few words about your work.

4. As a rule we finish our work at 5 o'clock.

5. I have never seen him and his friends.

6. Give them their textbooks on labour law.

7. This student is a friend of mine.

8. I put my notes on his table.

9. Our solicitor will hire a barrister for us.

10. Ann, a friend of hers, took our notes and showed them to her scientific advisor.

11. Will you give me your notebook?

12. What is he?

13. Open your textbook and put it on the table.

14. This is your textbook. It is new. Take it, please.

Упражнение №12. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на указательные местоимения:

1. This is a good news.

2. These are textbooks on criminal law.

3. That was his first case.

4. This textbook is new and that one is old.

5. You will read all these articles at home.

6. Yesterday that group of students had two lectures.

7. These criminal cases will be tried by the Crown Court.

8. Those lawyers were very experienced.

Упражнение №13. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на местоимения some, any, no, not any:

1. There are some books on the table.

2. Some new facts have been discovered.

3. There was some water in the cup.

4. Have you noticed any mistakes in his test?

5. There must be some explanation of any phenomena.

6. Does this article contain any useful information?

7. There is no water in the vase.

8. There is not any atmosphere on the Moon.

Упражнение №14. Заполните пропуски словами, производными от some, any. no:

1. He has … important to tell you.

2. … entered the room.

3. … saw the judge today.

4. He likes to read … about crimes.

5. Can I do … for you?

6. Have you heard … about this criminal case?

7. I know … about the trial.

8. You may invite … you want.

9. Is … absent today?

Упражнение №15. Переведите предложения. Обращая внимание на возвратные и усилительные местоимения:

1. I'll translate the article myself.

2. The students corrected their mistakes themselves.

3. We have to discuss this problem ourselves.

4. The ship landed carefully herself.

5. His personal computer corrected all the mistakes itself.

6. The judge decided to cross-examine the witnesses himself.

Упражнение №16. Переведите предложения, употребляя, где нужно, возвратные и указательные местоимения:

1. Она ушиблась (to hurt).

2. Я купил себе книгу по гражданскому праву.

3. Сама проблема очень сложна.

4. Адвокат сам провёл перекрёстный допрос.

5. Студенты вашей группы должны сами взять учебники в библиотеке.

6. Мы хотим сами послушать свидетелей.

7. Она купила эту книгу для себя.

8. Вы должны написать заявление(application) сами.

Упражнение №17. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на местоимения much, many, few, little, a few, a little.

1. I haven't got much time.

2. There isn't much space in the classroom.

3. Will there be many guests at the party?

4. Do you know many people here?

5. There isn't much snow on the ground.

6. Do you speak French? - Yes, a little.

7. My parents are going away for a few days.

8. Much money is spent for crime prevention.

9. Very few people knew about it.

10. There is too little milk in the fridge.

11. I had very little time for reading.

Упражнение №18. Переведите предложения, используя местоимения many/much, little/few, a little/a few.

1. На занятиях он обычно задаёт много вопросов.

2. Они читают мало книг по конституционному праву.

3. У меня сегодня мало времени.

4. Мы будем обедать через несколько минут.

5. У вас сегодня много или мало занятий?

6. Они увидят его через несколько дней.

Упражнение №19. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции местоимения it:

1. A crime is a dangerous antisocial act. It affects the interests of the whole society even when it is directed against an individual.

2. It is easy to answer this question.

3. I have a very good book on Economics. You may take it if you need it.

4. It is this country that strongly opposes the arms race.

5. Elections are equal. It means that each citizen has one vote.

6. The House of Commons plays the major role in law-making. It consists of Members of Parliament (called MPs for short).

7. It is a famous picture. It was painted by John Constable. The artist was awarded a gold medal for it.

8. The City is situated in the center of London. It occupies about one square mile in area.

9. It is this country that applies nuclear energy for peaceful purposes.

10. It is necessary to do everything possible in order to eliminate juvenile delinquency.

11. It is the Parliament that passes new laws.

12. Elections are universal. It means that all citizens at the age of 18 have the right to elect.

13. Militia has a wide range of activity. First of all it sees to it that all citizens observe laws.

14. It is autumn now. It often rains in autumn. It is getting dark though it is only six o'clock.

15. A court of first instance examine a case in substance. It brings in a sentence or a judgement.

16. Constitutional law is a leading branch of a whole system of Law.