Министерство образования и науки

Российской федерации

Государственное образовательное учреждение

высшего профессионального образования

Кубанский государственный технологический университет

Translation Practice

Методические указания

по курсу «Теория и практика перевода»

для студентов специальности 3504

Краснодар

2005

Составители: д-р филол. наук, проф. С. Г. Воркачев,

канд. филол. наук, доц. Е. А. Воркачева,

доц. Н. Ю. Граббе

УДК 802.0:711.14(07)

Методические указания по курсу «Чтение НТЛ» для студентов строительных специальностей ОЗО. – Сост.: Е. А. Воркачева, С. Г. Воркачев; Н. Ю. Грабе. Кубан. гос. технол. ун-т. – Краснодар: Изд. ГОУВПО «КубГТУ», 2005. с.

Подобраны тексты по строительным специальностям, составлен краткий тематический словарь.

Печатается по решению Редакционно-издательского совета Кубанского государственного технологического университета.

Рецензенты:

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Text 1

When an architect receives a commission for a building, he meets the client and discusses his requirements. After visiting the site, the architect draws up preliminary plans and, together with a rough estimate of the cost, submits them to the client for his approval. If the client suggests changes, the architect incorporates them into the final design which shows the exact dimension of every part of the building. At this stage, several building contractors are invited to bid for the Job of constructing the building. When they submit their lenders or prices, the architect assists his client in selecting the best one and helps him to draw up a contract between the client and the contractor.

Work now starts on the building. As construction proceeds, the architect makes periodic inspections to make sure that the building is being constructed according to his plans and that the materials specified in the contract are being used. During the building period, the client pays the bills from the contractor. Subsequently, the contractor completes the building and the client occupies it. For six months after completion there is a period known as the 'defects liability period'. During this period, the contractor must correct any defects that appear in (he fabric of the building. Finally, when all the defects have been corrected, the client takes full possession of the building.

Text 2

The external walls are made up of brick cladding, wall planks, windows, doors, heads and sills, stanchion casings and inner lining panels. While the steel frame is being erected, the wall planks and floor units are fixed. At the same time, the stanchions are enclosed in casings which serve the function of resisting fire. The precast concrete floor units are capable of carrying a load of up to 5 kN/sq m. The wall planks are designed lo be weatherproof and to sup­port the outer cladding. The aluminium heads, sills and windows are then fixed from inside the building. After this, (lie 900 mm and 1 800 mm wide external doors are installed. These doors are either aluminium framed and pre-glazed or hardwood framed and glazing is done on site. Finally, the internal sills and lining panels are installed. These form a cavity for the healing and electrical services. A grill underneath the sill, together with an air intake at skirling level, enables air to circulate up past the finned heating element. The fining panels are capable of being removed to give access to the services.

Text 3

One method of heating a building is to circulate hot water through radiators which are located in each room. The water is healed in a boiler by a burner and is kept at a constant temperature by a thermostat device called an aquastat. The aquastat is located on the outlet pipe from the boiler. The pipe runs in a continuous loop from the boiler to the radiators and back to the boiler. The function of a radiator is to transfer the heat from the hot water to the air in the room. Therefore they are made of a material which has the property of high thermal conductivity. The shape of the radiator is also important because the greater the surface area the more rapidly it gives off heat. One type of radiator, called a fin tube, consists of a number of thin fins shaped like a circle which are welded to a pipe passing through their centres.

A thermostat in the room can be set lo the required temperature. When the air temperature in the room decreases, the thermostat switches on the pump which is located on the return line from the radiators. When the room reaches the set temperature, the thermostat switches off the pump.

An expansion tank is provided to allow for expansion of the water as it heats. A safety valve, located on the pipe leading to this tank, serves to relieve the pressure in the boiler if it is too high.

Text 4

The single-storey structure consists of three frames. These frames are made up of steel stanchions and beams. The frames are placed between end walls and spaced at 3 metre centres. The stanchions carry the beams. These beams support the roof. The roof beams cantilever a short distance beyond the stanchions. This means that they extend over the profiled sheet steel cladding. The cladding can then be placed outside (he line of the stanchions.

The beams are boiled to steel stanchion caps. The stanchion caps are welded to the lop of each stanchion. The load on each beam is transmitted through these plates to the stanchions.

The upper face of the steel base plates and (he ends of the stanchions arc machined flat. The bottom of each stanchion is welded to a base place. Each base plate is fixed lo a concrete column base by two holding-down bolts.

Steel angles are fixed across the ends of the beams and built into the brick walls. These angles tie the frames together and also provide a place to fix the top of the cladding.