Вариант 5

I. Запишите предложения. Выпишите из них сказуемые, опреде-лите их видо-временные формы и залог. Переведите.

1. The scientist was speaking of new ultrasonic instruments used for welding metallic tubes.

2. The situation in the area of environment protection is regularly reported in the regional paper.

3. Chemists and physicists make a wide use of radiation for changing the molecular structure of substances.

4. The participants of the conference were told about the latest achieve-ments in power generation.

II. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на разные значения слов that (those) и one (ones).

1. It is impossible to increase productivity without improving the existing devices and developing the new ones.

2. Plastic materials that are widely used for different purposes are reinforced with various fibers.

3. We heard that this method of water purification is not as effective as that one.

4. In those days one could not even dream of transmitting electricity over long distances.

III. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1. A lot of man’s diseases are directly linked with the level of air pol-lution.

2. Did the investigators have any difficulties in solving this problem?

3. Electronic equipment of special design has been manufactured.

4. The production of rubber with higher resistance to friction is to be in-creased considerably.

IV. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на бессоюзные дополнительные и определительные придаточные пред-ложения.

1. It is well-known electronics has made great progress over the last decades.

2. The amount of the pollutants the enterprises throw into water streams depend on the quality of purifying installations.

V. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива (Infinitive).

1. The only way to study cosmic ray particles is to send instruments into space.

2. One can use different means to measure high temperatures.

3. The machine to be inspected by the operator is located in a mechanical shop of our plant.

4. To design and develop automatic control systems is the responsibility of an engineer.

VI. Прочитайте весь текст и постарайтесь понять его содержание. Перепишите и письменно переведите абзацы 1, 2 и 3.

RATIONAL USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES

1. The problem of rational use of natural resources is closely connected with environmental protection. Today industrially developed countries ex-tract about 30 tons of minerals a year for each person, but only 1.0-1.5 per cent of them are consumed in different products. So, man’s economic acti-vity results in huge amounts of wastes polluting the atmosphere, water resources, soil.

2. Further increase in world population needs the development of in-dustry which is impossible without development of new deposits of natural resources. As we deplete the existing deposits, we begin to exploit the deeper ones, those lying at greater depths of the earth. Scientists are working at the technical aspects of their development. But one should remember that the exploitation of one resource must not affect and damage the others.

3. To meet our needs new materials are created by industry every year. According to the statistics 40,000 chemical substances produced are dange-rous for the human organism. New chemicals and types of energy as well as physical radiations give rise to new diseases. Moreover, the production of each new substance is accompanied by new wastes.

4. To decrease these wastes is, first of all, to improve the efficiency of using natural resources. Everyone knows that coal, oil and gas are not only energy sources but raw materials for valuable chemicals. Oil is used to produce petrol, kerosene, masut, paraffin and other substances. Natural gas is a raw material for plastics and fertilizers. Thus, we are to produce as many different substances from each mineral as possible.

5. Rational use of natural resources providing their conservation is an integral part of the society’s development. A huge work has been done in this direction but still more is to be done.

VII. Просмотрите 4-й и 5-й абзацы и ответьте на вопрос: What should be done to achieve ‘rational use’ of natural resources? Запишите и переведите вопрос и ответ.