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Nationalism: A Very Short Introduction

Very Short Introductions are for anyone wanting a stimulating and accessible way in to a new subject. They are written by experts, and have been published in more than 25 languages worldwide.

The series began in 1995, and now represents a wide variety of topics in history, philosophy, religion, science, and the humanities. Over the next few years it will grow to a library of around 200 volumes – a Very Short Introduction to everything from ancient Egypt and Indian philosophy to conceptual art and cosmology.

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ANARCHISM

Colin Ward

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ANCIENT EGYPT

Ian Shaw

CLASSICS

Mary Beard and

ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY

John Henderson

 

Julia Annas

 

 

 

CLAUSEWITZ

Michael Howard

ANCIENT WARFARE

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Robert McMahon

Harry Sidebottom

 

CONSCIOUSNESS

Susan Blackmore

THE ANGLO-SAXON AGE

Continental Philosophy

John Blair

 

 

 

Simon Critchley

 

ANIMAL RIGHTS

David DeGrazia

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Peter Coles

ARCHAEOLOGY

Paul Bahn

CRYPTOGRAPHY

 

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Fred Piper and Sean Murphy

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EGYPTIAN MYTH

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EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY

Buddha

Michael Carrithers

BRITAIN Paul Langford

BUDDHISM

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THE ELEMENTS

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BUDDHIST ETHICS Damien Keown

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CAPITALISM

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EMPIRE

Stephen Howe

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Barry

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Ethics

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The European Union

CHRISTIAN ART

Beth Williamson

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EVOLUTION

 

MEDICAL ETHICS Tony Hope

Brian and Deborah Charlesworth

MEDIEVAL BRITAIN

 

FASCISM

Kevin Passmore

John Gillingham and Ralph A. Griffiths

FOUCAULT Gary Gutting

MODERN ART David Cottington

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

MODERN IRELAND

Senia Pasˇeta

William Doyle

 

MOLECULES Philip Ball

FREE WILL Thomas Pink

MUSIC

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Freud

Anthony Storr

Myth

Robert A. Segal

Galileo

Stillman Drake

NATIONALISM Steven Grosby

Gandhi

Bhikhu Parekh

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GLOBALIZATION

NINETEENTH-CENTURY

Manfred Steger

BRITAIN Christopher Harvie and

GLOBAL WARMING Mark Maslin

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Peter Singer

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Richard Tuck

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Indian Philosophy

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Sue Hamilton

 

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Intelligence

Ian J. Deary

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ISLAM

Malise Ruthven

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JOURNALISM

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JUDAISM

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KAFKA

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Roger Scruton

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QUANTUM THEORY

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LOCKE

John Dunn

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LOGIC

Graham Priest

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MACHIAVELLI

Quentin Skinner

ROMAN BRITAIN

Peter Salway

THE MARQUIS DE SADE

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John Phillips

 

RUSSELL

A. C. Grayling

MARX

Peter Singer

RUSSIAN LITERATURE

MATHEMATICS Timothy Gowers

Catriona Kelly

 

THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

SPINOZA Roger Scruton

S. A. Smith

 

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SCHIZOPHRENIA

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Chris Frith and Eve Johnstone

Charles Townshend

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THEOLOGY David F. Ford

Christopher Janaway

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SHAKESPEARE Germaine Greer

Leofranc Holford-Strevens

SIKHISM Eleanor Nesbitt

TRAGEDY Adrian Poole

SOCIAL AND CULTURAL

THE TUDORS

John Guy

ANTHROPOLOGY

TWENTIETH-CENTURY

John Monaghan and

BRITAIN Kenneth O. Morgan

Peter Just

 

THE VIKINGS

Julian D. Richards

SOCIALISM

Michael Newman

Wittgenstein

A. C. Grayling

SOCIOLOGY

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WORLD MUSIC

Philip Bohlman

Socrates C. C. W. Taylor

THE WORLD TRADE

THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR

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Helen Graham

Amrita Narlikar

 

Available soon:

AFRICAN HISTORY

HIV/AIDS

Alan Whiteside

John Parker and Richard Rathbone

HUMAN EVOLUTION

ANGLICANISM Mark Chapman

Bernard Wood

THE BRAIN Michael O’Shea

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

CHAOS Leonard Smith

Paul Wilkinson

CITIZENSHIP Richard Bellamy

JAZZ Brian Morton

CONTEMPORARY ART

MANDELA Tom Lodge

Julian Stallabrass

THE MIND

Martin Davies

THE CRUSADES

PERCEPTION

Richard Gregory

Christopher Tyerman

PHILOSOPHY OF LAW

THE DEAD SEA SCROLLS

Raymond Wacks

Timothy Lim

PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION

Derrida Simon Glendinning

Jack Copeland and

ECONOMICS Partha Dasgupta

Diane Proudfoot

THE END OF THE WORLD

PHOTOGRAPHY Steve Edwards

Bill McGuire

PSYCHIATRY

Tom Burns

EXISTENTIALISM Thomas Flynn

RACISM

Ali Rattansi

FEMINISM Margaret Walters

THE RAJ

Denis Judd

THE FIRST WORLD WAR

THE RENAISSANCE

Michael Howard

Jerry Brotton

 

FOSSILS Keith Thomson

ROMAN EMPIRE

FUNDAMENTALISM

Christopher Kelly

Malise Ruthven

ROMANTICISM Duncan Wu

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Steven Grosby

NATIONALISM

A Very Short Introduction

1

3

Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp

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First published as a Very Short Introduction 2005

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Contents

 

Acknowledgements

ix

 

List of illustrations

xi

1

The problem 1

 

2What is a nation? 7

3

The nation as social relation 27

4

Motherland, fatherland, and homeland 43

5

The nation in history 57

6Whose god is mightier? 80

7Human divisiveness 98

8Conclusion 116

References 121

Further reading 132

Index 135

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Acknowledgements

Of the many scholars whose work on nations and nationalism has influenced my thinking on these subjects, three merit special mention: John Hutchinson, Anthony Smith, and Edward Shils. From John Hutchinson, I have acquired a greater appreciation for the component of cultural symbolism in the formation of the nation. The important work of Anthony Smith must be the point of departure for anyone wanting to understand nations and nationalism, as Smith has clarified the problems of this entire field of study. Over the years, I have returned again and again to the writings of Edward Shils, understanding better each time his insight that all societies consist of a continual interplay of creativity, discipline, acceptance, and refusal, against a shifting scene of the different pursuits of humanity. I gratefully acknowledge a research fellowship from the Earhart Foundation that afforded me the time to complete this book.