Методичка по английскому языку для ИТС (пр. С.С.Иванов)

discontinuous	a reconstruction		controllable
inefficiency	successful an arrangement	indirectly	to
strengthen	to surround	unmanned submarine
careless

IV. Read and translate these abbreviations:

i.e., e.g., etc., ft., in., b.h.p., p.h.p., mm., r.p.m., lb.

V. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the Gerund

1. The machine broke on account of its having been made of poor material. 2. They have learned of his starting a series of new laboratory experiments. 3. We were told about their having studied a number of problems connected with the development of ship-building. 4. We know of this submarine having been designed for exploration purposes. 5. They insisted on the experiment being made to study the problem in detail. 6. The failure was due to the operator's having been careless.

VI. State the tense forms of the verbs in the passive constructions

The ship has been constructed to the requirements for Lloyd‘s Class 100A1.

Langitudinal framing is adopted for the upper deck.

Centreline bulkheads are fitted in the holds and trimming hatches are provided in the second deck for grain cargo.

The upper deck hatches are served by twelve 5-ton and four 3-ton derricks.

A strong-room aft of №5 hold is strengthened and fitted with necessary piping.

50

UNIT 16

A 4 200-B.H.P. RUSSIAN SALVAGE TUG

At Galve, in Sweden, the Galve Varv recently completed the ocean-going salvage tug "Pamir", the first of four similar ships for the Lifesaving Service of Russia. Designed, constructed and equipped to Lloyd's Register class 100 Al "For towing services1‖, and with a hull specially strengthened for navigation in ice, the tug also compiles with rules and regulations of the Register of Shipping of this country. The main particulars of the "Pamir" are as follows:

Length, overall - 238 ft. 4 in.

Length, b.p. - 219 ft. 7 in.

Breadth	- 38 ft. 2 in.
Draught	- 12 ft. 2 in.
Gross register - 1,442 tons
Net register	- 419 tons
Speed	- 17 knots
Power	- 4,200 b.h.p.

The salvage and fire-fighting equipment2 installed on the "Pamir" includes underwater television, diving gear3, underwater welding and cutting units4, a decompression chamber5 and an 800-m3/hr. electrically driven air compressor with 11 tappings6. There are three fire monitors7 served by two fire pumps driven by one 560-b.h.p. Diesel engine, the pumps having an output in series of 450 tons/hr at 20 kg./cm2, and, in parallel, of 900 tons/or. Six portable fire extinguishers8 are also fitted.

For salvage purposes, there are two Diesel-driven pumps with a total capacity of 2,600 tons/hr. and nine portable pumps with a combined capacity of 1,650 tons/hr. A towing winch9 is fitted on the after end of the "Pamir" with pull of 20 tons at 8 knots and a maximum of 40 tons.

51

The tug's propellers are of the KaMeWa variable-pitch type and each is coupled to a 10-cylinder, four-stroke10, turbocharged M.A.N. Diesel engine11 developing 2,100 b.h.p. at 275 r.p.m. These engines are non-reversible12 and are fitted with Woodward governors13.

Three-phase, 380-volt, 50-cycle alternating current14 is supplied by three 160kW. and two 75-kW. alternators15, each driven by a M.A.N. Diesel engine. They are arranged for parallel operation and the necessary equipment is available to enable direct current to be supplied to other ships.

Pumps are installed on the "Pamir" for supplying fuel oil16, lubricating oil17 and fresh water to other ships. Navigational equipment includes a Russian design of radar.

Notes

towing/tug service – буксирная служба

salvage and fire-fighting equipment – спасательное и пожарное оборудование

diving gear – водолазное устройство

welding and cutting units – приборы для сварки и резки

decompression chamber – декомпрессионная камера, камера декомпрессии

tapping – заборное отверстие

fire monitor – лафетный стол

fire extinguisher – огнетушитель

towing winch – буксирная лебедка

four-stroke – четырехтактный

turbocharged engine – двигатель с турбо наддувом

non-reversible – нереверсивный

52

governor – регулятор, управляющее устройство

alternating current – переменный ток

alternator – генератор переменного тока, синхронный генератор

fuel oil – нефтяное топливо, мазут

lubricating oil – смазочное масло

I. Comprehension questions:

What kind of a ship did the Galve Varv recently complete?

What services was the tug build for?

What are the main particulars of the "Pamir"?

What special equipment is installed on board the ship?

How many diesel-driven pumps are there for salvage purposes?

Where is a towing winch fitted?

What can be said about the tug's propellers?

And what are they coupled to?

What is the alternating current supplied by?

What are pumps intended for?

II. Stifle the passages of the text using your own sentences

ІІІ. Retell the text using the questions and the plan of Exercise II

IV. Read and translate the sentences (grammar analysis)

1. Successful trials having been completed the ferry went into operation. 2. This engine is arranged, for running on heavy oil. 3. After carrying out the expedition the research ship arrived at the port. 4. The cargo-handling equipment being very extensive, the dockers unloaded the vessel ahead of time. 5. A new motor cargo ship being built at this shipyard will be strengthened in the bow for navigation in ice. 6. The fish holds have a capacity of 8.829 cu.ft., all of them being served by a common hatch divided into four sections. 7. Having been built for operation in confined waters of

53

docks, the floating crane has high manoeuvrability. 8. By using mooring buoys a deepwater port can be created along a costline. 9. Barges can be loaded with the principal different cargo. 10. All ships designed to carry unitized cargo make up a part of technological systems. 11. Plating of 45 mm thickness is used in the construction of multi-purpose vessels. 12. The cranes are specifically designed for Arctic application with the machinery contained within the closed and heated housing, the exposed components of the cranes being of low temperature steel. 13. Centrifugal pumps comprise a class of pumping machinery in which pumping of liquids or generation of head is effected by rotary motion of one or more impellers. 14. Located on the aft side of fishing gantry above the stern ramp there are two aft derricks employed when shooting the net. 15. The hydrofoil has had no difficulty in maintaining its projected cruising speed of 90 km/hr (56 knots).

V. Read and translate the following text.

Since June 1986 American coal has been forwarded from Rotterdam to Portugal in a self-discharging ship (саморазгружающееся судно). The coal is intended for a new power station in the port of Sines where there are no facilities for unloading coal. The coal is brought to Rotterdam from the United States in ordinary bulk carriers of 80,000 to 1000,000 dwt. Here the coal is transferred in the 37,800 dwt self-discharging bulker "Atlantic Superior". The ship, owned by Canada Steamship Line (CSL), is fully occupied in carrying coal between Rotterdam and Sines.

The combined use of a large bulk carrier for the main stage of the voyage and a smaller self-discharging ship for the transit stage enables benefits of economies while at the same time investment (вложение капитала) in unloading equipment in the port of destination is made unnecessary.

CSL has fourteen self-discharging vessels for carrying dry bulk cargoes. CSL self-discharging ships unload their cargoes by means of a gravity hopper system (система гравитационного хопра), consisting of conveyor belts (ленточный транспортер) on the bottom of the hold, a lifting system to bring the cargo up to the deck and a long boom with a conveyor belt to move

54

the cargo on to the quay. All this takes place at a speed of 6,000 tons per hour.

The List of Abbreviations

a.c. = alternating current – переменный ток

b.h.p. = brake horse power – тормозная (эффективная) мощность cu. = cubic – кубический

d.c. = direct current – постоянный ток deg. = degree – градус, степень

deg. C = degrees Centigrade – градус Цельсия dw. = deadweight – полная вместимость, дедвейт etc. = et cetera – и так далее

ft. = foot/feet – фут, футы h., hr. = hour – час

h.p. = high pressure – высокое давление h.p. = horse power – лошадиная сила in. = inch – дюйм

i.h.p. = indicated horse power – индикаторная мощность kc/s = kilocycles per second – килогерц

lb. = libra (pound) – фунт

ltd. = limited – с ограниченной ответственностью kva = kilovolt-Ampere – киловольт – ампер

kw = kilowatt – киловатт

kwhr, kwh = kilowatt hour – киловатт в час

55

m/h = miles per hour – миль в час min. = minute – минута

p.h.p = propeller horse power – мощность на гребном винте psi = pounds per square inch – фунтов на квадратный дюйм r.p.m. = revolutions per minute – число оборотов в минуту shp = shaft horse power – мощность на гребном валу

sq. = square – квадрат, квадратный via = through – через

v.v. = vice versa – наоборот

56

FINNISH-BUILT CRUISE LINER

Shipping World and Shipbuilder

The vessel described in this article is the first to be completed of three ordered, from the Helsinki shipyard of the Finnish builders by the Royal Caribbean Cruise Line. This shipping company is jointly owned by I. M. Skaugen & Co and Anders Wilhelmsen & Co, both of Oslo, and the Gotaas Larsen Shipping Corporation of New York, and it is intended that this first vessel, 'Song of Norway' , which will be based in the port of Maimi, will be used in conjunction with her sister ships for short cruises in the Caribbean. Each of this series of three ships will be propelled by four Wartsila mediumspeed diesel engines and the machinery arrangement is basically the same as that of the 'Finlandia', see 'Shipping World & Shipbuilder', September 1967. Since 'Finlandia' was built however, radical changes have taken place in both the internal and external styling of such vessels as cruise ships, and this is immediately apparent from the external appearance of the present ship. Of note are the exaggerated clipper bow, the enclosed sun deck area amidships, the tiered arrangement of sun deck at the after end, and the circular observation room built on to the massive structure forming the funnel. These features do not, however, detract from the ship's appearance but enhance her function as a cruise vessel, and 'Song of Norway' , one of six passenger vessels on order at Wartsila, will undoubtedly do much to establish the yard as competent builders of this class of ship.

‗Song of Norway‘ has been constructed for classification by Det norske

Veritas 1 A 1 and also complies with the Norwegian 'Skibskontrollen's rules and the requirements of SOLAS 1960, including the amendments incorporated in 1966 and 1967. For vessel's operating from an American port the requirements of the U. S. Department of Health Regulation and the U. S. Coast Guard, as regards fire protection, escape and standards of ventilation must be complied with, and this ship fulfills all of the relevant requirements.

In order to minimise the fire risk and to obtain the notation restricted fire risk, the only significant amount of timber used in the ship's construction and

57

furnishing is in the oregon pine deck cladding and the teak handrails, all furniture being incombustible. This latter requirement was met by completely new lines of incombustible furniture being manufactured and supplied to the ship by the Finnish company Asco Oy.

The ship has been designed by Wartsila in conjunction with the owners; final design of external features such as the pronounced bow, and the observation lounge built on to the funnel, being arrived at after careful investigation into the weight and stability penalties involved. Internal design has been to the owners' requirements.

The forefoot terminates in a ram form bow and the hull lines in this area and at the stern, which is of the cruiser type fitted with twin semibalanced rudders, can be seen from the accompanying lines plan. This drawing also gives the position of the

bow thruster opening in the hull. The underwater hull shape was finally arrived at after extensive tank testing to determine the best form to adopt. These tests included experiments on models fitted with single and twin rudder arrangements, from which it was decided that the additional cost and complexity of twin rudders was justified.

On cruise vessel, where passengers require the use of large areas of deck space, this is invariably made available at the after end. In order to ensure that the after decks would be soot free, wind tunnel tests were undertaken so that the path taken by the exhaust gases when leaving the funnel could be observed. The funnel shape ultimately adopted performs the function of carrying exhaust gases and soot clear of the decks, in addition to providing a structure to which the observation room, named 'Viking Crown', could be attached. This room was added fairly late in the design stage and a penalty of the addition of 100 tons of fixed ballast has had to be paid for its inclusion.

Because of damage stability considerations the maximum allowable height of the ship's centre of gravity was 11.42 m. The inclining test revealed that the actual figure attained is 11.33 m. In addition, the final dead-weight of 3151 tons is only 151 tons greater than the contractual deadweight of 3000 tons.

58

Steel for this ship has been supplied from the steelworks at Rautaruuki in northen Finland, and apart from where required by the classification society, no higher tensile steel has been used. Similarly, only small amounts of aluminium, for the forward mast and parts of the funnel, have been used.

It is noticeable that there are no windows in the forward facing part of the superstructure below the boat deck. This is partly for strength reasons and partly because the view would largely be obstructed by the foredeck anyway.

Notes

1.order (v) - заказывать order (n) - заказ

But: in order to – для того, чтобы

2.both ..... and -и .... и, .

3.of note ... - примечательно

4.as regards - что касается,

5.to meet the requirements –отвечать требованиям

6.to be fitted with – быть оборудованным чем либо

7.consideration – учет, рассмотрение

8.to supply - поставлять

9.apart from - кроме

10.high tensile steel – сталь с высоким сопротивлением на разрыв

11.to make available – делать доступным

59