Exercises

I. Answer the following questions.

1. Are computers capable of storing and manipulating numbers, letters and characters?

2. In what way can we make computers do what we want?

3. What is the basic job of computers?

4. How can computers be defined?

5. Where must the program be kept?

6. What devices can be used for outputting information?

II. What is the Hungarian for:

complex network, electronic circuit, to store numbers, to input signals, to accept information, to perform logical operation, to solve the problem, input device.

Ш. Translate into English.

beilleszt, töröl, vissza, belépés, keresés, beállítás, fő menű, az információ bevitele, információ kijelzése.

IV. Match the word on the left with its translation on the right.

1) next tip 2) recycle bin 3) icons 4) task bar 5) settings 6) toolbar 7) desktop 8) help

a. feladatsáv b. eszköztár c. beállítások d. asztal e. lomtár f. súgó g. következő javaslat h. ikonok

V. Pay attention to the following words. Try to remember them.

cut – kivágás

clipboard – vágólap

copy – másolás

paste – beillesztés

cancel – visszavonás

display – megjelenít (a képernyőn)

print – nyomtatás

folder – mappa

cursor – kurzor

scanner – szkenner

printer – nyomtató

modem – modem

VI. Translate the following sentences into Hungarian.

The word computer comes from a Latin word which means to "count." Devices to assist working with numbers have been in existence as long as there have been numbers. The first was the abacus, which made use of the bi-quinary number system some several thousand years before its application several modern computers. The first mechanical computer was built by Pascal in 1642; a better device was built by Leibnitz in 1673. The first Soviet computers were built under the guidance of the outstanding academician A. Lebedev.

There are different kinds of computers. Some do only one job over and over again. These are special-purpose, computers,. But there are some computers that can do many different jobs. They are called general-purpose computers. These are the "big brains" that solve the most difficult problems of science. They answer questions about rockets and planes, bridges and ships — long before these things are even built. Computers help our space program, our business and industry, medicine and education. They are powerful tools which help to change our life and the world around us.

VII. A) Read the text. Computers

A computer is really a very specific kind of counting machine. It can do arithmetic problems faster than any person alive. By means of electric processes it can find the answer to a very difficult and complicated problem in a few seconds.

A computer can "remember" information you give it. It keeps the information in its "memory" until it is needed.

There are different kinds of computers. Some can do only one job. These are special-purpose computers. Each specific problem requires a specific computer. One kind of computer can help us to build a spaceship; an other kind can help us navigate it. A special-purpose computer is built for this purpose alone and cannot do anything else.

But there are some computers that can do many different jobs. They are called the general-purpose computers. These are the big "brains" that solve the most difficult problems of science.

We used to think of a computer as a large machine that took up a whole room. But today computers are becoming smaller and smaller. Though these small devices are called microcomputers or minicomputers, they are still true computers.

The most important parts of a general-purpose computer are as follows: 1) memory, where information is kept; 2) an arithmetic unit for performing calculations; 3) a control unit for the correct order of operations; 4) input devices; 5) output devices for displaying the results of calculations. The input and output devices are called peripherals.

There are several advantages in making computers as small as one can. Sometimes weight is particularly important. A modern plane carries many heavy electronic apparatus. If it is possible to make any of them smaller, it can carry a bigger weight. But weight is not the only factor. The smaller the computer, the faster it can work. The signals go to and for at a very high but almost constant speed.

Some of the first computer cost millions of dollars, but people quickly learned that it was cheaper to let a million dollar computer make the necessary calculations than to have a hundred clerks trying to do the same by hand. Scientists found that computers made fewer mistakes and could fulfill the tasks much faster than almost any number of people using usual methods. The computers became popular. As their popularity grew the number of factories producing them also grew.

b) Choose the correct answer.

1) A computer is a kind of _____
A. a counting machine			B. a typewriter		C. a table game	D. a TV set
2) Computer could be used to _____
A. play games	B. solve difficult problems				C. cook meals	D. save money
3) The text tells us about special-purpose computers and _____
A. all-purpose computers			B. calculators		C. general-purpose computers	D. ordinary computers
4) There are _____ most important parts in a general-purpose computer.
A. very many			B. five		C. two	D. ten
5) The smaller the computer, the _____ it can work.
A. more effectively			B. slower		C. better	D. faster
6) Output devices serve for displaying the _____
A. nice pictures		B. diagrams		C. results of calculations			D. words
7) Some of the first computers cost _____
A. hundreds of dollars			B. millions of dollars		C. thousands of pounds	D. thousands of hryvnas
8) It is cheaper to let the expensive computer do the job than to _____
A. have a hundred clerks			B. do the job oneself		C. buy another computer	D. waste your time and efforts
9) Computers can fulfill the tasks much _____ than any number of people using the traditional methods.
A. cleverer			B. better		C. faster	D. worse
10) Computers became very _____
A. large			B. small		C. expensive	D. popular