Count give investigate meet put forward start work

1. We don't seem to be able to find your letter in our files.

2. You.............................on me to help with the party.

3. You.............................me a call at home.

4. The builders said that they might..................work today.

5. When the satellite is launched next week, scientists .................... the rings around Saturn in more detail than ever before.

6. I doubt that he.................again; his injuries are so severe.

7. We were refused our request, without even ................... our arguments.

8. We.................outside the cinema, if that's okay with you.

2. В вопросительных предложениях модальный глагол сап может выражать неуве­ренность или удивление. В этом случае инфинитив смыслового глагола может иметь следующие формы.

can do

регулярное действие в настоящем:

Can he get up at six o'clock every day? Неужели он каждый день встает в 6?

глагол не употребляется в форме Continues

Can he really know it? Неужели он действительно это знает?

can be doing

действие происходит в настоящий момент

Can he be reading? Неужели он читает?

can have done

действие относится к прошлому

Can he have come? Неужели он пришел?

can have been doing

действие началось в прошлом и до сих пор продолжается

Can he have been waiting so long? Неужели он так долго ждет?

3. В отрицательных предложениях модальный глагол сап может также выражать невозможность, невероятность. В этом случае инфинитив смыслового глагола употребляется так же как в пункте 1.

can't do

Не can't get up at six o'clock every day. He может быть, что он встает в 6 каждый день.

Не can't know it. He может быть, что он это знает.

can't be doing

Не can't be reading now. He может быть, что он сейчас читает.

can't have done

Не can't have come. He может быть, что он пришел.

can't have been doing

He can't have been waiting so long. He может быть, что он так долго ждет.

4. Предложения типа: «Неужели он не смог это сделать?», «Не может быть, чтобы он не пришел?» переводятся при помощи глагола to fail. В этом случае ситуация всегда относится к прошлому.

Can he have failed to do it? He can't have failed to come.

1.22 Make up sentences the verb can (could) with the meaning of doubt or uncertainty. Translate the sentences into Russian.

He She They	cannot	do such a thing. be still working. be still sleeping. have been so rude. have been waiting for me all this time.
Can Could	he she they	be expecting you so late? have said it? have been so rude? have been so silly? have asked such a question?

1.23 Make up interrogative sentences using the words in brackets.

e.g.	He is unpunctual. (he/to come in time). => Can he have come in time?

1. She is lazy, (she / to do the work / yet) ..................... 2. He is very polite (he/say it/yesterday)...................... 3. It's early, (they / to be at home) ...................................... 4. The book is not interesting, (you / read it/ already) ....................... 5. They don't know the city well, (they / to live here / long).................... 6. The story is so long, (she/to type it/already) ................... 7. It's early, (he / to sleep / now)................... 8. I didn't tell him about it. (he / to know it) ....................... 9. (he / to watch TV/ all this time)? It's bad for his eyes ...................... 10. It's raining, (he / to walk / now)............................. 11. He has a good memory, (he/not to learn the poem).................. 12. She has always been very kind-hearted, (she /not to give you a present for your birthday).................................

1.24 Make up negative sentences using the words in brackets.

e.g.	He doesn't know French. (he / translate the text). => He can't have translated the text.

1. They didn't earn much money last year. (they /to buy this house) ……………………………………………………………………..

2. He is your friend. (he / to fail you / last week)……………………..

3. He is lazy. (he /to be a good student)………………………………

4. She is airsick. (she / to go by plane/ last year) …………………….

5. He is an honest boy. (he / to tell a lie / now) ……………………..

6. The ground is dry. (it/ to rain / half an hour ago) ………………...

7. It's snowing. (they / to play football / now) ……………………….

8. She doesn't look tired. (she / to work / the whole day)…………….

9. The water is cold. (they / to swim / all this time) ………………….

10. I saw him leaving. (he / to wash his car) …………………………

11.The doctor forbade him to smoke. (he/not to give up smoking)…..

12. She is very clever. (she /not to understand you) …………………

1.25 Comment on the meaning of the modal verbs can (could). Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. It can't be ten o'clock now. 2. Can she know the Danish language? 3. She can't be waiting for us now. 4. Can she have been waiting for us all this time? 5. She can't have been here yesterday. 6. Could he have impressed you as an absent-minded person? 7. I can't have misunderstood you. 8. She cannot have failed to find your house. 9. Can't you remember that I have returned the book to you? 10. She cannot have overlooked the mistake. 11. Can you have failed to find my book?

26. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. The sailor cannot be sea-sick, after all he has to spend most of his life at (on the) sea. 2. Could the doctors have succeeded in checking the progress of the illness? 3. Can she be suffering pain now? They gave her an injection, you know. 4. You cannot have been marking (correcting) our notebooks for two hours running. The test is so short. 5. Can he have taken to this city so quickly. 6. Can they have failed to keep him from doing such a foolish thing. 7. She cannot have failed to master the language when she lived abroad. 8. Can I be fit for this mission? 9. It cannot be a non-stop flight. 10. Can you have failed to take photos of your child (...to have your child's photo taken)? 11. He cannot have failed to weigh his words when he said this to us.

1.27 Classify the sentences into three groups according to the meaning of the modal verb can expressing: a) possibility; b) request; c) doubt

1. She can't come tomorrow because they will be working the whole day. 2. I simply could not refuse: they would have been hurt. 3. He was not old. He couldn't have been more than forty. 4. Could you leave the boy here for half an hour? I want him to help me. 5. "Oh!" she cried in surprise, "it's impossible! You can't have done it!" 6. The island can be reached by boat or even on foot when the tide is low. 7. "But they can't be as bad as he!" 8. Can you tell me the way to the nearest post-office? 9. A little bit of boiled fish can't hurt you, you know. 10. Could you help me with the translation of this article? I am afraid I cannot do it alone. 11. He shut himself up in the study for the whole day, and I could see through the window that he was writing busily. 12. Can she have been waiting for us all this time?

1.28 Paraphrase the following sentences using the modal verb can't.

e.g.	I don't believe he is at home now. =>He can't be at home now.

1. I don't believe the work is too difficult for my friend. 2. I don't believe Jane made such a mistake. 3. It is impossible that the cat ate all the fish. 4. I don't believe that our papers were so poor. 5. It is impossible that you believed such a silly lie. 6. It is impossible that he has stolen the money. 7. I don't believe that they have heard the story before. 8. I don't think that she is good at physics. 9. I don't believe that you are serious. 10. It is impossible that she is a traitor. 11. I can't believe that he has made such an important discovery. 12. I can't believe that the teacher has forgotten to correct our homework.

1.29 Comment the sentences according to the model.

e.g.	This old bracelet was found in Africa. => This old bracelet can't have been found in Africa.

1. This tower was built in the 9th century. 2. This book was written by a very good writer. 3. This film was made by a very good director. 4. This play was written by a very clever playwright. 5. This film has been shot in a fortnight. 6. This book was translated into Russian in the 19th century. 7. This castle was built in the 15th century. 8. This picture was painted by an Italian artist. 9. This refrigerator was produced ten years ago. 10. This car was built twenty years ago. 11. These photographs were taken in the north. 12. This tape-recording was done last week. 13. James was given an excellent mark in history. 14. Ann was given an excellent mark for her geometry test. 15. This house was built at the beginning of this century.

1.30 Translate into English using the modal verb can (could)

a)

1. Неужели он говорит по телефону? 2. Не может быть, чтобы она вчера не пришла. 3. Ребенок не может быть голоден. 4. Неужели она уже три часа готовит обед? 5. Неужели он не сказал вам об этом? 6. Не может быть, чтобы Свифты не прислали письмо. 7. Неужели он с утра играет на пианино? 8. Не может быть, чтобы они с утра решали этот вопрос. 9. Неужели они все еще сдают экзамены? 10. Неужели Стив с утра катается на велосипеде? 11. Не может быть, чтобы Каролина проиграла матч. 12. Не может быть, чтобы он вам не помог. 13. Неужели Шарон все еще моет окна? 14. Не может быть, чтобы мистер Кларк пропустил заседание. 15. Не может быть, чтобы Дон и Кейт не поженились.

b)

1. Не может быть, чтобы они об этом забыли. 2. Не может быть, чтобы он потерял вашу книгу. 3. Неужели он уже уехал? 4. Неужели она забыла сообщить вам о моем отъезде? 5. Неужели она все еще работает? 6. Не может быть, чтобы они приехали в понедельник! 7. Не может быть, чтобы она опоздала на поезд: она выехала из дома вовремя. 8. Неужели она все еще читает? Пора спать. 9. Не может быть, что она все еще нас ждет. 10. Неужели она заболела? 11. Неужели он обманул нас? 12. Неужели вам нравится такая музыка? 13. Не может быть, чтобы они слышали наш разговор.

c)

1. Могу ли я вам помочь? 2. Что я могу для вас сделать? 3. Что вы можете сыграть для нас? 4. Где мы можем остановиться? 5. Где мы можем встретиться? 6. Когда мы можем послушать эту музыку? 7. Ког­да мы можем быть свободны? 8. Как это может быть возможно, что мы оставили документы дома? 9. Кто может ответить на этот вопрос? 10. Кто может подарить мне чашку? 11. Где я могу купить эту книгу? 12. Кто мог получить этот факс? 13. Где они могли потерять этот адрес? 14. Кто мог пригласить этих людей? 15. Кто мог сказать ему правду? 16. Когда они могли быть свободны? 17. Кто мог удивить­ся, что мы не приехали? 18. Как они могли заблудиться в лесу? 19. Как она могла выйти замуж за этого человека? 20. Кто сможет ответить на этот вопрос? 21. Кто сможет сделать эту работу? 22. Где вы сможете поговорить с нами? 23. Где они смогут играть в футбол в выходные? 24. Где вы сможете показать нам эти документы? 25. Как ты сможешь спать в этой комнате без окон?

1.31. Translate the English proverbs and try to match their Russian equivalents. There may be more than one Russian equivalent. Use them in situations of your own.

Y ou can take a horse to the water, but you cannot make him drink. A man can do no more than he can. You can't eat your cake and have it. You never know what you can till you try. Y ou can't make an omelet without breaking eggs. The leopard cannot change his spots. Beggars cannot be choosers.

а. Глаза страшатся, а руки делают. в. Богатому как хочется, а бедному как можется. с. Насильно мил не будешь. d. Один пирог два раза не съешь. e. Лес рубят, щепки летят. f. Как волка не корми, а он все в лес смотрит. g. Рад бы в рай, да грехи не пускают. h. Черного кобеля не отмоешь добела. i. Сердцу не прикажешь. j. Снявши голову по волосам не плачут. k. Горбатого могила исправит. l. Силою не все возьмешь. m. Выше себя не прыгнешь. n. С одного вола двух шкур не дерут.

1.32 Give your comments on the statement given below.

Those who can, do; those who can't, teach.