Municipal Autonomous Education Institution

«Gymnasium №3»

Sphere Lightning: Conditions its appearance (History of Discovery and Hypothesis)

The author: D.L.Rezina 8“А”

The teacher: T.I.Kulikova

Perm 2012

Content

Introduction 3-4

1. Chapter 1: Possible scientific explanations 5-9

2. Chapter 2: Laboratory experiments 10-12

3. Chapter 3: Characteristics 13-14

4. Chapter 4: Conclusion 15

5. Bibliography 16

Аappendices 17-18

Introduction

Dear audience and my teacher. I would like to tell you about my work. The topic of my work is Sphere Lightning. I’ve chose this topic because it is interesting: it is not yet studied the nature of this phenomenon are unknown details of the impact of the defeat of a Sphere Lightning of people, it is not clear - how does it come from and where it disappears, and the path of motion. Why is it touches on someone dies and someone on the contrary - is psychic.

The main aim of my work: To Investigate the Occurrence of Certain Material on Sphere Lightning

To achier this aim I have the next tasks:

1. Find in the Internet the information about Sphere Lightning

2. To make the information into the chapters

3. To make the presentation about Sphere Lightning.

The main chapters are:

• Possible scientific explanations

• Laboratory experiments

• Characteristics

Introduction

Sphere LIGHTNING does not look like "lightning." Instead, it usually appears as a mysterious glowing sphere which drifts horizontally through the air. It is typically the size of a grapefruit, but sometimes appears as small as a pea, or as large as a bus. It sometime hovers at a few feet or tens of feet altitude, but can also bounce along the ground. It usually lasts only a few seconds, but sometimes persists much longer. Various colors of "BL" have been seen, sometimes it changes colors, and sometimes it has internal structures such as glowing layers or moving sparks. Sometimes it disappears silently, other times it explodes with extreme violence.¹

Much of what we call "paranormal" are facets or properties of the natural world that we do not yet understand. And although Sphere lighting is not usually considered a paranormal phenomenon - and is almost certainly a natural phenomenon - its mysterious nature has puzzled scientists and paranormal researchers alike for centuries.²

Chapter 1: Possible scientific explanations

Possible scientific explanations

An attempt to explain Sphere Lightning was made by Nikola Tesla in 1904, but there is at present no widely-accepted explanation for the phenomenon. Several theories have been advanced since it was brought into the scientific realm by the English physician and electrical researcher William Snow Harris in 1843, and French Academy scientist François Arago in 1855.

Microwave cavity hypothesis

Pyotr Kapitsa proposed that Sphere Lightning is a glow discharge driven by microwave radiation that is guided to the Sphere along lines of ionized air from lightning clouds where it is produced. The Sphere serves as a resonant microwave cavity, automatically adjusting its radius to the wavelength of the microwave radiation so that resonance is maintained.

The Handel Maser-Soliton theory of Sphere Lightning hypothesizes that the energy source generating the Sphere Lightning is a large (several cubic kilometers) atmospheric maser. The Sphere Lightning appears as a plasma caviton at the antinodal plane of the microwave radiation from the maser.