- •Передмова
- •Lesson 1
- •Reading Exercises:
- •Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 2
- •Dohc or Twin cam engine
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 3 Read the text: springs
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 4
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 5
- •Lithium-Ion Car Battery
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 6
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 7
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 8 Read the text: Servicing the Engine Cooling System
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 9
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 10
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •III. Writing exercises:
I. Reading Exercises:
Exercise 1. Read and memorize using a dictionary:
brake; caliper; drums; exceed; flat; friction; gauge; properly; repair; safe; seal; shoes; wear; |
Exercise 2. Answer the questions:
What brake parts account for?
Why do most people realize how important good brakes are for safe driving?
What kind of brakes do most vehicles still have?
What kind of friction materials are used in brake linings today?
Exercise 3. Match the left part with the right:
1. Brake pads and shoes are sold in matched axle sets and should be installed |
a) popular in recent years because of their stable braking characteristics. |
2. Disc brake pads and drum brake shoes are typically replaced |
b) the brakes are relined. |
3. Ceramic-based friction materials have become |
c) several times during a vehicle's life. |
4. Rotors and drums may need to be resurfaced or replaced when |
d) in matched sets on the vehicle. |
Exercise 4. Open brackets choosing the right words:
Excessive runout, uneven wear and warpage (are/been) others problems that can afflict rotors. Variations in thickness can (cause/to cause ) the brake pedal to pulsate, which may also be felt in the steering wheel. Resurfacing the rotors will (make/makes) them flat again, but hard spots tend to come back after a few thousand miles. The best cure, therefore, (are/is) to replace the rotors.
II. Speaking Exercises:
Exercise 1. Describe drum; pad; safety; seal; using the suggested words and expressions as in example:
drum hollow; solid; cylinder; barrel; act; an exterior entity; drum brake; hoisting drum; A drum is a hollow or solid cylinder or barrel that acts on, or is acted upon by, an exterior entity, such as the drum in a drum brake.Also known as hoisting drum. |
pad layer; material; use; a cushion; protection; |
safety methods; techniques; avoiding; accident; disease; |
seal device; system; create; nonleaking; mechanical or process-system elements; gaskets; mechanical; rotating members; pump shafts; liquid; to prevent; gas entry; loss; a gas-liquid processing; |
Exercise 2. Ask questions to the given answers:
Question: ___________________________________________ ?
Answer: Many experts recommend rebuilding or replacing calipers and wheel cylinders when the brakes are relined in high-mileage vehicles.
Question: ___________________________________________ ?
Answer: Calipers apply the brakes in a disc brake system, while wheel cylinders perform the same job in drum brakes.
Question: ___________________________________________ ?
Answer: Rotors and drums have wear limits for safety reasons.
Question: ___________________________________________ ?
Answer: Ceramic-based friction materials have become popular in recent years because of their stable braking characteristics.
Question: ___________________________________________ ?
Answer: If a vehicle was originally equipped with ceramic pads, the replacement pads should also be ceramic.