Musical America.

1. What kind of music do Americans play, listen to, sing and com­pose? Since the United States was settled largely by Europeans, it is not surprising that classical music and folk songs were brought over from that continent. Beethoven, Brahms, Debussy, Tchaikovsky, Stra­vinsky, Bach, Mozart, Bartok and Verdi are but a few names of Euro­pean composers often seen on orchestra or opera programmes. English, Irish and Scottish folk songs are sung so often and have been sung in America by so many generations that Americans are not even con­scious that these songs are of foreign origin.

2. There are many folk songs that grew out of folk. Railroad work gangs and the men in lumber camps had their own ballads and love songs. The cowboy, too, sang about his work and his girl. In recent years there has been increased interest in collecting and recording the folk songs of rural folk from remote regions.

3. By far the greatest contribution to American music, however, has been made by the Negroes in the South. The Negro songs are now part of the nation's precious musical heritage.

4. The Negroes' greatest contribution to American music has been jazz, of course. After the Civil War some of the brass instruments of the Confederate military bands fell into the hands of the Negroes, and the result was all kinds of rhythmical and melodic experiments.

5. Thus jazz, free of conventions and written arrangements, was born. Such composers as Aaron Copland and George Gershwin in Ame­rica and Stravinsky, Ravel and Milhand in Europe have been influenced by American jazz.

6. An important contribution to world music has been made by American composers of another type of music generally called "pop" — the songs produced for commercial use by professional dance bands, and by amateur musicians. The following men are composers whose songs are constantly sung and played by present-day Americans: Irving Berlin, Jerome Kern, George Gershwin, Richard Rogers, Arthur Schwartz and Vincent Youmans.

Task 6. Найдите в тексте и напишите ответы на вопросы по содержанию текста.

1.Where were folk songs brought to America from?

2. What did cowboys sing about?

3. Are the Negro songs part of the nation’s precious musical heritage?

4. Which composers have been influenced by American jazz?

5. The songs by George Gershwin are constantly sung by present day Americans, aren’t they?

Контрольная работа №5 Заочное отделение специальность онп/ зртк .

Task 1. Определите в каждом предложении видо-временную форму глагола-сказуемого и переведите данные предложения:

1) Ann told me that she had seen an interesting film.

2). The room was cleaned and aired.

3) She showed me a picture which had been painted by her husband.

4) They were being taught drawing at that lesson.

5) When I came home, mother had already cooked dinner.

6) Nick was told to go home at once.

Task 2. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.

1) I am really looking forward to going to New York.

2) He can't stand visiting noisy cities.

3)1 love seeing new places.

4) This monument is worth seeing.

5) She talked without stopping.

6) Have you finished reading?

Task 3. Переведите предложения, распределяя их по порядку:

а) предложения, в которых ing-форма является причастием;

б) предложения, в которых ing-форма является герундием;

в) предложения, в которых ing-форма является отглагольным существительным.

l. We sat by the river-side listening to the running of the water. 2. The cleaning of the room was done by the girls. 3. Working in the garden is very good for the health of the people. 4. He spent much time on the copying of his literature lectures. 5. Instead of going home after school the girls went for a walk. 6. Going home from the theatre they were discussing the play they had seen.

Task 4. Сравните предложения. Сначала перепишите предложения, которые содержат Complex Object, затем – Complex Subject. Переведите их.

1. We saw him enter. He was seen to enter.

2. We know Richter to work 10 hours a day. He is known to work 10 hours a day.

3. They considered Tchaikovsky to be a talented conductor. Tchaikovsky was considered (to be) a talented conductor.

4. I supposed her to live in Moscow. She was supposed to live in Moscow.

5. Nobody expected the picture to be exhibited. The picture was not expected to be exhibited.

6. The director believed everybody to know about the rehearsal.

7. The cameraman supposes these shots to be spoiled. These shots are supposed to be spoiled

Task 5. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя сложное дополнение с инфинитивом (Complex Object).

1. Я слышал, что он открыл дверь. 2. Я почувствовала, что кто-то смотрит на меня. 3. Я видел, что он пошел к окну. 4. Он заметил, что она вздрогнула. 5. Дети стояли и смотрели, как плавают медведи.

Task 6. Вставьте модальные глаголы may (might), can (could), must (had to) и переведите

предложения.

1. ... you help me? 2. Something was wrong with the car: he ... not start it. 3. She asked me if

she ... use my telephone. 4. You ... take this book: I don't need it. 5. You ... not argue with the

boss. 6. It... be very difficult to learn Chinese. 7.1... to do a lot of homework yesterday.

Task 7. Переведите текст, обращая внимания на грамматику (действительный и страдательный залог, сложные дополнение и подлежащее, герундий, причастия),которую повторили в упражнениях перед текстом.