Advertising // Each of us is an expert in advertising. Our first words and sounds we heard from advertising on television or on the radio. On advertising, we can determine whether we like the product or not. Each advertising makes us react emotionally, cry or laugh. Usually when we have a choice between two items, we choose the one that was shown in the advertisement. Advertising is an art. Advertising can we manage. Promotional activities will always prosper. After all, advertising is a massive engine in marketing and economics. Because the advertising we said: what to buy, where to buy, where to buy/
Team Works/ Career paths of thousands of managers, studied 20 years at Stanford University. The researchers concluded that the two main qualities that were indispensable.First quality is the ability to operate during the crisis.Second quality is the ability to function as a team member.The team mainly consists of an equal number of men and women. With one common goal. Your main task to demonstrate his idea and implement it in the command. It is best when all team members work together, so is a great deal of work. Your job in your company requires you to know, as the saying goes: "everything, everywhere" and be aware of what you are doing. As a member of the team, you'll need the assistance and cooperation of many people. The main objective is to implement what you have!
Economics хрестоматия The economy of the many problems in the world. Humanity has three main economic problems. This Is:1. What commodities are to be well-produced and in what quantities?2. How will goods be well-produced? By whom?3. For whom will goods be well-produced.Resource-material that is used for the production of goods and services. Scarce resources, it's economic resources. Because resources are limited, and you need to select. Economists are particularly interested in four main areas:1. What determines what the society produces?2. What determines how it is well-produced?3. What determines how the output is society’s distributed among the people?4. What determines the rate at which the society’s productive capacity will grow?Today, societies all these questions and solve problems differently.In other cases decisions are made in markets – a market economy. Rather, all societies are mixed economies, with elements of market and command.
Contracts. In foreing trade transactions a contract is drawn up to give legal expression to the intentions of the partners and to guarantee that the obligations contained in the contract will be fulfilled. As a rule the contract contains a number of clauses, such as : - Subject of the contract names the product for sale or purchase. – The price stated in a contract may be firm fixed or sliding. Firm prices are not subject to change in a course of the fulfillment of the contract. – The contract also names the terms of delivery and delivery schedule which is usually given in the enclosure to the contract. – One the essential clauses of the contract is the Guarantee Clause. It says that the supplied equipment and tehnological process should be in conformity with the latest technical achievements and in full conformity with the technical documentation technical specifications and conditions of the Contract. – Packing goods for export is a highly specialized job. The equipment should be shippet in export seaworthy paking. – Making should be made with indelible paint in two languages on three sides of the case. – Every contract name Insurance of Goods. All sensible businessmen now insure goods for the full value in order to obtain indemnity in case of damage or loss. Every contract contains a Force Major clause. FM is a force against which you cannot act or fight. The duration of a FM is, a rule , 4 or 6 months. After that the buyer has the right to cancel the contract. The seller in this case has no right to claim any compensation for his losses.
Business correspondence. Business transactions usually start with inquires. As a rule , the prospective Seller either at an exhibition, from an advertisement , an a TV or radio commercial. Inquiries can be sent by mail, by telex or by fax. In the inquiry the prospective Buyer states in what goods exactly he is interested and asks for the details of the price and terms of sale. Often the Buyer asks the other publications and , if possible , samples oe patterns send him a quotation the Buyer gives a detailed description. After considering the inquiry for some time the prospective seller sends an offer in reply . The offer express the wish of the seller to sell the goods. But it`s not a legal document and the seller may for this or that reason decide not to sell. The offer is only the first step in a contract. The sellers may offer their goods to their regular customers. These are voluntary or free offers. They are formally called without obligation. This kind of offer does not bind the seller and therefore may be made to several potential byers. Then there are firm offers. A firm offer is made by the seller to one potential Buyer.
Business talks. Our company is one of the leading manufacturers of engines in Minsk. We produce a wide range of engines for automobile industry. We produce 80% of engines for home industry and 20 % of our products go to different countries of the world. Our manufacturing plant has modern facilities to produce engines of different models. The company delivers engines to markets of Europe , to the North and the South of America. We are also interested in selling our goods to the countries of the East. We do business with many foreign companies interested in buying our engines. When a representative of a foreign company gets instructions to buy engines from our company he arrives in Minsk and contacts our manager to make an appointment. Our manager and the representative of a foreign company who was instructed to sign a contract for buying the latest model of engines from our company have business talks held in friendly atmosphere. The negotiating parties discuss prices and terms of payment and delivery , packing and guarantee period. When the agreement is reached on the business matters discussed the date of signing the contract is scheduled. We are punctual in business and never break the appointment. When the contract is signed we do our best not to make infringements in any of its clauses during the fulfillment of the contract. We are always heavy with orders as many firms want to place orders with our company.
Fairs and exhibition. In the commercial world today fairs and exhibitions play an important role. Every year a lot of international national and specialized exhibitions and fairs are held in different countries of the world. The display during these exhibitions include a wide range of exhibitions which show. The latest achievements in different fields of industry, science and excellent opportunity to show what they have for sale, to make contacts and to learn about a market quickly and easily. Businessmen can negotiated transactions and sign contracts during international fairs and exhibitions. Visitors can buy any goods and attract. Fairs and exhibitions are held mottoes : < People and Progress>, <Peace and Progress Through Economic Cooperation >. Fairs and exhibitions pave the way for the consolidation of peace and friendship among nations. Our country take part in international fairs and exhibitions.
Marketing In recent years marketing has become a driving force in most companies.Marketing includes all the business activities connected with the movement of goods from producers to consumers.The field of marketing is one of the most important fields.Marketing is today considered as the most important element that fuels the progress of a company.Sales being of a company’s revenue. Marketing is essential for generation sales.We must have a clear idea of: what the customers need, what the customers want, what causes them to buy. Through advertising producer attempts to influence the customer to buy.Marketing operations are very expensive. Marketing operations include product planning, buying, pricing, promotion, selling, marketing research.
Mass Media There are different kinds of mass media:telephone ,TV,press,radio,internet and other.A mass medium is a means we use to send a massage to someone else.Both on radio and TV you can listen to a programme on sports ,art,news ,music,and wether.The different is that on TV you can see everything you^ve heard about.Both radio and TV play an inpotant role in our life as well newspaper.But mewspapers offer advertiers several advantages over other media .Most adults read a daily newspaper.Daily newspapers also offer the advantage of timeliness.Advertising is a message designad to promote a product ,a service or an idea.Mass Media play or impotant role in our life because thanks to it we learn a lot of new intersting and informative .
Microeconomics is one of the two major fields of standard economic. Microeconomics is the study of the economic behavior of individual consumers, firms, and industries. Microeconomics analyses firms both as suppliers of products and as consumers of labour and capital. The central components of microeconomics are demand, supply, and market equilibrium. Demand refers to how individuals or house-holds form their demands for different goods and services. Supply refers to how firms decide which and how many goods or services they will supply.
Microeconomics as a study analysis offers a detailed treatment of individual decisions about particular commodities. Microeconomics assumes that people behave rationally. Microeconomists tend to offer a detailed treatment of one aspect of economic behavior, but ignore interactions with the rest of the economy. Our interest in microeconomics is motivated by more than our need to understand how the larger economy works. In microeconomics we spend more time looking at which goods are produced, who produces them, and who receives them.
Foreign trade in Belarus
In order to create a favorable international trade and investment climate for the national economy the Republic of Belarus has signed 23 agreements on mutual protection on investments.
The basic criteria in concluding bilateral agreements are
1 ) The needs of Belarus which can be satisfied through improving external economic relations
2 ) Working out a conceptual perspective of development and estabilishing economic relations with foreign countries with regard to the blocs of countries.
3 ) Basic areas of trade and economics cooperation.
Ties of Belarus with the World Trade Organization the multilateral structure which occupies a central place in regulating the contemporary system of international trade and economic relations are the uppermost importance for the republic.
The period from 1997 to 2000 will be decisive in including the republic of Belarus into the WTO/
The Republic of Belarus traditional regards the European Union as its closest neighbor and major trading partner.
The regional structure of foreign trade in Belarus is fairly diverse
Looking for a Job
Looking for a job is a full-time occupation in itself. Look at yourself realistically, at your experience, likes and dislikes and decide.
If you feel you like the job being advertised or being offered to you make an application.
The aim of your application is to get you an interview$ the aim of interview is to get a job.
The first thing to do then is to draw up a personal information chart or CV (curriculum vitae).
- DO learn ahead of time about the company and its product
- DO answer questions honestly
- DO have a good resume
- DON’T apologize for your age
- DON’T keep stressing your need for a job
Macroeconomics.Macroeconomics emphasizes the interactions in the economy as a whole.In macroeconomics we tend to focus only on how much is produced or how many people are employed in the process.
Macroeconomics is the branch of economics that examines and explains economic facts in the aggregate. It’s including such aspects as government income, the balance of payments, fiscal policy, investment, money, etc. Macroeconomics seeks to understand the influence of all economic factors.
At the basic of macroeconomic is an understanding of what constitutes national output, or national income and the concept of gross national product.
The study of macroeconomics is relatively new. (beginning in 1930)
Carrеers in economics.
Your career options as an economics major are endless. Areas of study include Micro and Macroeconomics, International Economics, Money and Banking, Labor Markets, Cost Benefit Analysis, and Economic History and Theory.
The science of economics is concerned with all our material needs and wants.
If you have economic education you can become the accountant, the manager, the expert in marketing, economist, logistician etc.
In the future, I will be an expert in marketing.
Marketing is today considered as the most important element that fuels the progress of a company. Sales being of a company’s revenue. Marketing is essential for generation sales.