feR7cEJkk3
.pdf
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fucus |
vesiculosus, |
. |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
, |
, |
|
. . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
Fucus vesiculosus |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
2015 . |
5 |
. |
: |
|
|
( |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
- |
), |
|
( |
, |
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
). |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
3–4- |
|
|
|
Fucus vesiculosus, |
|
. |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1]. |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
( |
- |
) |
|
|
|
|
( |
|
|
|
. |
|
) |
|
Fucus |
vesiculosus |
|
11.94 |
|
23.9 |
/ . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
: |
- |
– |
( |
. 1). |
– |
– |
|
– |
|
– |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
||
|
|
, |
– |
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
81 |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
- |
|
|
|
|
, |
. |
|
, |
|
|
, |
, |
. |
[4, 6] |
, |
, |
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
40
35
ат/
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Д |
и |
- |
Ми |
и |
я |
З |
ц |
|
|
|
|
. 1.
Fucus vesiculosus
. |
|
|
|
|
: |
|
, |
, |
|
, |
. |
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
. |
3 |
( |
, |
- |
- |
||||
) |
10 |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
- |
|
( |
|
|
|
|
82
), |
« |
» |
– |
. |
. |
|
- |
|
|
|
[5]. |
… [2]
.
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
[3] |
|
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
. . |
|
, |
|
( |
|
– |
) |
2 |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
( |
|
, |
) |
. |
. |
- |
|
|
- |
|
, |
|
. |
|
, |
– |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
1. |
. . |
|
|
|
|
|
. – |
.: |
, 1976. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2014 |
. – |
, 2015. |
|
|
|
|
|
3. |
. . |
|
|
: |
. ... |
. |
. |
. – |
, 2016. |
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||
4. |
. ., |
|
. . |
|
|
|
// |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
. |
. |
. – 2007. – |
. 4, № 2. – |
. 44–57. |
|
|
|
5. |
. ., |
. ., |
. . |
. |
|
|
|
|
(2000–2011 |
) // |
|
. – 2012. – |
. 15, № 3. – |
. 544–550. |
|
6. |
. . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
c |
// |
, |
|
|
. – 2012. – |
. |
7. – |
. 98–113.
83
84
504.4(054)
28.081
. . |
, .Ю. |
«
»
. ,
|
( . |
) |
|
. |
|
. |
, |
- |
|
. |
|
|
: |
, |
, |
. |
|
|
|
E.P. Usacheva, E.Y. Alexandrova |
|
|
Murmansk State Arctic University |
|
|
Murmansk, Russia |
COMPLEX RESEARCH OF THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITION OF LAKES SEMENOVSKY AND LEDOVOE (CITY OF MURMANSK)
Abstract. During the analysis of Murmansk lakes pollution is defined; their unfitness for cultural and domestic and household water use are presented.
Key words: surface water, water body pollution rate, water quality.
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
. |
|
|
|
|
– . |
. |
. |
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
( |
, |
). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
2014 |
2015 |
. |
, |
; |
|
, |
|
|
; |
||
|
|
|
|
||
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
: |
17.1.3.07-82, |
31861- |
2012, |
2.1.5.980-00, |
31942-2012, |
24849-81. |
|
|
|
|
|
85 |
|
|
, |
|
: |
|
, |
, |
, |
|
|
|
[2]. |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
||
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
« |
», |
, |
|
|
, |
|
, |
[6]. |
2014 . |
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
1 . |
||
. 2015 . |
|
|
||||
, |
8 |
. |
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
||
30 |
, |
|
|
|
– 12 . |
|
( |
|
- |
|
), |
|
: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
1. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ё |
: |
|
ё |
, |
|
|
[3]. |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
. |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
2 |
|
, |
|
|
2014 |
|
., |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015 . |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
30 |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2014 . |
17 |
, |
2015 |
. – 10 . |
||
|
|
, |
|
ё |
. |
|
.
1.
.
86
|
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
. |
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|||
|
. |
|
|
|
|
(2014–2015 .) |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
2014 . |
|
2015 . |
|
2014 . |
|
2015 . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
. |
||
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
37° |
. |
, |
, |
. |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
– |
|
|
. |
|
, |
. |
22° |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
. |
|
ё |
|
ё |
- |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
( |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22° |
|
37° – |
4 |
). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. 1 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
||
|
. |
ё |
. |
|
|
|
|
87
. 1. |
|
. |
ё |
2014 . |
|
|
, |
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
ё , |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
- |
|
|
|
. |
ё ( |
2,9 |
2,8 |
, |
|
. 2). |
|
|
|
. 2. |
|
. |
2014 . |
, |
|
ё |
, |
|
|
||
, |
. |
, |
, |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
88 |
|
|
1997–2014 |
. [4]. |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
I |
|
|
|
(15%): |
|
|
|
|
. |
III |
(« |
|
|
»). |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
IV |
; |
« |
|
|
», |
– « |
». |
|
|
|
|
2. |
89
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1997–2014 |
.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1997 |
|
6 |
0,003 |
|
– |
2 |
|
0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
1998 |
|
6 |
0,003 |
|
– |
2 |
|
– |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
1999 |
|
8 |
0,001 |
|
0,0015 |
2 |
|
0,2 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2000 |
|
10 |
– |
|
0,0015 |
3 |
|
0,3 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2001 |
|
6 |
– |
|
– |
– |
|
0,4 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2002 |
|
4 |
– |
|
– |
– |
|
0,3 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2003 |
|
< 1 |
< 0,001 |
|
< 0,0005 |
< 1 |
|
< 0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2004 |
|
< 1 |
< 0,001 |
|
< 0,0005 |
< 1 |
|
< 0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2005 |
|
< 1 |
< 0,001 |
|
< 0,0005 |
< 1 |
|
< 0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2006 |
|
< 1 |
< 0,001 |
|
< 0,0005 |
< 1 |
|
< 0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2007 |
|
< 1 |
< 0,001 |
|
< 0,0005 |
< 1 |
|
< 0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2008 |
|
< 1 |
< 0,001 |
|
< 0,0005 |
< 1 |
|
< 0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2009 |
|
< 1 |
< 0,001 |
|
< 0,0005 |
< 1 |
|
< 0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2010 |
|
< 1 |
< 0,001 |
|
< 0,0005 |
< 1 |
|
< 0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2011 |
|
< 1 |
< 0,001 |
|
< 0,0005 |
< 1 |
|
< 0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2012 |
|
< 1 |
< 0,001 |
|
< 0,0005 |
< 1 |
|
< 0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2013 |
|
< 1 |
< 0,001 |
|
< 0,0005 |
< 1 |
|
< 0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
2014 |
|
< 1 |
< 0,001 |
|
< 0,0005 |
< 1 |
|
< 0,1 |
|
|
|
– |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
1 |
/ |
0,001 / |
|
0,0005 / |
1 / |
|
0,1 / |
|
0,001 |
/ |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
2003 . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
– 0,15 |
/ |
3. |
|
|
|
|||
|
2004 . |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|||
|
, |
|
, |
, |
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
( |
2012–2013 . |
). |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
II |
( |
|
(35,4%) . |
|
). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
«2 - |
», |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
: |
, |
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
||
, |
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
90