1. Read the following statements before you listen to the interview with Arpad and Evelina.

______ 1 Evelina is concerned about the crime news that she sees on TV.

______ 2 Arpad is not bothered by loud groups of teenagers on the street.

______ 3 Evelina is not worried about the availability of guns.

______ 4 Arpad says that someone was recently shot in a local restaurant.

______ 5 Evelina says that parents need to have more contact with their children.

______ 6 Arpad blames the high levels of crime on the availability of guns.

______ 7 Arpad thinks that teachers have the main responsibility for teaching values to children.

______ 8 Arpad supports gun control by the government.

2. Listen to the interview and take notes. Use your notes to answer the questions above. Write t (true) or f (false) in the blanks.

3. Compare your answers with a partner and then with the class. Correct the false statements together.

/Adapted from Academic listening encounters: life in society. Student’s Book. Kim Sanabria/

Speaking 2 TROUBLESHOOTING

Work in small groups. For each of the problems below, brainstorm as many solutions as you can in five minutes. Then compare your answers with those of another group. You can use some of the following expressions.

I’m in favour of … I support … I suggest … I go along with … I advise … We should start/stop …

I’m opposed to … I’m against … What about … We need … I recommend … I urge …

1. There is so much violence among today's youth, especially in the United States. What

can people do about this problem?

2. The majority of those arrested are from lower socioeconomic groups in the community. What do you think should be done about the problem?

3. Nowadays a lot of people feel unsafe in their city. How can we help solve this problem?

4. Many victims of crime do not report the crime which results in actual crime rates being 2/3 times higher than the official figures. What can we do about it?

Writing

Write a short paragraph about a social problem in Speaking 2. Express your opinion and give reasons for your ideas.

Example:

I’m in favour of requiring people to take a road test every time they renew their license. By polishing their skills and knowledge every few years, people will become better drivers …

Exchange paragraphs with a classmate. After you read your classmate’s paragraph, write another one explaining why you agree or disagree with your classmate’s viewpoint.

Example:

I go along with requiring additional road tests for drivers. People’s eyesight and reflexes can change a lot in five years. …

/Adapted from Focus on grammar, Marjorie Fuchs, Margaret Bonner/

Unit 2 ‘Types of Crime’

Presentation Reported statements and questions

Read the article about a robbery and answer the questions.

• Who was the painting of?

• How did the thief escape with the painting?

GUNMAN STEALS £650,000 PICASSO
A thief stopped a taxi outside the Hilton hotel at midday yesterday and asked to go to the Lefevre Gallery in central London. Giving the driver a £10 tip to wait, he walked into the private gallery and asked the value of Picasso's Tête de femme. The portrait of Picasso's girlfriend, Dora Maar, was painted in 1939 and is valued at £650,000. 'He seemed very civilised until he pulled out his gun,' said Camilla Bois, one of two assistants in the gallery when the thief entered.		He demanded the picture from the other assistant, Jacqueline Cartwright. 'He looked like an art student with long hair,' she said. He told her he had a gun and he wanted the picture. He told her to get it off the wall, but she said she could not. The man then pulled the picture from the wall and ran out of the gallery. The whole operation took 35 seconds. At the taxi, the thief pointed the gun at the driver and demanded to be taken to Wimbledon, south-west London.

Grammar questions

• Find and underline two examples of direct speech (words in quotation marks) and two examples of reported speech in the text.

• Look at these examples of reported speech from the text:

1. He told her he had a gun and he wanted the picture.

2. … she said she could not.

Which of the sentences below, i) or ii), do you think were the original words?

1. i) ‘I’ve got a gun and want the picture.’…

ii) 'Do as I say because I've got a gun. Give me that picture now.'…

b) i) 'I can't.'…

ii) 'I'm sorry, I can't do that.'…

• What is the basic rule about the use of tenses in reported speech? Complete the spaces by filling in the space in the right-hand column.

DIRECT SPEECH		REPORTED SPEECH
I don’t have any money.	Present Simple	Past Simple	I said that I (1) ___________________ any money.
I’m feeling well.	Present Continuous	Past Continuous	Peter said that he (2) ___________________ well.
I woke up feeling very ill.	Past Simple	Past Perfect	She said that she (3) ___________________ feeling very ill.
They were playing tennis at 10.	Past Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous	She said that they (4) ___________________ tennis at 10.
I have had a driving licence for a month.	Present Perfect	Past Perfect	She said that she (5) ___________________ a driving licence for a month.
I have been working in my present job for a year.	Present Perfect Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous	I said that I (6) ___________________ in my present job for a year.
Paul had already gone home.	Past Perfect	Past Perfect	She said that Paul (7) ___________________ home.
It had been raining at night.	Past Perfect Continuous	Past Perfect Continuous	He said that it (8) ___________________ at night.
will, can, may, must	Other changes	Other changes	would, could, might, had to

• What is the basic rule about the use of pointer words in reported speech? ('Pointer words' are words referring to specific times and places, e.g. 'this', 'now', 'here', 'tomorrow'.)

Complete the spaces by filling in the space in the right-hand column.

Direct	Reported
now
this (e.g. morning)
today
yesterday
tomorrow
next (e.g. week)
last (e.g. year)
here

• What is the difference in the way say and tell are used?

‘Are you on your own?’ he asked.

He asked if I was on my own.

‘How do you know John and Moira?’ he asked.

He asked how I knew John and Moira.

• What differences are there between direct questions and indirect questions?

• When is if used?

/Adapted from Developing Grammar in Context. Mark Nettle, Diana Hopkins/

Practice bank