- •Present Continuous
- •State verbs
- •Past Continuous
- •Future Continuous
- •Present Perfect
- •Past Perfect
- •Future Perfect
- •Present Perfect Continuous
- •Past Perfect Continuous
- •Future Perfect Continuous
- •Grammar exercises
- •3. Complete the text with one of the verbs from the list: contain, exist, find(x2), allow, dig, produce, try, be, unearth, perish, discover(x2), walk. Use the correct past or present tenses.
- •4. Read this biography from a movie magazine. Complete the text with the verbs in brackets in the past simple or present perfect (simple or continuous).
- •5. Fill in the gaps with a correct future form of the verbs in brackets.
- •7. Fill in the gaps with a verb from the list: be, buy, decide, develop, discuss, feel, like, make, phone, run, start, stay, take, visit, wait, work. Use the correct past tense.
- •8. Two students are discussing their plans for the weekend. Fill in the gaps using the most natural form of the future and the verb in brackets.
- •10. Look at the underlined verb tenses in this phone conversation between a mother and her daughter. Correct any errors.
- •Vocabulary for unit 1
- •Grammar reference unit 2 The indefinite article ’a’/’An’ – One/Ones
- •A(n)/One
- •One/Ones
- •The definite article
- •Modal verbs: present, past and future
- •Grammar exercises
- •2. Fill in the blanks with articles with names of continents, countries, states, provinces, cities and some other cases.
- •4. Fill in the blanks with articles before names of peninsulas, deserts, mountains, islands, falls, passes and some other cases if necessary.
- •5. Fill in the blanks with articles before geographic names and some other cases if necessary.
- •7. Underline the correct words. Sometimes both options are possible.
- •8. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of (not) have to, must, (not) need or should and the corresponding verb: tell, go(x2), pay (x2), pass, turn, buy (x2), forget, wear (x4)
- •10. Put one suitable word in each space.
- •11. Change each sentence so that the meaning stays the same.
- •12. Change each sentence so that it contains the word in capital, and so that the meaning stays the same.
- •Vocabulary for unit 2
- •Grammar reference unit 3 Modal perfect
- •Grammar exercises
- •3. Change each sentence so that it contains the words in capitals, and so that the meaning stays the same.
- •6. For each of the sentences below make a new sentence as similar in meaning as possible to the original sentence, but using the word(s) given. The word(s) must not be altered in any way.
- •7. Replace the underlined phrases with a suitable past modal phrase.
- •9. Match each of these items with the phrase or sentence more likely to follow it.
- •10. Give a negative response for b using need in an appropriate form and the verb in brackets.
- •Vocabulary for unit 3
Grammar reference unit 1
Present Continuous
We use the present continuous
To talk about temporary situations:
I’m studying really hard for my exams.
My cousin is living in Thailand at the moment. (=he doesn’t normally live there).
2.To talk about actions happening at the moment of speaking:
I’m waiting for my friends.
3. To talk about trends or changing situations:
The Internet is making it easier for people to stay in touch with each other.
The price of petrol is rising dramatically.
4. To talk about things that happen more often than expected, often to show
envy or criticize with words like always, constantly, continually, forever:
My mum’s always saying I don’t help enough! (complain)
He’s always visiting exciting places! (envy)
5. To talk about personal or impersonal arrangements:
We’re taking a month off in the summer.
The bank is laying off 200 staff.
State verbs
State verbs are verbs which describe a state rather than an action and therefore do not normally have continuous tenses. These include:
verbs which express likes and dislikes: like, love, dislike, hate, enjoy, prefer, adore, etc. e.g. I love chocolate ice cream.
verbs of senses: see, hear, smell, taste, feel, look, sound. We often use can or could with these verbs when we refer to what we see, hear, etc. at the moment of speaking. e.g. Jim must be at home.I can see his car parked outside.
verbs of perception: know, believe, understand, realize, remember, forget,notice, recognize, think, seem, see(=understand), expect (=think), etc. e.g. I expect they will be late.
some other verbs such as be, contain, include, belong, fit, matter, cost, mean, own, want, owe, have (=possess), require, weigh, wish, keep(=continue),etc. e.g. My uncle owns a hotel.
Some of the above verbs are used in continuous tenses when they describe actions and not states. Study the following examples:
I think he’s lying. (=believe).
I’m thinking about the plan. (= am considering).
The food tastes delicious. (=has a delicious flavour).
He is tasting the food. (=is tasting the flavour of).
I can see some people. (=perceive with my eyes).
I see what you mean. (=understand).
I’m seeing my doctor tomorrow. (=am meeting).
It looks as if they have finished the job. (=appears).
Mike is looking out of the window. (=is directing his eyes).
This perfume smells nice. (=has a nice smell).
He is smelling the milk. (=is sniffing).
The baby’s hair feels like silk. (=has the texture of).
She is feeling the baby’s forehead. (=is touching).
Bob has a Porsche. (=possesses).
He’s having a shower at the moment. (=is taking a shower).
The chicken weighs 2 kilos. (=has a weight of).
The butcher is weighing the meat. (=is measuring how heavy it is).
This dress fits you perfectly. (=it is the right size).
We are fitting new locks. (=are putting in).
He appears to be nervous. (=seems).
He is appearing in a new play. (=is taking part).
He is a rude person. (=character – permanent state).
He is being rude. (=behavior – temporary situation, usually with adjectives such as careful, silly, (im)polite, lazy, etc.)
I enjoy going to parties. (=I enjoy parties in general).
I’m enjoying this party a lot. (=specific preference).