Добавил:
Upload Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:
контрольные для ЗС ин.яз.doc
Скачиваний:
6
Добавлен:
24.11.2019
Размер:
148.48 Кб
Скачать

Вариант № 13

1. Прочитайте и дайте полный письменный перевод текста

Business Plans: Company Structure

One of the best ways to demonstrate your company's structure is by selecting a business structure, and creating an organization chart to accompany it. the chart should be accompanied with a narrative describing the chart's structure, the responsibility of each person, and their qualifications.

Businesses are usually structured on one of three basic business structures: Sole Proprietorship, Partnership or a Corporation.

A sole proprietorship is an unincorporated business owned only by one person. It is the most simple and basic form of business organization. Without you, the owner, the business wouldn't exist. As the sole business owner, you take on all the responsibility, the liabilities and the risks. Of course, you also completely benefit from the profits.

A partnership is a business established by two or more people. Each person contributes something to the business - whether it is money, labor, skill, or property. In turn, the partners share the profits along the lines of the investment input.

Corporations are businesses where the shareholders transfer money and/or property for the company's capital stock. Profits of the corporation are distributed according to investment in the capital stock. A corporation can take some of the same deductions as a sole proprietorship, and also offers special tax deductions that make corporations attractive.

Usually you define your business structure in the executive summary. Your organizational summary includes an organizational chart. You'll show each person in the organization, the reporting structure of each person in the company. In the narrative you detail the responsibilities of each person. You should include:

  • names of the owners;

  • percentage of ownership;

  • extent of involvement in the company.

If any of these individuals are involved in the management of the company,] also include their resumes that list:

  • Company responsibilities;

  • Education;

  • Experience and skills;

  • Qualified achievements;

  • Prior employment;

  • Compensation.

List all the other employees of the company, the positions they hold and their responsibility.

If you have multiple locations, show the structure. Where is the corporate office located? Are there satellite locations, do you plan to expand within the ( state, nation or internationally?

The business structure section of the business plan gives basic information about your company and the management staff. It's an essential part of the plan, because it shows the care and thought you have put into your business and how it is structured.

Вариант № 14

1. Прочитайте и дайте полный письменный перевод текста

International trade studies determinants of goods-and-services flows across international boundaries. It also concerns the size and distribution of gains from trade. Policy applications include estimating the effects of changing tariff rates and trade quotas. International finance is a macroeconomic field which examines the flow of capital across international borders, and the effects of these movements on exchange rates. Increased trade in goods, services and capital between countries is a major effect of contemporary globalization.

The distinct field of development economics examines economic aspects of the development process in relatively low-income countries focusing on structural change, poverty, and economic growth. Approaches in development economics frequently incorporate social and political factors.

Economic system is the branch of economics that studies the methods and institutions by which societies determine the ownership, direction, and allocation economic resources. An economic system of a society is the unit of analysis.

Among contemporary systems at different ends of the organizational spectrum are socialist systems and capitalist systems, in which most production occurs in respectively state-run and private enterprises. In between are mixed atomies. A common element is the interaction of economic and political influences, broadly described as political economy. Comparative economic systems study the relative performance and behavior of different economies or systems.