О. М. Ільченко Англійська мова для науковців

Appendix IV

201

a written ~	invitation ~	oral ~
письмове	запрошення	усне
	a formal ~
	офіційне

запрошувати відмовлятися від ~

прийняти ~ розглянути питания про

long-term ~ довгострокова

preliminary ~ попередня

розробити ~ запропонувати ~ за програмою

deputy ~ заступник

головувати

виконувати обов'язки

to invite

to refuse an ~ to decline an ~

to turn down an ~

to accept ~ to consider ~

		~ in brief
	program ~	коротка
		a final ~
	програма
		остаточний
		варіант
	current ~	a draft ~
	програма, що діє на	проект
	поточний момент
	to develop a ~
	to offer a ~
	according to the program

chairperson (chairman, chairwoman) ~

голова

newly elected ~ щойно обраний (обрана)

to preside

to be in the chair to act as a ~

chairmanship головування

(at a conference, meeting)

202

Appendix IV

invited ~

speaker ~

plenary ~

запрошений

доповідач

пленарний

principal ~

keynote ~

основний

головний

список доповідачів

a list of speakers

стендова доповідь

poster presentation

засідання

session

семінар

workshop

обговорення

discussion

дебати, дискусія

debate

важливе

питання, проблема

important

question

актуальне

urgent

problem

burning

matter

vital

issue

point

точка зору

point of view, viewpoint

порядок денний

agenda

включити до порядку денного

to include in the agenda

регламент

time-limit

протокол

minutes

бюлетень

ballot

голосувати

to vote

BASIC CRITERIA

regarding the level of papers

ORIGINALITY

Does the paper present a new idea or development which has not

previously been published?

TECHNICAL/SCIENTIFIC VALUE

Docs the paper present an important step in the process of going from

an idea or concept into an industrial product?

CLARITY AND SUITABILITY

Is the subject well presented? Does it clearly state what results have

been obtained?

Is it suitable for presentation at this particular conference?

Appendix IV

203

REGISTRATION FORM

To pre-register complete this form and return it to the organisers.

□I am interested in the conference. Please send me a conference program and registration form

□I am unable to attend but would like to remain on your mailing list

Please complete in block letters (type or print)

Title (Mr/Mrs/Ms):

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

First name:

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Last name:

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Job title:

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Position held:

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Organisation:

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Address:

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Postcode/zipcode:

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Country:

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Spouse's name (if attending)

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Telephone:

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Fax:

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

E-mail:

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Signature: Date:

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

204	Appendix V

V

TIPS ON RESUME WRITING

The traditional academic curriculum vitae (c.v.) highlights your education. A resume highlights experience and abilities. It includes:

a) personal data (leave out such personal data as age and marital status).

NAME

MAILING ADDRESS

Telephone number

FAX, e-mail number

b) educational background (mention your degree, college or university attended, areas of special training).

EDUCATION

c)work experience

EXPERIENCE

d)references.

Appendix VI

205

VI

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

1. General questions

Загальні запитання — це запитання, на які можна відповісти «так» чи «ні». Присудок ставиться перед підметом, якщо він виражений дієсловом to be (або to have у British English) в Simple Present та Simple Past:

Are you here?

Перед підметом ставиться допоміжне або модальне дієслово, якщо це дієслово входить до складу присудка:

Can you speak Italian? Are you writing a letter? Will you do this research?

Якщо присудок виражений дієсловом у Simple Present або Simple Past, (крім дієслів to be (to have — British English), перед підметом ставиться допоміжне слово do (does, did):

Do you know this rule?

Did he come yesterday?

MIND: Do you have this book? (American English)

Have you got this book? (British English)

У заперечній форм заперечна частка not ставиться перед смисловим дієсловом, або зливається з допоміжним або модальним дієсловом. Такі запитання в українській мові перекладаються «невже». В англійські мові ствердна відповідь на запитання у заперечній формі завжди починаеться словом yes:

—Don't you want to join us?

—Yes, I do.

—Didn't you see him?

—Yes, I did.

—Won't you come later?

—Yes, I will.

2.Special question

Спеціальні запитання починаються словами who? what? when? why? where? which? whose? how much/many?

—Who wrote this article?

—I did.

What did you do yesterday?

3. Alternative questions

Альтернативні запитання стосуються одного з двох явищ, речей, i завжди вживаються зі сполучником

or:

Shall I read or translate this passage? What test is more difficult: TOEFL or GRE? Did Bill or did Laura enter the university?

206	Appendix VI

4. Disjunctive questions

Роз'єднувальні запитання складаються з двох частин: перша — стверджувальне або запитальне речення з прямим порядком слів, друга — коротке загальне запитання. Якщо перша частина запитання є стверджувальним реченням, то дієслово у другій частині стоїтъ у заперечнії формі i навпаки:

You have already translated the text, haven't you?

He cannot (can't) understand it, can he?

There is a solution to the problem, isn't there?

He visited Canada last year, didn't he?

MIND:

Everyone {someone) has read the announcement, haven't they?

NOTE

Rhetorical questions — риторичні запитання

a. Direct rhetorical questions often introduce a topic:

What do we know about ... ?

What is the nature of ... ?

b. The leading rhetorical questions are used to focus on the main points of a topic:

□with positive implication:

Isn't Chinese hard to learn? (Implication: it is hard to learn Chinese)

□with negative implication:

Who was more interested in the project than John? (Implication: no one was more interested in the project).

Appendix VII

207

	VII
	Verbs MAKE and DO
MAKE				DO
create or produce something				action
ALSO used with food and meals, and nouns related
to verbs:
They discovered a new star — they made an
important discovery.
I phoned him — I made a quick phone call.
MAKE				DO
an agreement				a degree
an announcement				research (work)
an attempt				experiment
a change				business
a decision				engineering (etc.)
a meal (prepare a meal)				one's best
dinner				one's duty
a comment				good
remark				harm
an effort				the homework
an estimate				the housework
an impression (on someone)				the dishes (мити посуд)
mistake
money
progress
request

208		Appendix VIII
	VIII
	IRREGULAR VERBS
Present	Past	Past Participle
cost	cost	cost
cut	cut	cut
hit	hit	hit
hurt	hurt	hurt
let	let	let
put	put	put
set	set	set
split	split	split
build	built	built
lend	lent	lent
send	sent	sent
spend	spent	spent
hold	held	held
lead	led	led
read /ri:d/	read /red/	read /red/
understand	understood	understood
deal	dealt	dealt
feel	felt	felt
mean	meant	meant
leave	left	left
meet	met	met
lose	lost	lost
sleep	slept	slept
get	got	got (gotten —American English)
win	won	won
sell	sold	sold
tell	told	told
sit	sat	sat
stand	stood	stood
strike	struck	struck
make	made	made
say	said	said
hear	heard	heard
come	came	come
become	became	become
run	ran	run
begin	began	begun
drink	drank	drunk
swim	swam	swum
sink	sank	sunk
ring	rang	rung
break	broke	broken
choose	chose	chosen
give	gave	given
freeze	froze	frozen

Appendix VIII			209
steal		stole	stolen
take		took	taken
rise		rose	risen
speak		spoke	spoken
write		wrote	written
grow		grew	grown
know		knew	known
throw		threw	thrown
draw		drew	drawn
bring		brought	brought
buy		bought	bought
seek		sought	sought
catch		caught	caught
teach		taught	taught
think		thought	thought
eat		ate	eaten
fall		fell	fallen
do		did	done
go		went	gone
forget		forgot	forgotten
see		saw	seen
draw		drew	drawn
hide		hid	hidden (hid)
MIND:
find		found	found
found		founded	founded
feel		felt	felt
fall		fell	fallen
lay		laid	laid
lie		lay	lain
to learn —	learnt/learned	—	learnt/learned
to dream —	dreamt/dreamed	—	dreamt/dreamed
to burn —	burnt/burned	—	burnt/burned

210	Appendix IX, X

IX

FREQUENCY SCALE

always

nearly always, almost always

usually, generally, normally, regularly («on most occasions») frequently, often («on many occasions»)

sometimes («on some occasions») rarely, seldom («on few occasions») hardly (scarcely) ever («almost never») never

X

PROBABILITY SCALE

It is highly probable

There is high probability

In all probability

It is probable

In all likelihood

It is very likely

More than likely

It is likely

It is very possible

It is possible

It is not impossible

It is not unlikely

It is not very probable

It is not very likely

It is unlikely