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' $# " # " 8 & " " # % > %& A C #- " # " E# #"$&*% " 8 # C " # # #%& # , "- >/ #"$&*% ## % # # $& 8& # " / & > " % / $& #% # /. ' ? $% , A!! # " * C 8 >" $# #"$&*% ## -#%& # & & "- " # %& A C # " # " , #%C & > #% 8 # . D- % A " 8, $# $## 8 #/ #%& # " / & > ? &*E / 0,95 8 8 #8 8 " ! & " # C $ - " #. $% & " $" $& * C & O @" , % # ,

#$% &* $& 8& # 8 # . A "$& ## A C #- " # " $#" " > #%8 # ?H 8 8 # , $# =# 8 *E #@ C $% " # # E #@ "& #/ >- $& # % O @" . ' A 8 "& $# " # " > 8 #$& @ " $8 #%8 #/ C& C C& # " E # 8$-" C A& # " / $" # $& " " # $#

#$& " " #, $ $# & / /, $# C& $# , 8 C&- 8 C& [1].

< # 8 ## $"" " # 8 # " # C " #- @= C #"$&*% &# #%& # & % C # " / & > 0,98 8 8. 8 # > %&> " #8 @ ? &*E# &- =# >, ? "$# >$& # "& # C # . 8# " & , "& # C # #%& # " - / & > 0,98 8 8 >$& " # 8 "& , " 8 8 %& "- # "& # $& " # #% "& ? & C# C 8 # &=# / 0,6 88. > #""& # $% , $# " # " > #" /

$& " # > nSi = 3,57 # gSi = 0,103, $& " # > #% " " # E C " 8 # — nSi = 3,57 # gSi = 0,142. '" A %> 8 *E # $% " # 8 # . F # / > $# " # " #" C 8 # $# " # @ " $# > "$# $ $#- " #8 " /" 8 $&$# [2].

0 +

1.' !" . . ' # $# . . – .: F, 1947.

2.! . ., ? . ., + F. ., 0 * . . $#- " # " /" $&$# : "$# . # : 8 , 1987.

161

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""8 >/ $# #$ $" # # C& $ "-$# # " C " # !$# 8 / 8 # > (K ). ' $& C- 8 8 # # ! 8 # ? C& $ #% & " #% #% ? # $# # " C " ? % $#8 # > $"& &* " /, $% & ?# *" #% / $C E " # #%8 #/ [1].

< # #$ /" # C& C # " #%8 ## C& &-$& " $# # " C " , %$& C "# ?H . & C#- " ## #% ? # $& " #"$&*% " K . % ? # / $ - " & " ? / # 8 > # " &> $& ". < # & $ - & " ?" &@ >/ C & $ ?H , 8 %$& " , "# &* " K . F # C& > #"& " $# ? ? " C #% ? # . & $C E " * #%8 #/ ? "$# " % " ? &*- E C " #%8 # &* C 8 ""# , $& 8 C #"& 8 $# " & K .

& # " > $8 A "$#8 &* / " # >- #"& &" C & & $& " $ #%& 8 >E &C # 8 $# - 8 8 C #%8 ## $/ $& ! 8 /. # #8 &* $C E- " * #%8 #/ C& $ # & 20—45º " " & ± 5". < "& ? # $& ! 8> % #"#8 " # −( ) $# " # " " "#- " 8 # " " " & @= , 8 "#8 &* $C E " *, $& A "$#8 &* , " " & ± 0,5'.

"$&*% 8>/ $# #$ $" # # $% & " #%# * C - " # &* " * $C E " 8 " #, ? "$# >" @ - " * #%8 #/ 8 "" C ? # > $8 . < # #%8 # D <$& # C& C $& # " " " #& ? & 5". < #$& ## ?> > E 8>, "#8> %8 8# $# " & !$#- 8 / 8 # > # # >8 "" # 8 8 $# " & 8# "

# " &? .

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1. ! F. ., . ., F$ . . # C& $ " $# # " C " # !$# 8 / 8 # > $& 8 #8 // - & C# . 2011. M 8. D. 34—37.

162

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‚ &*@ / ? > & " " & # %8 " # #"$&*%- # $& # & $& # / $& #% C #%& # . & A C $ " # &* >/ % $& #% # > #" # $& # # $& #% # / $#%8>. ? $ #""&- &*" 8 8 & Y-19 « % # $& #% ## " . F &@" ». ' " #" # #%& # #"$&*% >: >" A C # " # A!- ! # " # 8 # #% > " # , #%& @=# " >/ " (Z = 630 8), $&$# >/ & % " / $& #%- >8 #%& # 8 & > 530 8. < & # # $& #% # $#%8 " "* > " # / 8 # > $. %# @=#8 A& 8 8 & &" $& # , " & >/ $ $#- 8 # 8 #%& # .

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#". 1 "$" & > % &* > #%8 #/ $& #% # > - #" # $& # # $#%8> $# #"$&*% ## " #" # #%- & # & % C # . % #" # , $& #% @= "$" ? " * $#%8> ? &*E , 8 $& # . " A #8 ? #8 8 # *, "$* $& #% ## #%& # , ? "$# 8 $& # 8, % #"# & $& " " #, / # " $& , "# &* "# $@- = C C #%& # [1]. ' "& #"$&*% # " #" # #%& # " # / 8 # >, % # @ % # &* > "& " # " @" # / 8 & , C $# #"$&*% ## E#$C $&- # . < # A 8 " & , A!! # " * #"$&*% # $#%8> " # " , 8 A!! # " * #"$&*% # $& # .

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1. - . ., F$* . ., . . ' # $ $& > $& # " " # $& #% ## #%& # // $# " #/ &. 1998. . 65. M1. D. 38—40.

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164

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#" &&> C & # (" &*!# " # ) ?> #8# #% $> 8- # & , > % # & $&$# A& # . & # & " ! " # &* >8 8 # & 8 " 8 & / E# # / %$= / % > ^% . 0,41 A', #8 $? " @ % $#8 " # # ?&-? &*E#8 % # 8 " # " / #A& # " / $# 8 " #.

' / ? 8 8 A& C $8 C # C % " ( < ) #% "* 8 C # > " /" # " $#8 " > C- # . < ?&@ &" " 9,3 "$8 -12 !# 8> «Varian» $# 8$ 4,2, 77 # 300 . O>& " & , #""&- 8 8 ? % $# 8 / 8$ (F = 300 ) ## < ?&@ @ " . < # 8$ 77 # 4,2 ? % ? # E# # / & 5 ", #% 8 #%$>8 g-! 8 2,0025 ±

± 0,0005. < # 8$ # C C ? % " #/ C- # 0,01 ".% 8 ## " g = 2,0025 ± 0,0005, ?&@ @ " " 8* E# # #/, > & $8 C # C " "$# >8 8 8 8 S = 7/2. ?&@ 8> ## & "* 8$8# / " > "$ < . % " $& &* / ## & "* 325 mT # # ## $" # E C 8 C # C $& % #" & . " " & #%$8 g = 2,0020±0,0005. O > ## ($ # " / " >) %> "* A " 8 &* > $& # # # 08[001]. # # &* >8 & " , #- " && " # / C # ~0,1 ".% # ## ?> ?- > $# 8$ 4,2 , # $# ? & >" # 8$. > $& C 8, 8 "& ?&@ " A!! , " % >/ " C#- ? # #% # / " " #/ $#8 " C C # " " " # 8# A& $#8 " #. # " ? " # %8 " # % # # & &* > 8 C # > 8 8 $#8 " > $> # # " =- " @= / " #8# "$# / $& #% ## A& $#8 " # ?>&? [1], C ?>& $% , % " # ## $#- 8 "# $C # 8 $# " # & % ## A& C E / A& / ? & #.

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1. +! . ., '$)? . ., ! .'. # " 8 $#" #@ #% 8$> A!! 8 && # & C# > $&$# " / ## A& / # " # // K . 2009. . 35. M 8—9. D. 891—903.

165

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""8 8 #%8 #/ "$# $& #% ## $8 C , 8 #"- & 8 = C ( 10 ' ) $> C #%& # , " >/ C& / % #"#8 " # $C& = &* / "$" ? " # $& > ! # "- " # $& #% ## #%& # . D " #%8 #/ "$# $& #%- ## #%& # $" & " ? / " ? % !$# 8 " /- " .

< 8 8 " " # "$# $& #% ## $8 C #%& # & %- > # " C " % &* C C # # ( ) 8 " # * # $# " # " % [1] # [2], % # # " " ## . ' / ? $& C " $" / 8 #%8 # "$# $& #% ## #%& # $& " " #, $ $# & / p-n-$. < % , $8 % > > "#C & ! # , $# 8 > $& = # > "$& > $ %- >8# C& 8# $@= 8 # #%& #@, %8 $& # "- $# $& #% ## # &* / $& " " #.

$#8 #8 & # C " # # &* 8 C #%& # . % " , $# 8 = " # #%& # 13 ' " " 8- >/ #%& # # &* / $& " " # [2]. O& C A 8 $& " %8 " * #%8 # "$# $& #% ## #%& #% / ?& " # " C " # , $#& C @= / C / "#.

" & , "$* $& #% ## #%& # $& " " #, $ $# & / - -$, $# " # $" , " ? & % $>E 500 " . < # ? 8 = > ? & 500 " "$* $& #% ## #%& # A / $& " " # 8 *E " # # $& *" C& % #"#8 " *, " # &*" - ## $"" C ## $& #% # @ #" # #%& # .

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1.F" * . ., ( # .'. %8 # $8 D " #%& # $&- $# > & % // A& # . 2011. .41. M 10. D. 869—874.

2.. . = > $&$# > & % > " C " % &* C C # # // A& # . 2010. .40. M 8. D. 661—681.

166

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#8 #% 8 #""& # $# " # > " &- " 8 & % / ! C !##, " >/ #"$&*% ## "- # C & % C #%& # , % # @= C #""& 8 @ $#- " # @ " , " $"& @= / #! / C#" # / # ?- ? / $& C #% ? # [1].

? $" = #""& #@ ! ## # # " C & % C $ #!! %# 8 "& # " #. "$#8 &* " " " # #% & % , "#" 8> ! 8# # % # @= C #%&- # , $% / @ >, / " % #!! %# >/ "& /, A , #! / ! 8 > # 8$*@ .

& #! / ? ? # ! C 88 % ? &C # 8 # " %-$C 88 . &C # 8 $" & " ? / $"& &* $#8- # !#&* #% ? #@, $% & " # * E 8> % " # # $& # * ? 8 @ % " * ! C 88> [2]. #". 1 $# > ! C 88> # $"& 8$*@ / ? ? #, " " .

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1.? . ., .0., *H (. . % !- C !# . .: K#%8 , 2008. – 176 ".

2.+ % '.D, *H (. . ! # # # " C & % C $ #!! %# 8 "& # " # // D? # > - C C " 8# «K#%# & % > $"" # $#8 # ». % *, 2012.

167

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Y# #"$&*% # $& #% # > " /" & % / - # , $# " # " /" $& #% # / !#&* ## " > $ ?> # "$, "#" 8 3D # # & # # - & &* / $?& 8 & " $& #% # > A& 8 ," % " $#%# >8# #%8 # 8# #" # $& #% ## #%& # .

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

D $8 =*@ 8$& $# " C ? # >$& > #%8- # $8 " $& #% , $8 $& #% ## #%& # & 8$> # , $E E C % "$ $& " # D & # $ - 8 $& #% ## #%& # $&$# C & % . ""& " #" # E 8 > !& #/ > !$# 8 # . '>$& " # $C E " / #%8 #/ " % &* 8# 8$*@ C 8- # .

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1.$ . . K 8 &* > $&> " # & % > #%8 #/. %- , 2006 . – 32 ".

2.E .1., ! .0. < & #% # $# . .: K#%8 , 2012.

–456 ".

168

6. . 9 ' , .; . . . * 3 B , . . ., . (!"# «$%"»)

< # #"$&*% ## ? " > 8 # C " # # #- > $, % # @=# ?%# C > C C A C # " # " , " ? , " "$> 8 " , E#-$#8 @ " $# " # " 8> " #"$&*% # 8 ! A& # " / 8 C$# " &* / / # ( & — #! C !$# 8 C " /" (‚K )). ' > A # " /" #8 @ ! 8 "#&* > > $8 C &* # , %8 > > $# " # "$@ " %8 8# # ! " # &* > $& = . 8# #8 &* >/ / >/ %- 8 $8 C &* > $# 8 > $& = & # #$% " &* # " > — " &* # " > & / 8#& , 8 $ - #" # #! # # C " # 8 C #%& # . ' 8 "& , C ! & > #%& # $# " # $& " #/, #8 8 " #! # K C ! [1].

#! # "$" $"$& # 8 " C $ $" # $# 8 / $& = #. %-% 8 " # % / - #" # # ‚K $"$& # $# # #%8 #@ C - " # &* " # $ " #@ " % / # " 8 $"$, %- # , % # #@ $& # &* / $C E " # #%8 #/ $8-# C " # 8 C #%& # . & 8# #8#% ## A / $C E " # 8# #""& # #! ## K C ! $8 C &* 8 " ## " # &* " * ‚K .

' " = / ? >$& " # &* / % #" # ‚K " $&* " # #8 / " # &* " *@ # #"$&*% 8 C - / ? . " & , A!!# # $? % # ‚K /8 $ C $# 8 / $" #. < # "8 = ##! " # &* / $& = # ?&@ @ " % # &* > !&- ## " # &* " #. , " @ $& = # A!!# # $ - ? % # ‚K " $&* " # #8 C " C 2— 2,5 %, ? " # $& = # % # " " & @ 25—30 %."& " # "#&* E " " #% ? # ‚K .

8# " & , "" & # " > #% ? # %- 8 $# C "8 = ## # &* 8 $& ## @ !- " # &* / $& = # ‚K .

0 +

1. ( . ., !"C @. " > $# #. .: , 1973.

169

10

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&> > ""> K #" /&- # ## 8$& " « % » $% > & $# " #/ 8 C , 8 #"& $#/" # #C 2014 C . ‚ &@ " ? ""> & #" #$ : 8 C &, &> ? # # !-$/$. K#- #E > % > "" " " $& @ C C ?= 8 $& , % >8 "$& C @ " #? >.

" = # "" & * ? # 8 & $# HDTV- "& #/. ' " " ## " # " #8 % # 8, # &* "- = " * $ $& #@ 8 >" 1,5 8 $" # ""> & ?> * 8 1800 & , $# A!!# # 8 " # ^8#: ^8 " = 1: 1,5. ? #8 ?>& " * C # # $ "&$= 8 /" #@.

< >/ % "$> " # " # $C 88 $% &,# #% # $" & 8 $& >/ ? ! #/ & " > ?H . , $#8 , $C 88 DIALux $%- & "" # > * $% &* "&$& " # & & > #/ % # [1], Calculux Area ?& # >8 " 8 — >$& " C " [2]. < A / $# # , " " = " # $#&"$C 88 DIALux 4.10, $% &* "&$& " # "" # > &" $C 88 Calculux Area.

& " = # "" ?> >? > $> Thorn Mundial 1000 # 2000 ' . %8 = # $ — $ >" / 15—25 8 % #"#8 " # E# # > "">. & " = # % > !# #E #"$&*%- "* $> >" / 50 8, "$& > % #? 8#.

< " &* $& " * >? >" > # "$& # $," ? #8 " *@ $? C& # C $ - , & % " = # 8 C # /, " 8 " 8 #8 # &* >8, ?>& % ? 8 # , $% & @= C # # * -

170