- •Сборник текстов для индивидуального чтения
- •Часть II/Part II
- •Часть I. Part I. Text 1. Parents Urged to Talk to Children
- •Text 2. Hooked on the net
- •Text 3. How Does It Feel to Be an American Teen?
- •Text 4. How To Become Popular?
- •Text 5. How do teenagers deal with their parents rules?
- •Text 6. Survey Showed Increasing Drug Use Among Youth
- •Text 7. Homeless Young homelessness is a problem which is getting worse and worse. In Britain there are about 150,000 teenagers who have run away from home.
- •Text 8. Russians Distrust Globalization Which They Don't Understand
- •By Marina Pustilnik, Moscow News
- •(The free Internet-based encyclopedia, Wikipedia)
- •Text 9. A Tale of Two Rivals
- •Text 10. Inner City Kids Keen to Do Well School report paints optimistic picture of learning against the odds
- •Text 11. Saving Youth From Violence
- •Text 12. Young Entrepreneurs
- •Text 13. Mother Teresa of Calcutta An interview with the woman who has done so much to alleviate the suffering of the sick and poor.
- •Text 14. The War on Drugs: a Losing Battle?
- •The government has approved a new program to fight illegal drugs, but there seems to be little chance for success
- •Mn File opinion
- •Text 15. How to Live to 120 and Beyond
- •The Russian Academy of Sciences (ras) has launched an anti-aging program
- •Text 16. Buddy, can you spare a book?
- •Часть II. Part II. Text 1. Social Work. A View from the usa.
- •Text 2. Social Service
- •Text 3. Family, Elderly and Children Welfare
- •Text 4. Social Work Training and Social Services
- •Text 5. Child Welfare in the usa
- •Text 6. People with Disabilities
- •Text 7. Social Agencies. Red Cross
- •Text 8. Social Agencies. Salvation Army.
- •Text 9. Social Agencies. Young Men’s Christian Association
- •Text 10. Social Agencies. Médecins Sans Frontières
- •Text 11. Social Workers. Emily Greene Balch
- •Text 12. Social Workers. Martha McChesney Berry
- •Text 13. Hospice
- •Источники
Text 8. Social Agencies. Salvation Army.
Salvation Army is an international Christian religious and charitable movement organized and operated on a military pattern. It furnishes various forms of assistance to persons in need of spiritual solace and material aid. The Army is established in more than 80 countries, preaching the gospel in about 112 languages in 16,000 evangelical centres and operating more than 3,000 social welfare institutions, hospitals, schools, and agencies.
It was founded in 1865 in London by the English Methodist minister William Booth. It was originally founded as the Christian Mission, with the aim of carrying on evangelical and social-welfare work among the inhabitants of the slum areas of London. The mission rapidly expanded its activities and in 1878 it was renamed the Salvation Army. Booth was accorded the title of general, and the officers and members of the organization were given military ranks and titles in accordance with their duties. The organization was later organized into territories, each of which had jurisdiction over a specified country or other major geographical area.
The international character of the Salvation Army dates from 1880, when a group of its members went to the United States and established an American branch in New York City. The movement subsequently spread to all parts of the world.
The Salvation Army was particularly active during World War I (1914-1918) and World War II (1939-1945), rendering a wide variety of services to Allied soldiers. In World War II its American branch operated more than 3,000 War Service Units, including 1,000 mobile canteens, on 26 battlefronts. In the postwar period the Salvation Army promulgated a program called Marching Forward, the main objectives of which included the promotion of evangelism, the prevention of juvenile delinquency, aid to veterans and their families, extensions of services in police courts and prisons, and programs to end human suffering in countries devastated by war.
As of 1999 the Salvation Army operated in 94 countries, using 173 languages and dialects to preach the gospel. World membership of the group totals about 2 million people, of whom 17,000 are active officers. Some 600 kindergartens, 950 primary and middle schools, 100 secondary schools, 50 trade schools, 25 teacher training schools, one Bible college and one university are maintained by the Salvation Army in various parts of the world. The facilities operated by organization members throughout the world include maternity homes, children's homes, and hotels to give free lodging and to serve free meals.
The institutions operated by members in the United States include adult rehabilitation centers to enroll homeless people in a program of work and rehabilitation, children's camps, general hospitals, maternity homes and hospitals, children's homes and foster-care centers, residences for senior citizens and young working women, senior citizen centers, and centers for alcoholics. Such social services are offered without discrimination as to race or creed.
(2568)
Notes:
charitable – благотворительный;
spiritual solace – духовное утешение;
subsequently [‘sΛbsikwәntli] – впоследствии, позже;
Allied [ә’laid] soldiers – союзные войска;
promulgate – пропагандировать;
free lodging – бесплатное временное жилье;
foster-care centers – центры, помогающие усыновить детей;
creed – вероисповедание.