Функциипричастия

функция	примеры	Перевод
Attribute before the defined word (определение перед определяемым словом)	1. In Scotland the main common services cover centralized police training. 2. Police training centers are exercised in Scotland.	1. В Шотландии основные общественные службы охватывают централизованное обучение (подготовку) полиции. 2. В Шотланидии для полицейских функционируют обучающие центры (центры обучения).
Attribute after the defined word (определение после определяемого слова)	1. The police may arrest a person without a warrant under the arrest scheme established by the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984. 2. Being arrested a person has a statutory right to consult a solicitor.	1. Полиция может арестовать человека без ордера на арест согласно специальной схеме по арестам, установленной Полицейским и Уголовным актом о доказательствах 1984г. 2. При аресте человек имеет установленное законом право консультироваться у солиситора.
Adverbial modifier (обстоятельство)	1. (When, while) arresting a person without a warrant under the arrest scheme established by the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 the police do it to protect the public. 2. When brought before a court, the offender was released on bail. 3. Having been issued by the Home Secretary, under the 1984 Act a code on practice on detention, treatment and questioning began to be strictly observed by the police service.	1. Когда человека арестовывают без ордера согласно схеме ареста, установленной Полицейским и Уголовным актом о доказательствах 1984г., то полиция делает это, чтобы защитить общество. 2. Когда преступник предстал перед судом, он был освобождён на поруки (под залог). 3. После издания Министром внутренних дел Англии Кодекса практического режима содержания под стражей и допроса по акту 1984г, Кодекс стал строго соблюдаться полицейской службой.

Задание 28. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на формы причастия I, II:

1. When charged with murder, he was arrested.

2. Releasing the offender, the officer cautioned him not to drive too fast.

3. Being suspected of an offence, he was detained.

4. When initially detained, he was released on bail.

5. Having been questioned, he was released on bail in the interests of the investigation.

6. Outside London the police are all local forces, employed and paid by counties or county boroughs.

7. Having been rendered scientific aids, he made a great discovery soon.

8. Offence relating questions may normally not be put to a person after he or she has been charged with that offence.

9. Having been cautioned beforehand, he didn’t commit a crime.

10. Having grounds to suspect of an offence, the police must caution a person.

§ 17. Absolute Participle Construction

Абсолютная причастная конструкция

Subject + Participle Подлежащее + причастие	Subject + Predicate Подлежащее + сказуемое
Crimes prepared and tried before the sheriff and district courts, procurators fiscal prosecute them. До того как преступления рассматриваются в шерифских и районных судах, они (дела по преступлениям) подготавливаются и ведутся судебным исполнителем.
Subject + Predicate Подлежащее + сказуемое	Subject + Participle Подлежащее + причастие
The Service is divided into 31 areas, with a locally based Chief Crown Prosecutor heading each. Служба разделена на 31 округ, причём каждый возглавляется местным главным королевским обвинителем.

Задание 29. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на абсолютную причастную конструкцию:

1. The weather being fine, we went for a walk.

2. The work done, they went home.

3. We investigated the case, with the data being collected.

4. The play being boring, the audience left the house.

5. The scene being horrifying, we left the place at once.

6. The day being fine, we decided to go swimming.

7. Elections in Russia being universal, all citizens at the age of the 18 have the right to elect.

Задание 30. Переведите предложения с абсолютной причастной конструкцией:

1. Big monopolies in the state having real power in the country, the rulers take all measures against any representative of the people attempting to find his way into Congress.

2. The Senate consists of 2 members from each state, chosen for 6 years, one third being reelected every 2 years.

3. The Supreme Court of the USA consists of 9 justices, one justice being appointed as the Chief Justice.

4. The district courts being the primary link of the judiciary, most of the criminal and civil cases are tried by these courts.

5. The exercise being difficult for the students, the teacher explained them how to do it.

6. The student knowing English well, the examination didn’t last long.

7. The Constitution proclaiming the peaceful nature of the state, there is a special chapter in it formulating the principles of the foreign policy.

§18. Passive voice