Ex. 47. A) Read and translate text f. B) Find, write out, translate and memorize all the working verbs.

Text g. Our human body

The human body is the entire physical structure of a human organism. It consists of the head, neck, torso, two arms and two legs. An adult skeleton consists of about 200 bones. It is known that the average height of an adult man is about 1.8 m (6 feet) tall and the adult woman about 1.6 to 1.7 m (5 to 5.5 feet) tall. It is firstly diet and secondly genes that determine this size. But as for body type and body composition they depend on such factors as diet and exercise. By the time when the human reaches adulthood, the body consists of about to 100 trillion (100,000,000,000,000) cells. The cell is the smallest element of the human body. It is a part of any organ system which performs different life functions. There are twelve organ systems in the body. The organs of the body include the brain, lungs, heart, liver, spleen, stomach, kidneys, gallbladder, urine bladder, pancreas, large intestine (colon), small intestine (ileum), male and female genitals, and skin.

Thus, we have: The lungs through which we breathe; The heart that pumps the blood; The stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas that digest food; The kidneys that form urine And the brains to work that all out.

The human is the most unique of all living things on this Earth. Not only the human body is made up of skin, muscles, bones, nerves, blood and hair but also brain. Our body consists of various special organs such as the eyes, the ears, and the nose. The base unit of any living body is a cell. Numerous cells combine together and form a special part of the body. The human body is such a complex machine that works in harmony and performs complex activities without any programming (unlike a computer). Not to forget that still each one of us is different and that we all make mistakes.

6.

Class work.

Ex. 48. Translate the sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the words “some” and “same”.

1. Some diseases have the same symptoms.

2. It is not good in this case to take more than one antibiotic at the same time.

3. An X-ray examination may be necessary in some cases of chest pain.

4. The structure of the bronchi walls is the same as the structure of the trachea walls.

5. Heart disease in the child was the result of some infection.

6. Some cold symptoms are the same as in bronchitis and grippe.

7. Same sex marriages have already been approved in some states of America.

8. The chewable tablet for children has the same dose as the adult tablet.

Ex. 49. Read, analyze and translate the sentences.

1. The more fat removed, the higher the surgical risk.

2. It is ideal for the patient to be as fit as possible before this procedure and not to smoke for several months.

3. Women’s heart beats faster than men’s.

4. Like any muscle, the heart needs constant supply of oxygen.

5. It is the advantages of 30 years of improvements which resulted in operations when more fat cells can be more easily removed, with less blood loss, less discomfort and less risk.

6. According to German researchers, the risk of heart attack is higher on Monday than any other day of the week.

7. By age sixty, most people have lost half of their taste buds (точка).

8. The body’s largest internal organ is the small intestine at an average length of 20 feet.

9. A person will die from total lack of sleep sooner than from starvation. Death will occur about 10 days without sleep, while starvation takes a few weeks.

10. There are 45 miles of nerves in the skin of a human being.

11. Gastric cancer can develop in any part of the stomach and may spread throughout the stomach and to other organs.

12. Skin is thickest on palms and soles and thinnest on lips and eyelids.

13. There are 60,000 miles of blood vessels in the human body.

14. About 10,000,000 people have the same birthday as you.

15. One must not forget about patient needs.

Ex.50. Name the parts of the human body.

Picture 5.

Ex. 51. Complete the sentences.

1. We see with our….. .

2. We smell with our….. .

3. We hear with our….. .

4. We taste with our….. and palate

5. and feel with our….. .

6. The main organ is the……, which sends the blood throughout the body.

7. The heart is located on the left of our….. .

8. The human body also contains the……, with which we breathe.

9. To digest food we need the….. .

Match the parts of the body with the definition.

a. kidney, b. lung, c. liver, d. heart, e. brain, f. intestine, g. appendix, h. tonsils, i. rib,

j. stomach, k. jaw, l. throat

1. Organ in the head which controls thoughts and feeling.

2. Long pipe leading from the stomach which takes waste.

3. Two small, fleshy organs in the throat.

4. Baglike organ in which food is broken down for use of the body.

5. One of 24 organs protecting the chest.

6. One of pair organs which separate waste liquid from the blood.

7. One of two bony parts of the face in which teeth are set.

8. Large organ which clears the blood.

9. One of a pair organ of breathing in the chest.

10. Passage from the back of the mouth going down inside the neck.

11. Short organ in the chest which controls the blood flow by pushing it round the body.

Home work

Ex. 52. Look through all the texts of the chapter again and compile your report on the human body using the phrases of a speaker. Do it in a simple way.