- •Unit 4. Matter, Elements and Atoms. Language Work
- •4. Put in the missing words, using the words from the table above:
- •5. Put all possible questions to the following statements.
- •6. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Simple.
- •8. Choose the appropriate English equivalents.
- •10. Read and translate word-combinations starting from the first component:
- •11. Match the following word-combinations with their translation:
- •12. Match the following sentences with their translations.
- •Specialist Reading
- •14. Read the text ‘Matter, Elements and Atoms’ and fill in the table.
- •Matter, Elements and Atoms.
- •Read the text again and complete the sentences.
- •16. Match the terms in Table a with their definitions in Table b
- •Speaking
- •18. You are taking your exam in Physics. Your examination card says: Matter, its definition and basic notions. Your partner is your examiner. Answer his questions and try to get a good mark.
- •19. Divide into 2 groups. Group 1 translates Extract a and group 2 – extract b of the text “Electricity” with a dictionary in writing, paying attention to the use of the Past Simple.
19. Divide into 2 groups. Group 1 translates Extract a and group 2 – extract b of the text “Electricity” with a dictionary in writing, paying attention to the use of the Past Simple.
EXTRACT A.
Electricity is simply a movement of charged particles through a closed circuit. The electrons, which flow through this wire carry a negative charge. Electricity is made by converting some form of energy into flowing electrons at thepower plant. The type of power plant depends on the source of energy used: thermal power plant (coal, oil, gas, nuclear, underground stream), solar power (photovoltaic), kinetic power (water, wind) and chemical power (fuel cell). After it is made, electricity is sent into a system of cables and wires called a transmission grid. This system enables power plants and end users to be connected.
Electrical phenomena have been studied since antiquity, though advances in the science were not made until the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Practical applications for electricity however remained few, and only in the late nineteenth century engineers were able to put it to industrial and residential use. The rapid expansion in electrical technology at that time transformed industry and society.
Extraordinary versatility as a source of energy of electricity means it can be put to an almost limitless set of applications which include transport, heating, lighting, communications, and computation.
EXTRACT B.
Electricity remained more than an intellectual curiosity for millennia until 1600, when the English physician William Gilbert made a careful study of electricity and magnetism and distinguished the lodestone effect from static electricity produced by rubbing amber. This association gave rise to the English words "electric" and "electricity", which made their first appearance in print in Thomas Browne's Pseudodoxia Epidemica of 1646. Further work was conducted by Otto von Guericke, Robert Boyle, Stephen Gray and C. F. du Fay. In the 18th century, Benjamin Franklin conducted extensive research in electricity, selling his possessions to fund his work.
Electricity is an extremely flexible form of energy, and has been adapted to a huge and growing number of uses. The invention of a practical incandescent light bulb in the 1870s led to lighting becoming one of the first publicly available applications of electrical power.
With the construction of first intercontinental, and then transatlantic, telegraph systems in the 1860s, electricity enabled communications in minutes across the globe.
20. In Russian write a content-based summary of the text you have translated.
21. Translate into English the summary made in ex.20 of the text you haven’t read.
22. Make a reverse written translation (from Russian into English) of the Extract you have translated.
23. Serve as simultaneous interpreter. Make an oral reverse interpretation of the text.
24. Find more information about physical and chemical properties of all the substances which occur in nature and tell your group mates.