- •Англійська мова
- •Contents
- •Section 1
- •Read and translate the following text: higher technical education
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Group the following words in three columns: nouns, verbs, adjectives.
- •Section 2
- •1. Read and translate the following text: the centenary of the kyiv polytechnic institute
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •4. Put the verbs in brackets into Present Simple Tense.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 1
- •1. Read and translate the following text: origin of science
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Match the words from column a with their meanings from column b.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 2
- •Read and translate the following text: mathematics — the language of science
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Make up word combinations from the following words:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 3
- •Read and translate the following text: the fields and uses of physics
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Make up word combinations from the following words and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Read the following groups of words. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Give plural form of the following words.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 4
- •Read and translate the following text: chemistry and chemical industry
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Find odd words:
- •Match the following English words with their Ukrainian equivalents. Make your own sentences with these English words.
- •6. Answer the following questions:
- •Section 1
- •1. Read and translate the following text: communication with computer
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Section 2
- •What can computers do?
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Find odd words:
- •Match the following English words with their Ukrainian equivalents. Make your own sentences with these English words.
- •Put the verbs in brackets into Past Simple Tense. Translate these sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Name the main elements of every computer.
- •Section 1
- •Read and translate the following text: man and biosphere
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Write the numerals in brackets in words.
- •Spell the following numerals:
- •Make up word combinations from the following words, translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 2
- •Read and translate the following text: chornobyl nuclear accident
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Make up sentences from the following words. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Write pronouns instead of the words in brackets:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 3
- •Read and translate the following text: the environmental problems of the western nations
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Make up sentences from the following sets of words. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Insert the article a/the where it is necessary.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 1
- •Read and translate the following text: automation today and tomorrow
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Give the plural form to the following nouns:
- •Information, designer, gas, technique, flight, space
- •Make up word combinations from the following words, translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Change the following sentences into the future tense:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 2
- •Read and translate the following text: automatic plant
- •Section 3
- •Standardization
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Read and translate the following groups of words:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 1
- •Read and translate the following text: kyiv - the capital of ukraine
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Make up word combinations from the following words. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Rewrite the following pairs of sentences so that one sentence is in the Past Perfect Tense. Add any words that are necessary
- •Section 2
- •Read and translate the following text: ukraine
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 3
- •Read and translate the following text: economy and industry in great britain
- •Put verbs in brackets into right tense. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Prove your thought:
- •Section 4
- •Read and translate the following text: economy and industry in the usa
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Put the verbs in brackets in Future Perfect Tense.
- •Decide whether the following statements are true or false:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 1
- •Read and translate the following text: the metals
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Translate the following groups of words:
- •Match the English words with their meanings and memorize them.
- •Put the verbs in brackets into proper tense form.
- •Give short answers to the following questions:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 2
- •Read and translate the following text: metals and their use
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Write out the following metals in two groups: ferrous metals and nonferrous metals.
- •Put the verbs in brackets in proper tense. Translate these sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 3
- •Read and translate the following text: metals in perspective
- •Section 4
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Make up word combinations from the following words and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Write the following pronouns in the Nominative case:
- •Pick out the pronouns in the following sentences and say what person each one is.
- •Write out these sentences again using pronouns instead of the words in the brackets.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 5
- •1. Read and translate the following text: metals and nuclear energy
- •In the following sentences replace can (could) with to be able form.
- •Turn the following sentences a) into Past Simple Tense b) into the Future Simple Tense. Add necessary “time” expressions.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 1
- •Read and translate the following text: metal casting
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Make up word combinations from the following words. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Make up sentences from the following words. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Insert necessary modal verbs into the following sentences:
- •Put the verbs in brackets in appropriate tense form.
- •Transform the following sentences a) into Second Conditional, b) into Third Conditional. The first one has been done for you.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 2
- •Read and translate the following text: furnaces
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Fill in the gaps with the following verbs in appropriate tense form according to the meaning:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 3
- •Read and translate the following text: cupola
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Match the following English words with their meaning:
- •Put the verbs in brackets in right tense. Translate these sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Turn the following sentences from Direct Speech to Indirect Speech:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 1
- •1. Read and translate the following text: materials technology
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Find odd words:
- •Make word combinations from the following words. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Put verbs in brackets in right tense. Translate these sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Section 2
- •Read and translate the following text: properties of metals (I)
- •Make word combinations from the following words and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Put verbs in brackets in Passive form. Translate these sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 3
- •Read and translate the following text: properties of metals (II)
- •Put the verbs in brackets in Passive form.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 4
- •Read and translate the following text: plastics
- •Section 5
- •Plastics with memory effect
- •Make word combinations from the following words. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Put the verbs in brackets either in Present Perfect or in Present Perfect Continuous Tense.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 6
- •Read and translate the following text: fibres
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 7
- •Read and translate the following text: metals for motoring
- •Find odd words:
- •Make word combinations from the following words and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Put the verbs in brackets either in Present Perfect or in Present Simple Tense.
- •6. Answer the following questions:
- •Section 1
- •Read and translate the following text: the periodic table of elements (I)
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Make up word combinations from the following words and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Put in appropriate modal verbs in the blank spaces. Choose the one that seems to you the most suitable.
- •Transform the following sentences into the Simple Past Tense. Make any necessary alterations to ‘time phrases’.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 2
- •Read and translate the following text: the periodic table of elements (II)
- •Complete the following sentences by adding a clause:
- •Complete the following sentences by adding the clauses:
- •Read the sentences and say whether they are true or false.
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Section 3
- •Read and translate the following text: some interesting relationships
- •Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Make up the word combinations from the following words. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Make up word combinations from the following words.
- •Change the following sentences to Subjunctive Conditionals. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Короткий граматичний довідник у таблицях parts of speech
- •Members of the sentence. Word order
- •Pronouns
- •Personal Pronouns
- •Possessive Pronouns
- •Demonstrative Pronouns
- •Reflexive Pronouns
- •Indefinite Pronouns
- •Plural of the Noun
- •Adjective
- •Degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs
- •Adjectives which have two Forms of Comparison
- •Numeral
- •Fractional Numerals
- •Passive voice
- •Modal verbs
- •Sequence of Tenses
- •Types of sentences
- •Conditionals
- •Suffixes and preffixes
- •Noun Suffixes
- •Verb Suffixes
- •Adjective Suffixes
- •Adverb Suffixes
- •Negative and positive prefixes
- •Prefixes of size
- •Prefixes of time and order
- •Prefixes of location
- •Prefixes of number
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Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
електронно-цифровий комп’ютер, рахунок, набір інструкцій, унікальний код, мікропроцесор, мікросхема пам’яті, мікросхема інтерфейсу, арифметично-логічний пристрій, модуль пам’яті, модуль управління, дані, пристрій вводу, пристрій виводу, часова схема.
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Find odd words:
mill, refinery, computer, plant;
circuit, chip, unit, program;
results, data, news, information.
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Match the following English words with their Ukrainian equivalents. Make your own sentences with these English words.
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Put the verbs in brackets into Past Simple Tense. Translate these sentences into Ukrainian.
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Vast improvements in the size, speed and capabilities of computers (to take place) in 1980s.
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These programs (to be placed) in the computer’s memory unit in binary-coded form.
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Charles Babbage (to design) the first computer in 1833.
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Computers (to be found) in industrial process control in 1980s.
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The computer programmers (to provide) a program of instructions and data.
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Even in 1980s every computer (to contain) five essential elements or units.
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Answer the following questions:
Where do human beings use computers?
What does the microcomputer consist of?
What is the difference between microcomputers and minicomputers?
Where are the largest computers found?
What does the computer programmer provide?
Name the main elements of every computer.
What is the function of the control unit?
UNIT 4
Section 1
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Read and translate the following text: man and biosphere
Interrelations between man and the biosphere are of a fairly complex nature. Man, like every other living organism, depends for his life on what the biosphere provides: water, oxygen, food and shelter. On the other hand, the biosphere is strongly affected by all sorts of human activity.
About 200 years ago man lived in greater harmony with his environment because industry was not developed. Prehistoric man withdrew from atmosphere only the oxygen he required for respiration. Today the situation is quite different. Modern man consumes a far greater amount of oxygen to support fires, power plants and chemical processes. The carbon dioxide produced by technological processes has greatly changed the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. The technology has introduced into the biosphere man-made radio-isotopes and a wide variety of synthetic materials such as plastics, insecticides, herbicides and numerous industrial materials. These substances and materials alter the biosphere.
The problem of the environmental crisis has recently assumed global proportions. Scientists say, that unless some radical steps are taken, life on our planet may be irrevocably damaged, if not destroyed altogether.
The Earth provides people with mineral resources, rivers and forests. The resources demand rational use. But very often a man can not cope with this task. As a result nature and people suffer. Such vital sources of life as air, water, minerals, fauna and flora are being wasted and destroyed. Some animal species and plants have become extinct. When this happens the Red Fish die in the lakes, rivers and seas, while trees die in the forests.
The Earth is our home. We must take care of our home. The protection of nature has become one of the real problems of the 20th century. More and more people in all countries are raising their voices in defence of nature.
Concern about the preservation of the environment and its protection from pollution as well as concern about our limited natural resources has given rise to a powerful movement throughout the world. This movement is called environmentalism from the English word environment. Everybody knows that the Baikal is being saved, not only by the Russian people but also by foreigners and by an international organisation Greenpeace.