Вариант 2
I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого (см. образец). Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Many 16-storeyed houses with all modern conveniences are being built in this part of Moscow.
2. The sputniks are used for the research of magnetic fields and cosmic rays.
3. The properties of materials are affected by solar radiation.
4. Scientific and engineering progress opens up prospects before man.
II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.
1. The success in chemistry made it possible to obtain a lot of new materials.
2. One must apply the material that can be machined easily.
3. It is the energy of falling water that is used to drive turbines.
III. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.
1. Some substances do not conduct heat. .
2. Our plant is to increase the output of consumer goods.
3. Soon our industry will have new and cheap sources of energy.
4. These computers will have to perform millions of operations per second.
IV. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение.
1. We know electricity produces heat.
2. The new materials the Soviet chemists developed were used in space technology.
V. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.
1 .They promised to supply us with the necessary equipment.
2. The purpose of this book is to describe certain properties of metals.
3. The experiment to be carried out is of great importance for our research.
4. To convert chemical energy into «electrical energy we must use an electrical cell.
Специальность «Экономика и управление на предприятиях пищевой промышленности»
VI. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Письменно переведите 1-ый, 2-ой, 3-ий и 5-ый абзацы.
Слова к тексту
Purpose – цель
Share holders – держатели акций
Despite – кроме
To appoint – назначить
Public and private companies
1. A company is usually formed for the purpose of conducting business that is separate from its owners, the shareholders. The main difference is between public and private companies.
2. Private companies cannot sell shares to or raise money from the general public.
3. Public companies can sell their shares to the general public (which they usually do through a stock exchange). A company continues to exist despite changes in (or deaths among) its owners. A company can hold assets; it can sue, and it can be sued. The profits are distributed to the members as dividends on their shareholding. Losses are borne by the company. The day-to-day management of the company is carried out by a board of directors. Private limited companies are often local family businesses and are common in the building, retailing and clothing industries.
4. A private company can be formed with a minimum of two people becoming its shareholders. They must appoint a director and a company secretary. If the company goes out of business, the responsibility of each shareholder is limited to the amount that they have contributed; they have limited liability. Such a company has Ltd (Limited) after its name.
Many large businesses in the UK are Public Limited Companies (PLC), which means that the public can buy and sell their shares on the stock exchange. Marks & Spencer, British Telecom and the National Westminster Bank are the examples of public limited companies.
VII. Ответить на вопрос к четвертому абзацу:
What happens if the company goes out of business?
Для технологических специальностей `
VI. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Письменно переведите 1-ый, 3-ий, 4-ый, 5-ый и 6-ой абзацы.
Слова к тексту
Requires – требует
To supply – обеспечивать
Fuel – топливо
Lungs- легкие
Calories
1. Just as a railway engine requires fuel to supply it with energy so our bodies require food to keep them going. But whereas an engine, when not working, does not use up fuel, a man, even when resting, still needs energy to keep the heart, lungs, and other organs working and to maintain the body temperature.
2. Heat and energy are different forms of the same thing, they can be measured in the same units, namely 'Calories'. The Calories is he amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1,000 grammes of water 1° Centigrade. The energy which results from eating any food can also be measured in Calories. Foods vary greatly in the amount of energy that they produce when they are taken into the body that is in their calorific values.
3. The following table shows the amount of energy which an average person needs for various activities:
4. Form of activity Calories used per hour
Sleeping ……………………….65
Sitting at rest………………………………………………………………100
Dressing and undressing…………………………………………………..113
Dish washing………………………………………………………………144
Light exercise ……………………….170
Walking slowly ……………………….200
Active exercise ……………………….290
Fast walking ……………………….300
Swimming ………………………..500
5. Except for water, almost everything in the diet has calories in it. For example, 1 ounce (28.3 g) of butter provides 215 calories, 1 ounce of chocolate provides 150 calories, 1 ounce of sugar contains 110 calories, an ounce of cheese-100, of potatoes-20, apples-12 and tomatoes - 4.
6. There is one important thing to remember about calories. If you are eating a well-mixed diet - which includes plenty of milk, eggs, meat fish, fruit, vegetables, bread, butter and cheese - you will be getting all the calories you need for good health.
VII. Ответить на вопрос ко второму абзацу:
Why can heat and energy be measured in the same units?
Специальность «Машины и аппараты пищевых производств»
VI. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Письменно переведите 1-ый, 3-ий и 4-ый абзацы.
Слова к тексту
Milling machine – фрезерный станок
Cutting edge – режущий край, острие
Circumference – окружность
To feed –подавать
Longitudinal – продольный
Versatile – универсальный
Flat – плоский
Contoured – контурный
Milling machine
1. In a milling machine the cutter (фреза) is a circular device with a series of cutting edges on its circumference. The workpiece is held on a table that controls the feed against the cutter. The table has three possible movements: longitudinal, horizontal, and vertical; in some cases it can also rotate. Milling machines are the most versatile of all machine tools. Flat or contoured surfaces may be machined with excellent finish and accuracy. Angles, slots, gear teeth and cuts can be made by using various shapes of cutters.
2. To drill a hole usually hole-making machine-tools are used. They can drill a hole according to some specification, they can enlarge it, or they can cut threads for a screw or to create an accurate size or a smooth finish of a hole.
3. Drilling machines (сверлильные станки) are different in size and function, from portable drills to radial drilling machines, multispindle units, automatic production machines, and deep-hole-drilling machines.
4. Boring (расточка) is a process that enlarges holes previously drilled, usually with a rotating single-point cutter held on a boring bar and fed against a stationary workpiece.
VII. Ответить на вопрос ко второму абзацу:
What kinds of machine-tools are used to drill a hole?