Текст Політична соціалізація

Сутність політичної соціалізації – це процес включення людини у політичні відносини, суспільно-політичне життя, підготовку й включення її у відносини влади. Політична соціалізація, як багатомірний феномен, охоплює взаємодію різноманітних чинників зовнішнього середовища і внутрішні психологічні механізми реагування людини на стимули цього середовища.

Процес політичної соціалізації є важливим чинником забезпечення функціонування політичної системи та становлення політичної особистості. Ця проблема набуває особливої уваги на переломних етапах розвитку конкретних суспільств. Особливості сучасного етапу функціонування багатьох європейських країн немислимо уявити без євроінтеграційних процесів, які визначають особливості багатьох внутрішніх політичних і міжнародних процесів та явищ. Своєчасність звернення до політичної соціалізації обумовлюється суперечливістю впливу євроінтеграційних процесів в Україні на політико-правову свідомість і політичну активність населення, формування громадянського суспільства в Україні.

Тема 4. Перекладіть статтю з англійської на українську мову. Складіть словник і вивчіть невідомі слова на пам'ять. Придумайте зі словами з тексту 10 речень на переклад (з української мови на англійську).

Стаття

General Assembly President holds talks with other leading UN officials

General Assembly President Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser

29 October 2011 –

Sustainable development and the rule of law have topped the agenda during talks between the General Assembly President and other top United Nations officials at UN Headquarters in New York.

Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser met yesterday with Supachai Panitchpakdi, the Secretary-General of the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), and discussed a range of issues, including sustainable development, global prosperity, the revitalization of the General Assembly, next week''s summit in Cannes, France, of the G-20 group of major economies.

Mr. Al-Nasser and Dr. Supachai also discussed the agenda of UNCTAD''s 13th session, scheduled to take place in Doha, Qatar, in April next year.

The Assembly President also met yesterday with Judge Hisashi Owada, the current President of the International Court of Justice (ICJ), also known as the World Court.

Mr. Al-Nasser and Judge Owada discussed greater cooperation between the General Assembly and the ICJ as well as the court''s role in promoting the rule of law, according to information released by a spokesperson for the Assembly President.

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Змістовий модуль 2 (10 год.)

Тема 5. Перекладіть статтю з англійської на українську мову. Складіть словник і вивчіть невідомі слова на пам'ять. Придумайте зі словами з тексту 10 речень на переклад (з української мови на англійську).

Стаття

Ban voices concern after deadly violence in Gaza and southern Israel

Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. UN Photo/JC McIlwaine

30 October 2011 –

Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon expressed deep concern today at the recent escalation of violence and bloodshed in both southern Israel and the Gaza Strip that has reportedly left around a dozen people dead.

In a statement issued by his spokesperson, Mr. Ban condemned rocket fire launched from inside Gaza, which has killed an Israeli civilian in the country''s south, and called for its complete cessation.

He also urged Israel to exercise maximum restraint after the country''s military forces reportedly killed 10 alleged militants in Gaza.

"He hopes that the parties will fully respect the calm as brokered by Egypt," the statement noted, referring to a reported ceasefire organized by Egypt.

Mr. Ban added that the Office of the Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process, headed by Robert Serry, remained actively engaged with the Israelis and Palestinians in supporting efforts to end the violence.

The deadly attacks have taken place just weeks after Israel and the Palestinians agreed to a prisoner exchange that senior United Nations officials said they hoped would lead the two sides to make further hard decisions towards an eventual peace agreement to end the long-running conflict.

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United Nations Seminar on Assistance to Palestinian People Considers Economic Cost of Continued Israeli Occupation of Palestinian Territory, in Cairo, 6-7 February

Local, Regional, International Efforts towards Mitigating Cost also Examined

The Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People will convene the United Nations Seminar on Assistance to the Palestinian People, in Cairo, Egypt, at the Sofitel Cairo El Gezirah, on 6 and 7 February.  The theme of the Seminar is “The economic cost of continued Israeli occupation of the Palestinian Territory: local, regional and international efforts towards mitigating it”.

The purpose of the Seminar is to review the impact of Israeli policies and practices on the socio-economic situation in the West Bank and Gaza.  The Seminar, among other issues, will look at the cost of the Israeli occupation incurred by the Palestinians in various sectors of the economy, and examine the ways of sustaining the recent economic achievements following the implementation of the Palestinian State-building programme.

The opening session, on 6 February, from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m., will be addressed by Ahmed Fathalla, First Under-Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, representing the host country; Maxwell Gaylard, Deputy United Nations Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process and United Nations Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator for the Occupied Palestinian Territory, representing United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon; Abdou Salam Diallo, Chairman of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People; and Ali Al-Jarbawi, Minister for Planning and Administrative Development of the Palestinian Authority, representing Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas.  Minister Al-Jarbawi will also deliver a keynote address, following the opening session. 

Plenary I, on the Israeli occupation as the paramount obstacle to socio-economic development in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, will run from 3 p.m. to 6 p.m. on 6 February.  The sub-themes of the session will be:  “The impact of Israeli policies and practices on the socio-economic situation in the West Bank:  restrictions on movement and access; displacement, dispossession and demolitions in East Jerusalem and Area C; the economic impact of settler violence”; “The impact of the occupation on recent economic achievements in the West Bank”; “The socio-economic impact of the blockade of the Gaza Strip”; and “Unilateral economic measures as a means of political and economic coercion in the Occupied Palestinian Territory”.  Expected speakers include:  Mr. Gaylard; Alex Pollock, Director of Microfinance Programme at the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), Jerusalem; Ramesh Rajasingham, Head of Office at the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Jerusalem; Hanan Taha, the CEO of PalTrade, the National Trade Development Organization (NTDO), Ramallah and Gaza; and Mahmoud Elkhafif, the Coordinator of Assistance to the Palestinian People at the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Geneva.

Plenary II, entitled “Quantifying the cost of the occupation”, will be held from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. on 7 February.  The sub-themes of the session will be:  “The West Bank:  costs incurred due to import and export restrictions, and obstacles to the movement of goods and labour”; “The impact of the separation wall”; “The costs of the settlement project”; “Costs of the blockade on the Gaza Strip”; and “Loss of revenues due to Israeli control over and exploitation of natural resources in the Occupied Palestinian Territory”.  Expected speakers include:  Jad Isaac, General Director of Applied Research Institute — Jerusalem; Shir Hever, Economic Researcher at the Alternative Information Center, Jerusalem; Tarik Alami, Chief of Emerging and Conflict Related Issues Section, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA), Beirut; and Iman Jabbour, Research Director at Gisha — Legal Center for Freedom of Movement, Tel Aviv.

Plenary III, concerning the possibilities to offset the cost of the occupation while preparing for independence, sovereignty and sustainable development, will take place from 3 p.m. to 5:30 p.m. on 7 February.  The sub-themes of the session will be:  “The role of the international donor community”; “Palestinian claims against the occupying Power — Learning from the United Nations experience in war economic reparation (the case of compensation for losses resulting from Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait)”; “Balancing gradual elimination of reliance on external aid with the need for continued international humanitarian and development assistance:  The role of non-traditional donors”; and “Ensuring socio-economic viability of the State of Palestine:  supporting education, youth employment and social integration; the role of the private sector and women entrepreneurs; the role of civil society organizations”.  Expected speakers include:  Mojtaba Kazazi, Executive Head of the United Nations Compensation Commission, Geneva; Nu’man Kanafani, Fellow at the Department of Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, and Research Director at the Palestine Economic Policy Research Institute (MAS); Maha Abu Shushe, President of Peugeot Automobiles Office in Ramallah and Chairperson of the Palestinian Shippers Council; and Mohammad Shtayyeh, President of the Palestinian Economic Center for Development and Reconstruction, West Bank.

The closing session, on 7 February, from 5:30 p.m. to 6 p.m., will be addressed by a representative of the host country, and the Chairman of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People.

All sessions of the Seminar will be open to the media.  The official languages will be Arabic and English.

Updated versions of the programme, as well as information on previous Meetings, will be available on the website of the Division for Palestinian Rights, United Nations Secretariat, at http://www.un.org/depts/dpa/qpal/calendar.htm.

The Summary of the Chairman on the outcomes of the Seminar will be available at the above link shortly after the Seminar finalizes its work.  The full report on the Seminar proceedings will be issued, in due course, as a publication of the Division for Palestinian Rights.

Тема 6. Перекладіть статтю з англійської на українську мову. Складіть словник і вивчіть невідомі слова на пам'ять. Придумайте зі словами з тексту 10 речень на переклад (з української мови на англійську).

Стаття

As South Sudan joins UNESCO, major challenges in education lie ahead

South Sudan becomes UNESCO’s 194th Member State

29 October 2011 –

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) today welcomed the recently independent country of South Sudan -- which has some of the worst indicators for education levels in the world -- as its newest Member State.

At a ceremony today in Paris, where UNESCO is holding its general conference at the agency''s headquarters, the flag of South Sudan was raised alongside those of UNESCO''s other 193 Member States. The ceremony took place two days after South Sudan completed the procedures for ratifying the agency''s constitution.

In her welcome message UNESCO Director-General Irina Bokova noted that the country of eight million people faces "immense challenges," but pledged that the agency would support the nation to strengthen its education system and train teachers and other education professionals.

UNESCO, through its International Institute for Educational Planning, will work with the UN Children''s Fund (UNICEF) to draw up a plan to help South Sudanese authorities tackle their major education needs.

The latest global monitoring report on education from UNESCO, released in June, found that South Sudan is last in the world league table for enrolment in secondary education and second-last for net enrolment in primary-level education. Textbooks are in short supply, usable classrooms are unavailable and there are not nearly enough trained teachers.

Women and girls are particularly badly affected. Just eight per cent of women in South Sudan know how to read and write and there are estimated to be only 400 girls in the last grade of secondary school across the impoverished country.