- •1.3.1 Infinitive as subject (Additional Information)
- •1.3.2 The infinitive as object (Additional Information)
- •(Verbals)
- •Verbal Predicate
- •The infinitive
- •The infinitive can be:
- •1.1 Forms of the infinitive
- •1.2. The bare infinitive and the to-infinitive the use of the bare infinitive
- •1.2.1 “Let”, “make”, “would rather/ sooner” and “had better”
- •1.3. The functions of the infinitive
- •1.4.1 The for-to-infinitive construction
- •In translating this construction into Russian a subordinate clause or an infinitive is used.
- •Sentence patterns with the for-phrase
- •Practice
- •1.4.2 The Objective with the Infinitive Construction (Complex object)
- •1.4.3 The subjective infinitive construction (complex subject) (the Nominative-with-the-lnfinitive Construction)
- •Participle
- •Participle as predicative:participle I as predicative
- •Participle II as predicative
- •Participle as attribute participle I as attribute
- •Participle II as attribute
- •Participle as object Participle I may function as part of a predicative construction entering into a predicative relationship with some nominal element and forming a syntactical unit with it.
- •Participle as adverbial modifier participle I as adverbial modifier
- •Participle II as adverbial modifier
- •Gerund The Gerund
- •The Grammatical Categories of the Gerund
- •The Forms of the Gerund The Category of Correlation (perfect – non-perfect)
- •The Category of Voice (active – passive)
- •Syntactical Functions of the Gerund
- •The Gerund as Subject
- •The Gerund as Object
- •The Gerund as Attribute
- •The Gerund as Adverbial Modifier
Practice
1.4.2 The Objective with the Infinitive Construction (Complex object)
In the objective with the infinitive construction the infinitive (usually an infinitive phrase) is in predicate relation to a noun in the common case or a pronoun in the objective case. It is rendered in Russian by an object clause.
It is mostly translated into Russian by an object clause.
Subject + Predicate + Noun (Pronoun) + Infinitive
- I want Mother (her) to help me.
Я хочу, чтобы мама (она) помогла мне.
- They expect the steamer to leave tonight.
Они ожидают, что пароход отойдет сегодня вечером.
The Complex Object is used after the verbs:
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1. of mental activity: to know, to think, to consider, to believe, to find (считать, полагать), to expect, to suppose (предполагать), to imagine, to feel, to trust, to mean, etc. After these verbs the verb to be is generally used. (It can be omitted after the verbs to consider, to find, to declare). The use of this construction after most verbs of mental activity is more characteristic of literary style. 2. of declaring: to pronounce, to declare, to report, to teach.
3. denoting wish and intention: to want, to wish, to desire, to mean, to intend/to choose (= want).
4. denoting feeling and emotion: to like, to dislike, to hate
5. denoting order and permission: to order, to allow, to suffer (неохотно разрешать, позволить скрепя сердце), to ask (for), to command, to encourage, to forbid, etc. In most cases after these verbs the Passive Infinitive is used.
6. denoting sense perception: to hear, to see, to watch, to feel, to observe, etc. After such verbs the bare infinitive (without "to") is used. After these verbs only the Indefinite Infinitive Active is used. If the meaning is passive we use Participle II. If the process is expressed Participle I Indefinite Active is used.
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- I knew them to be right. Я знал, что они правы. □ We expect them to arrive soon. Мы ожидаем, что они скоро приедут.
- I find him (to be) a very clever man. Я нахожу, что он очень умный человек. - I don't consider him (to be) an honest man. Я не считаю, что он честный человек.
- The doctor pronounced the wound to be a slight one. Врач сказал, что рана легкая.
- He intended me to go with him to India. Он хотел, чтобы я поехала с ним в Индию. - I want you to stop worrying. Я хочу, чтобы ты прекратил волноваться.
- Tell me what you would like me to do. Скажи, что бы ты хотела, чтобы я сделал.
- The captain ordered the cases to be loaded. Капитан приказал погрузить ящики. - Не asked for the letter to be sent off at once. Он просил, чтобы письмо было отправлено немедленно (отослать письмо немедленно). - She asked to be shown the photo. Она попросила показать ей фотографию. - Mr Domby suffered his daughter to play with Paul. Мистер Домби неохотно разрешил своей дочери играть с Полем.
- I saw Brown enter the room. Я видел, как Браун вошел в комнату. - I felt the blood rush into my cheeks. Я почувствовал, как кровь прилила к моим щекам. - I saw the fire slowly conquered. Я видел, как пожар постепенно потушили. - Не saw Fleur coming. Он видел, как Флер подходила к нам.
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